Development of Cellular and Enzymatic Bioluminescent Assay Systems to Study Low-Dose Effects of Thorium
Thorium is one of the most widespread radioactive elements in natural ecosystems, along with uranium, it is the most important source of nuclear energy. However, the effects of thorium on living organisms have not been thoroughly studied. Marine luminescent bacteria and their enzymes are optimal bio...
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MDPI AG
2021-11-01
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| Series: | Bioengineering |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2306-5354/8/12/194 |
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| author | Olga V. Kolesnik Tatiana V. Rozhko Maria A. Lapina Vladislav S. Solovyev Anna S. Sachkova Nadezhda S. Kudryasheva |
| author_facet | Olga V. Kolesnik Tatiana V. Rozhko Maria A. Lapina Vladislav S. Solovyev Anna S. Sachkova Nadezhda S. Kudryasheva |
| author_sort | Olga V. Kolesnik |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Thorium is one of the most widespread radioactive elements in natural ecosystems, along with uranium, it is the most important source of nuclear energy. However, the effects of thorium on living organisms have not been thoroughly studied. Marine luminescent bacteria and their enzymes are optimal bioassays for studying low-dose thorium exposures. Luminescent bioassays provide a quantitative measure of toxicity and are characterized by high rates, sensitivity, and simplicity. It is known that the metabolic activity of bacteria is associated with the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). We studied the effects of thorium-232 (10<sup>−11</sup>–10<sup>−3</sup> M) on <i>Photobacterium phosphoreum</i> and bacterial enzymatic reactions; kinetics of bacterial bioluminescence and ROS content were investigated in both systems. Bioluminescence activation was revealed under low-dose exposures (<0.1 Gy) and discussed in terms of “radiation hormesis”. The activation was accompanied by an intensification of the oxidation of a low-molecular reducer, NADH, during the enzymatic processes. Negative correlations were found between the intensity of bioluminescence and the content of ROS in bacteria and enzyme systems; an active role of ROS in the low-dose activation by thorium was discussed. The results contribute to radioecological potential of bioluminescence techniques adapted to study low-intensity radioactive exposures. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T04:35:13Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-eb1756d6cba44a04a861a4c0f40b55a7 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2306-5354 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T04:35:13Z |
| publishDate | 2021-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Bioengineering |
| spelling | doaj.art-eb1756d6cba44a04a861a4c0f40b55a72023-11-23T03:52:08ZengMDPI AGBioengineering2306-53542021-11-0181219410.3390/bioengineering8120194Development of Cellular and Enzymatic Bioluminescent Assay Systems to Study Low-Dose Effects of ThoriumOlga V. Kolesnik0Tatiana V. Rozhko1Maria A. Lapina2Vladislav S. Solovyev3Anna S. Sachkova4Nadezhda S. Kudryasheva5Federal Research Center ‘Krasnoyarsk Science Center SB RAS’, Institute of Biophysics SB RAS, 660036 Krasnoyarsk, RussiaKrasnoyarsk State Medical Academy, 660022 Krasnoyarsk, RussiaBiophysics Department, Siberian Federal University, 660041 Krasnoyarsk, RussiaNational Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, RussiaNational Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, RussiaFederal Research Center ‘Krasnoyarsk Science Center SB RAS’, Institute of Biophysics SB RAS, 660036 Krasnoyarsk, RussiaThorium is one of the most widespread radioactive elements in natural ecosystems, along with uranium, it is the most important source of nuclear energy. However, the effects of thorium on living organisms have not been thoroughly studied. Marine luminescent bacteria and their enzymes are optimal bioassays for studying low-dose thorium exposures. Luminescent bioassays provide a quantitative measure of toxicity and are characterized by high rates, sensitivity, and simplicity. It is known that the metabolic activity of bacteria is associated with the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). We studied the effects of thorium-232 (10<sup>−11</sup>–10<sup>−3</sup> M) on <i>Photobacterium phosphoreum</i> and bacterial enzymatic reactions; kinetics of bacterial bioluminescence and ROS content were investigated in both systems. Bioluminescence activation was revealed under low-dose exposures (<0.1 Gy) and discussed in terms of “radiation hormesis”. The activation was accompanied by an intensification of the oxidation of a low-molecular reducer, NADH, during the enzymatic processes. Negative correlations were found between the intensity of bioluminescence and the content of ROS in bacteria and enzyme systems; an active role of ROS in the low-dose activation by thorium was discussed. The results contribute to radioecological potential of bioluminescence techniques adapted to study low-intensity radioactive exposures.https://www.mdpi.com/2306-5354/8/12/194bioassaybioluminescenceluminous bacteriaenzymesreactive oxygen speciesthorium |
| spellingShingle | Olga V. Kolesnik Tatiana V. Rozhko Maria A. Lapina Vladislav S. Solovyev Anna S. Sachkova Nadezhda S. Kudryasheva Development of Cellular and Enzymatic Bioluminescent Assay Systems to Study Low-Dose Effects of Thorium Bioengineering bioassay bioluminescence luminous bacteria enzymes reactive oxygen species thorium |
| title | Development of Cellular and Enzymatic Bioluminescent Assay Systems to Study Low-Dose Effects of Thorium |
| title_full | Development of Cellular and Enzymatic Bioluminescent Assay Systems to Study Low-Dose Effects of Thorium |
| title_fullStr | Development of Cellular and Enzymatic Bioluminescent Assay Systems to Study Low-Dose Effects of Thorium |
| title_full_unstemmed | Development of Cellular and Enzymatic Bioluminescent Assay Systems to Study Low-Dose Effects of Thorium |
| title_short | Development of Cellular and Enzymatic Bioluminescent Assay Systems to Study Low-Dose Effects of Thorium |
| title_sort | development of cellular and enzymatic bioluminescent assay systems to study low dose effects of thorium |
| topic | bioassay bioluminescence luminous bacteria enzymes reactive oxygen species thorium |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2306-5354/8/12/194 |
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