The Dwarfing Effects of Different Plant Growth Retardants on <i>Magnolia wufengensis</i> L.Y. Ma et L. R. Wang
The effects of varieties, concentrations, and number of applications of plant growth retardants (PGRs) on the morphological, physiological, and endogenous hormones of <i>Magnolia wufengensis</i> L.Y. Ma et L. R. Wang were assessed to obtain the most suitable dwarfing protocol for <i&g...
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MDPI AG
2020-12-01
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| Series: | Forests |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/12/1/19 |
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| author | Xiaodeng Shi Siyu Chen Zhongkui Jia |
| author_facet | Xiaodeng Shi Siyu Chen Zhongkui Jia |
| author_sort | Xiaodeng Shi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The effects of varieties, concentrations, and number of applications of plant growth retardants (PGRs) on the morphological, physiological, and endogenous hormones of <i>Magnolia wufengensis</i> L.Y. Ma et L. R. Wang were assessed to obtain the most suitable dwarfing protocol for <i>M. wufengensis</i> and to provide theoretical support and technical guidance for the cultivation and promotion of this species. One-year-old <i>M. wufengensis</i> ‘Jiaohong No. 2’ grafted seedlings served as the experimental materials. In the first part of the experiment, three PGRs (uniconazole, paclobutrazol, prohexadione calcium), three concentrations (500, 1000, 1500 ppm), and three applications (one, three, and five applications) were applied in dwarfing experiments to perform L9 (3<sup>4</sup>) orthogonal tests. In the second part of the study, dwarfing experiments were supplemented with different high uniconazole concentrations (0, 1500, 2000, 2500 ppm). Spraying 1500 ppm uniconazole five times achieved the best <i>M. wufengensis</i> dwarfing effect, related indicators of <i>M. wufengensis</i> under this treatment were better than other treatment combinations. Here, <i>M. wufengensis</i> plant height, internode length, scion diameter, and node number were significantly reduced by 56.9%, 62.6%, 72.8%, and 74.4%, respectively, compared with the control group. This treatment increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity by 66.0%, peroxidase (POD) activity by 85.0%, soluble protein contents by 43.3%, and soluble sugar contents by 27.6%, and reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) contents by 32.1% in leaves of <i>M. wufengensis</i> compared with the control. The stress resistance of <i>M. wufengensis</i> was enhanced. The treatment also reduced gibberellin (GA<sub>3</sub>) levels by 73.0%, auxin (IAA) by 58.0%, and zeatin (ZT) by 70.6%, and increased (abscisic acid) ABA by 98.1% in the leaves of <i>M. wufengensis</i>. The uniconazole supplementation experiment also showed that 1500 ppm was the optimal uniconazole concentration. The leaves exhibited abnormalities such as crinkling or adhesion when 2000 or 2500 ppm was applied. Given the importance of morphological indicators and dwarfing for the ornamental value of <i>M. wufengensis</i>, the optimal dwarfing treatment for <i>M. wufengensis</i> was spraying 1500 ppm uniconazole five times. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T13:46:00Z |
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| language | English |
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| spelling | doaj.art-eb083f8c25d44001869eb96b57b948572023-11-21T02:39:18ZengMDPI AGForests1999-49072020-12-011211910.3390/f12010019The Dwarfing Effects of Different Plant Growth Retardants on <i>Magnolia wufengensis</i> L.Y. Ma et L. R. WangXiaodeng Shi0Siyu Chen1Zhongkui Jia2Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of the Ministry of Education, College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, ChinaKey Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of the Ministry of Education, College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, ChinaKey Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of the Ministry of Education, College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, ChinaThe effects of varieties, concentrations, and number of applications of plant growth retardants (PGRs) on the morphological, physiological, and endogenous hormones of <i>Magnolia wufengensis</i> L.Y. Ma et L. R. Wang were assessed to obtain the most suitable dwarfing protocol for <i>M. wufengensis</i> and to provide theoretical support and technical guidance for the cultivation and promotion of this species. One-year-old <i>M. wufengensis</i> ‘Jiaohong No. 2’ grafted seedlings served as the experimental materials. In the first part of the experiment, three PGRs (uniconazole, paclobutrazol, prohexadione calcium), three concentrations (500, 1000, 1500 ppm), and three applications (one, three, and five applications) were applied in dwarfing experiments to perform L9 (3<sup>4</sup>) orthogonal tests. In the second part of the study, dwarfing experiments were supplemented with different high uniconazole concentrations (0, 1500, 2000, 2500 ppm). Spraying 1500 ppm uniconazole five times achieved the best <i>M. wufengensis</i> dwarfing effect, related indicators of <i>M. wufengensis</i> under this treatment were better than other treatment combinations. Here, <i>M. wufengensis</i> plant height, internode length, scion diameter, and node number were significantly reduced by 56.9%, 62.6%, 72.8%, and 74.4%, respectively, compared with the control group. This treatment increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity by 66.0%, peroxidase (POD) activity by 85.0%, soluble protein contents by 43.3%, and soluble sugar contents by 27.6%, and reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) contents by 32.1% in leaves of <i>M. wufengensis</i> compared with the control. The stress resistance of <i>M. wufengensis</i> was enhanced. The treatment also reduced gibberellin (GA<sub>3</sub>) levels by 73.0%, auxin (IAA) by 58.0%, and zeatin (ZT) by 70.6%, and increased (abscisic acid) ABA by 98.1% in the leaves of <i>M. wufengensis</i>. The uniconazole supplementation experiment also showed that 1500 ppm was the optimal uniconazole concentration. The leaves exhibited abnormalities such as crinkling or adhesion when 2000 or 2500 ppm was applied. Given the importance of morphological indicators and dwarfing for the ornamental value of <i>M. wufengensis</i>, the optimal dwarfing treatment for <i>M. wufengensis</i> was spraying 1500 ppm uniconazole five times.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/12/1/19<i>Magnolia wufengensis</i>dwarfplant growth retardantendogenous hormonesmorphologyphysiology |
| spellingShingle | Xiaodeng Shi Siyu Chen Zhongkui Jia The Dwarfing Effects of Different Plant Growth Retardants on <i>Magnolia wufengensis</i> L.Y. Ma et L. R. Wang Forests <i>Magnolia wufengensis</i> dwarf plant growth retardant endogenous hormones morphology physiology |
| title | The Dwarfing Effects of Different Plant Growth Retardants on <i>Magnolia wufengensis</i> L.Y. Ma et L. R. Wang |
| title_full | The Dwarfing Effects of Different Plant Growth Retardants on <i>Magnolia wufengensis</i> L.Y. Ma et L. R. Wang |
| title_fullStr | The Dwarfing Effects of Different Plant Growth Retardants on <i>Magnolia wufengensis</i> L.Y. Ma et L. R. Wang |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Dwarfing Effects of Different Plant Growth Retardants on <i>Magnolia wufengensis</i> L.Y. Ma et L. R. Wang |
| title_short | The Dwarfing Effects of Different Plant Growth Retardants on <i>Magnolia wufengensis</i> L.Y. Ma et L. R. Wang |
| title_sort | dwarfing effects of different plant growth retardants on i magnolia wufengensis i l y ma et l r wang |
| topic | <i>Magnolia wufengensis</i> dwarf plant growth retardant endogenous hormones morphology physiology |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/12/1/19 |
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