Does pain perception vary across the reproductive life or with the use of HRT in postmenopausal women?
Background: Recent clinical research has suggested that ovarian hormones may influence pain perception among women. Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) supplements exogenous ovarian hormones to postmenopausal women. Aims: This study was designed to see whether the pain perception, which was induc...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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JCDR Research and Publications Private Limited
2012-05-01
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| Series: | Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://jcdr.net/articles/PDF/1935/3573_E(C)_F(T)_PF(V)_PFA(A)_P(_).pdf |
| _version_ | 1818340539930509312 |
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| author | Shikha Gautam Nilima Shankar O.P.Tando Neerja Goel |
| author_facet | Shikha Gautam Nilima Shankar O.P.Tando Neerja Goel |
| author_sort | Shikha Gautam |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Recent clinical research has suggested that
ovarian hormones may influence pain perception among
women. Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) supplements
exogenous ovarian hormones to postmenopausal women.
Aims: This study was designed to see whether the pain
perception, which was induced by the cold pressor test, varied
with the gonadal hormone fluctuations of the menstrual cycle,
postmenopausal hormone depletion or HRT in postmenopausal
women.
Design: This study included 90 adult female subjects from
similar socio-economic backgrounds in 3 study groups, Group
1 (n=30): Pre-menopausal women in the age group of 30 to 45
years, Group 2 (n=30): Post-menopausal women in the age
group of 45 to 55 years and Group 3 (n=30): Post-menopausal
women in the age group of 45 to 55 years on HRT, who were
on oral HRT.
Methods: The pain perception was assessed by the cold
pressor test. Statistical Analysis: It was done by using SPSS13 for Windows and one-way ANOVA, followed by Tukey’s test
at a 5% level of significance.
Results: The pain threshold and pain tolerance was
significantly higher in post-menopausal women as compared
to the pre-menopausal women in the proliferative phase. In
pre-menopausal women, the pain threshold and pain tolerance
was significantly higher in the secretory phase as compared to
the proliferative phase. The pain threshold and pain tolerance
were significantly lower in post-menopausal women who were
on HRT as compared to the other post-menopausal women.
Conclusion: The present study provides evidence that the pain
responses vary across the reproductive cycle and with the use
of HRT in post-menopausal women. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-13T15:44:31Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-eaebd1d838724824bbc7f80f8e6bb869 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2249-782X 0973-709X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-13T15:44:31Z |
| publishDate | 2012-05-01 |
| publisher | JCDR Research and Publications Private Limited |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research |
| spelling | doaj.art-eaebd1d838724824bbc7f80f8e6bb8692022-12-21T23:39:45ZengJCDR Research and Publications Private LimitedJournal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research2249-782X0973-709X2012-05-0163339341Does pain perception vary across the reproductive life or with the use of HRT in postmenopausal women?Shikha Gautam0Nilima Shankar1O.P.Tando2Neerja Goel3Senior Demonstrator, Dept of Physiology UCMS & GTB Hospital, Dilshad Garden, Delhi – 110095, India.Professor, Dept of Physiology,UCMS & GTB Hospital, Dilshad Garden, Delhi – 110095, India. Professor, Dept of Physiology,UCMS & GTB Hospital, Dilshad Garden, Delhi – 110095, India.Professor, Dept of Gynaecology & Obstetrics, UCMS & GTB Hospital, Dilshad Garden, Delhi – 110095, India.Background: Recent clinical research has suggested that ovarian hormones may influence pain perception among women. Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) supplements exogenous ovarian hormones to postmenopausal women. Aims: This study was designed to see whether the pain perception, which was induced by the cold pressor test, varied with the gonadal hormone fluctuations of the menstrual cycle, postmenopausal hormone depletion or HRT in postmenopausal women. Design: This study included 90 adult female subjects from similar socio-economic backgrounds in 3 study groups, Group 1 (n=30): Pre-menopausal women in the age group of 30 to 45 years, Group 2 (n=30): Post-menopausal women in the age group of 45 to 55 years and Group 3 (n=30): Post-menopausal women in the age group of 45 to 55 years on HRT, who were on oral HRT. Methods: The pain perception was assessed by the cold pressor test. Statistical Analysis: It was done by using SPSS13 for Windows and one-way ANOVA, followed by Tukey’s test at a 5% level of significance. Results: The pain threshold and pain tolerance was significantly higher in post-menopausal women as compared to the pre-menopausal women in the proliferative phase. In pre-menopausal women, the pain threshold and pain tolerance was significantly higher in the secretory phase as compared to the proliferative phase. The pain threshold and pain tolerance were significantly lower in post-menopausal women who were on HRT as compared to the other post-menopausal women. Conclusion: The present study provides evidence that the pain responses vary across the reproductive cycle and with the use of HRT in post-menopausal women.https://jcdr.net/articles/PDF/1935/3573_E(C)_F(T)_PF(V)_PFA(A)_P(_).pdfpain perceptionovarian hormoneshormone replacement therapycold pressor testpost-menopausal womenpre-menopausal women |
| spellingShingle | Shikha Gautam Nilima Shankar O.P.Tando Neerja Goel Does pain perception vary across the reproductive life or with the use of HRT in postmenopausal women? Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research pain perception ovarian hormones hormone replacement therapy cold pressor test post-menopausal women pre-menopausal women |
| title | Does pain perception vary across the reproductive life or with the use of HRT in postmenopausal women? |
| title_full | Does pain perception vary across the reproductive life or with the use of HRT in postmenopausal women? |
| title_fullStr | Does pain perception vary across the reproductive life or with the use of HRT in postmenopausal women? |
| title_full_unstemmed | Does pain perception vary across the reproductive life or with the use of HRT in postmenopausal women? |
| title_short | Does pain perception vary across the reproductive life or with the use of HRT in postmenopausal women? |
| title_sort | does pain perception vary across the reproductive life or with the use of hrt in postmenopausal women |
| topic | pain perception ovarian hormones hormone replacement therapy cold pressor test post-menopausal women pre-menopausal women |
| url | https://jcdr.net/articles/PDF/1935/3573_E(C)_F(T)_PF(V)_PFA(A)_P(_).pdf |
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