Metabolic Differences between Subcutaneous and Visceral Adipocytes Differentiated with an Excess of Saturated and Monounsaturated Fatty Acids
Obesity is a major health problem in highly industrialized countries. High-fat diet (HFD) is one of the most common causes of obesity and obesity-related disorders. There are considerable differences between fat depots and the corresponding risks of metabolic disorders. We investigated the various e...
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MDPI AG
2020-09-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/11/9/1092 |
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| author | Małgorzata Małodobra-Mazur Aneta Cierzniak Dorota Pawełka Krzysztof Kaliszewski Jerzy Rudnicki Tadeusz Dobosz |
| author_facet | Małgorzata Małodobra-Mazur Aneta Cierzniak Dorota Pawełka Krzysztof Kaliszewski Jerzy Rudnicki Tadeusz Dobosz |
| author_sort | Małgorzata Małodobra-Mazur |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Obesity is a major health problem in highly industrialized countries. High-fat diet (HFD) is one of the most common causes of obesity and obesity-related disorders. There are considerable differences between fat depots and the corresponding risks of metabolic disorders. We investigated the various effects of an excess of fatty acids (palmitic 16:0, stearic 18:0, and oleic acids 18:1n−9) on adipogenesis of subcutaneous- and visceral-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and phenotypes of mature adipocytes. MSCs of white adipose tissue were acquired from adipose tissue biopsies obtained from subcutaneous and visceral fat depots from patients undergoing abdominal surgery. The MSCs were extracted and differentiated in vitro with the addition of fatty acids. Oleic acid stimulated adipogenesis, resulting in higher lipid content and larger adipocytes. Furthermore, oleic acid stimulated adipogenesis by increasing the expression of CCAAT enhancer binding protein β (<i>CEBPB</i>) and peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ (<i>PPARG</i>). All of the examined fatty acids attenuated the insulin-signaling pathway and radically reduced glucose uptake following insulin stimulation. Visceral adipose tissue was shown to be more prone to generate inflammatory stages. The subcutaneous adipose tissue secreted a greater quantity of adipokines. To summarize, oleic acid showed the strongest effect on adipogenesis. Furthermore, all of the examined fatty acids attenuated insulin signaling and secretion of cytokines and adipokines. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T16:14:05Z |
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| id | doaj.art-eae4c118ac994c39a63a6ca04a83e3b9 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4425 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T16:14:05Z |
| publishDate | 2020-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Genes |
| spelling | doaj.art-eae4c118ac994c39a63a6ca04a83e3b92023-11-20T14:16:23ZengMDPI AGGenes2073-44252020-09-01119109210.3390/genes11091092Metabolic Differences between Subcutaneous and Visceral Adipocytes Differentiated with an Excess of Saturated and Monounsaturated Fatty AcidsMałgorzata Małodobra-Mazur0Aneta Cierzniak1Dorota Pawełka2Krzysztof Kaliszewski3Jerzy Rudnicki4Tadeusz Dobosz5Institute of Forensic Medicine, Department of Molecular Techniques, Wroclaw Medical University, Sklodowskiej-Curie 52, 50-369 Wroclaw, PolandInstitute of Forensic Medicine, Department of Molecular Techniques, Wroclaw Medical University, Sklodowskiej-Curie 52, 50-369 Wroclaw, PolandDepartment and Division of Surgical Didactics, Wroclaw Medical University, M. Curie-Skłodowskiej 66, 50-369 Wrocław, PolandDepartment of General, Minimally Invasive and Endocrine Surgery, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 213, 50-556 Wroclaw, PolandDepartment of General, Minimally Invasive and Endocrine Surgery, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 213, 50-556 Wroclaw, PolandInstitute of Forensic Medicine, Department of Molecular Techniques, Wroclaw Medical University, Sklodowskiej-Curie 52, 50-369 Wroclaw, PolandObesity is a major health problem in highly industrialized countries. High-fat diet (HFD) is one of the most common causes of obesity and obesity-related disorders. There are considerable differences between fat depots and the corresponding risks of metabolic disorders. We investigated the various effects of an excess of fatty acids (palmitic 16:0, stearic 18:0, and oleic acids 18:1n−9) on adipogenesis of subcutaneous- and visceral-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and phenotypes of mature adipocytes. MSCs of white adipose tissue were acquired from adipose tissue biopsies obtained from subcutaneous and visceral fat depots from patients undergoing abdominal surgery. The MSCs were extracted and differentiated in vitro with the addition of fatty acids. Oleic acid stimulated adipogenesis, resulting in higher lipid content and larger adipocytes. Furthermore, oleic acid stimulated adipogenesis by increasing the expression of CCAAT enhancer binding protein β (<i>CEBPB</i>) and peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ (<i>PPARG</i>). All of the examined fatty acids attenuated the insulin-signaling pathway and radically reduced glucose uptake following insulin stimulation. Visceral adipose tissue was shown to be more prone to generate inflammatory stages. The subcutaneous adipose tissue secreted a greater quantity of adipokines. To summarize, oleic acid showed the strongest effect on adipogenesis. Furthermore, all of the examined fatty acids attenuated insulin signaling and secretion of cytokines and adipokines.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/11/9/1092adipogenesisinsulin signalingpalmitic acidoleic acidSATVAT |
| spellingShingle | Małgorzata Małodobra-Mazur Aneta Cierzniak Dorota Pawełka Krzysztof Kaliszewski Jerzy Rudnicki Tadeusz Dobosz Metabolic Differences between Subcutaneous and Visceral Adipocytes Differentiated with an Excess of Saturated and Monounsaturated Fatty Acids Genes adipogenesis insulin signaling palmitic acid oleic acid SAT VAT |
| title | Metabolic Differences between Subcutaneous and Visceral Adipocytes Differentiated with an Excess of Saturated and Monounsaturated Fatty Acids |
| title_full | Metabolic Differences between Subcutaneous and Visceral Adipocytes Differentiated with an Excess of Saturated and Monounsaturated Fatty Acids |
| title_fullStr | Metabolic Differences between Subcutaneous and Visceral Adipocytes Differentiated with an Excess of Saturated and Monounsaturated Fatty Acids |
| title_full_unstemmed | Metabolic Differences between Subcutaneous and Visceral Adipocytes Differentiated with an Excess of Saturated and Monounsaturated Fatty Acids |
| title_short | Metabolic Differences between Subcutaneous and Visceral Adipocytes Differentiated with an Excess of Saturated and Monounsaturated Fatty Acids |
| title_sort | metabolic differences between subcutaneous and visceral adipocytes differentiated with an excess of saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids |
| topic | adipogenesis insulin signaling palmitic acid oleic acid SAT VAT |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/11/9/1092 |
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