Supplemental LED Lighting Improves Fruit Growth and Yield of Tomato Grown under the Sub-Optimal Lighting Condition of a Building Integrated Rooftop Greenhouse (i-RTG)
The metabolism of a building can be connected to a rooftop greenhouse, exchanging energy, water and CO<sub>2</sub> flows, therefore reducing emissions and recycling cultivation inputs. However, integrating a rooftop greenhouse onto a building requires the application of stringent safety...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-08-01
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| Series: | Horticulturae |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2311-7524/8/9/771 |
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| author | Elisa Appolloni Ivan Paucek Giuseppina Pennisi Gaia Stringari Xavier Gabarrell Durany Francesco Orsini Giorgio Gianquinto |
| author_facet | Elisa Appolloni Ivan Paucek Giuseppina Pennisi Gaia Stringari Xavier Gabarrell Durany Francesco Orsini Giorgio Gianquinto |
| author_sort | Elisa Appolloni |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The metabolism of a building can be connected to a rooftop greenhouse, exchanging energy, water and CO<sub>2</sub> flows, therefore reducing emissions and recycling cultivation inputs. However, integrating a rooftop greenhouse onto a building requires the application of stringent safety codes (e.g., fire, seismic codes), to strengthen and secure the structure with safety elements such as thick steel pillars or fireproof covering materials. These elements can shade the vegetation or reduce solar radiation entering the rooftop greenhouse. Nevertheless, application of additional LED light can help to overcome this constraint. The present study evaluated supplemental LED light application in an integrated rooftop greenhouse (i-RTG) at the ICTA-UAB research institute, located in Barcelona (Spain), for tomato cultivation (<i>Solanum lycopersicum</i> cv. Siranzo). The experiment explored the effects of three LED lighting treatments and a control cultivated under natural light only (CK). Applied treatments, added to natural sunlight, were: red and blue (RB), red and blue + far-red (FR) for the whole day, and red and blue + far-red at the end-of-day (EOD), each for 16 h d<sup>−1</sup> (8 a.m.–12 a.m.) with an intensity of 170 µmol m<sup>−2</sup> s<sup>−1</sup>. The results indicate that LED light increased the overall yield by 17% compared with CK plants. In particular, CK tomatoes were 9.3% lighter and 7.2% fewer as compared with tomatoes grown under LED treatments. Fruit ripening was also affected, with an increase of 35% red proximal fruit in LED-treated plants. In conclusion, LED light seems to positively affect the development and growth of tomatoes in building integrated agriculture in the Mediterranean area. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T23:52:06Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-eaf83a5f9a6d4d50bb32302ea6fb393e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2311-7524 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T23:52:06Z |
| publishDate | 2022-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Horticulturae |
| spelling | doaj.art-eaf83a5f9a6d4d50bb32302ea6fb393e2023-11-23T16:33:22ZengMDPI AGHorticulturae2311-75242022-08-018977110.3390/horticulturae8090771Supplemental LED Lighting Improves Fruit Growth and Yield of Tomato Grown under the Sub-Optimal Lighting Condition of a Building Integrated Rooftop Greenhouse (i-RTG)Elisa Appolloni0Ivan Paucek1Giuseppina Pennisi2Gaia Stringari3Xavier Gabarrell Durany4Francesco Orsini5Giorgio Gianquinto6Alma Mater Studiorum, DISTAL—Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, 48, Università di Bologna, 40127 Bologna, ItalyAlma Mater Studiorum, DISTAL—Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, 48, Università di Bologna, 40127 Bologna, ItalyAlma Mater Studiorum, DISTAL—Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, 48, Università di Bologna, 40127 Bologna, ItalyInstitut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals (ICTA-UAB), MdM Unit of Excellence (CEX2019-000940-M), Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering Department, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, SpainInstitut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals (ICTA-UAB), MdM Unit of Excellence (CEX2019-000940-M), Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering Department, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, SpainAlma Mater Studiorum, DISTAL—Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, 48, Università di Bologna, 40127 Bologna, ItalyAlma Mater Studiorum, DISTAL—Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, 48, Università di Bologna, 40127 Bologna, ItalyThe metabolism of a building can be connected to a rooftop greenhouse, exchanging energy, water and CO<sub>2</sub> flows, therefore reducing emissions and recycling cultivation inputs. However, integrating a rooftop greenhouse onto a building requires the application of stringent safety codes (e.g., fire, seismic codes), to strengthen and secure the structure with safety elements such as thick steel pillars or fireproof covering materials. These elements can shade the vegetation or reduce solar radiation entering the rooftop greenhouse. Nevertheless, application of additional LED light can help to overcome this constraint. The present study evaluated supplemental LED light application in an integrated rooftop greenhouse (i-RTG) at the ICTA-UAB research institute, located in Barcelona (Spain), for tomato cultivation (<i>Solanum lycopersicum</i> cv. Siranzo). The experiment explored the effects of three LED lighting treatments and a control cultivated under natural light only (CK). Applied treatments, added to natural sunlight, were: red and blue (RB), red and blue + far-red (FR) for the whole day, and red and blue + far-red at the end-of-day (EOD), each for 16 h d<sup>−1</sup> (8 a.m.–12 a.m.) with an intensity of 170 µmol m<sup>−2</sup> s<sup>−1</sup>. The results indicate that LED light increased the overall yield by 17% compared with CK plants. In particular, CK tomatoes were 9.3% lighter and 7.2% fewer as compared with tomatoes grown under LED treatments. Fruit ripening was also affected, with an increase of 35% red proximal fruit in LED-treated plants. In conclusion, LED light seems to positively affect the development and growth of tomatoes in building integrated agriculture in the Mediterranean area.https://www.mdpi.com/2311-7524/8/9/771light emitting dioderooftop greenhousebuilding-integrated agriculture<i>Solanum lycopersicum</i>chilling injury |
| spellingShingle | Elisa Appolloni Ivan Paucek Giuseppina Pennisi Gaia Stringari Xavier Gabarrell Durany Francesco Orsini Giorgio Gianquinto Supplemental LED Lighting Improves Fruit Growth and Yield of Tomato Grown under the Sub-Optimal Lighting Condition of a Building Integrated Rooftop Greenhouse (i-RTG) Horticulturae light emitting diode rooftop greenhouse building-integrated agriculture <i>Solanum lycopersicum</i> chilling injury |
| title | Supplemental LED Lighting Improves Fruit Growth and Yield of Tomato Grown under the Sub-Optimal Lighting Condition of a Building Integrated Rooftop Greenhouse (i-RTG) |
| title_full | Supplemental LED Lighting Improves Fruit Growth and Yield of Tomato Grown under the Sub-Optimal Lighting Condition of a Building Integrated Rooftop Greenhouse (i-RTG) |
| title_fullStr | Supplemental LED Lighting Improves Fruit Growth and Yield of Tomato Grown under the Sub-Optimal Lighting Condition of a Building Integrated Rooftop Greenhouse (i-RTG) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Supplemental LED Lighting Improves Fruit Growth and Yield of Tomato Grown under the Sub-Optimal Lighting Condition of a Building Integrated Rooftop Greenhouse (i-RTG) |
| title_short | Supplemental LED Lighting Improves Fruit Growth and Yield of Tomato Grown under the Sub-Optimal Lighting Condition of a Building Integrated Rooftop Greenhouse (i-RTG) |
| title_sort | supplemental led lighting improves fruit growth and yield of tomato grown under the sub optimal lighting condition of a building integrated rooftop greenhouse i rtg |
| topic | light emitting diode rooftop greenhouse building-integrated agriculture <i>Solanum lycopersicum</i> chilling injury |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2311-7524/8/9/771 |
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