Evaluation of Anti-Diarrheal Activity of 80% Methanol Extracts of Vernonia amygdalina Delile (Asteraceae) Leaves in Mice
Biruk Mosisa Gudeta,1 Getu Melesie Taye,1 Teferra Abula,2 Diriba Alemayehu Gadisa1 1Department of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ambo University, Ambo, Ethiopia; 2Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, EthiopiaCorrespondence: Biruk Mo...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Dove Medical Press
2020-11-01
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| Series: | Journal of Experimental Pharmacology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.dovepress.com/evaluation-of-anti-diarrheal-activity-of-80-methanol-extracts-of-verno-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-JEP |
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| author | Mosisa Gudeta B Melesie Taye G Abula T Alemayehu Gadisa D |
| author_facet | Mosisa Gudeta B Melesie Taye G Abula T Alemayehu Gadisa D |
| author_sort | Mosisa Gudeta B |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Biruk Mosisa Gudeta,1 Getu Melesie Taye,1 Teferra Abula,2 Diriba Alemayehu Gadisa1 1Department of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ambo University, Ambo, Ethiopia; 2Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, EthiopiaCorrespondence: Biruk Mosisa Gudeta; Getu Melesie TayeDepartment of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ambo University, P.O. Box: 19, Ambo, EthiopiaEmail mail2bruke@gmail.com; getumelese17@gmail.comIntroduction: Diarrhea is a cause of morbidity and mortality, especially in children. Patients with diarrhea have been suffering from limited treatment options due to poor drug tolerance, side effect, and multi-drug resistance to almost all the current drug treatments. Therefore, it is important to search for a new therapeutic medicine that can effectively prevent the disease and safe. Vernonia amygdalina is an indigenous medicinal plant used traditionally for the treatment of diarrhea in Ethiopia. The aim of this study was therefore to confirm the antidiarrheal activities of 80% methanol leaves extract using mice models.Materials and Methods: The antidiarrheal activities of the 80% methanol leaves extract were investigated using castor oil-induced diarrhea, intestinal motility, and enteropooling models in mice. The negative control received distilled water orally, the test groups received three dose levels (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg) of the plant materials, and the positive control is given 3 mg/kg Loperamide orally.Results: In the castor oil-induced diarrheal model, the extract delayed onset of diarrhea and reduced fecal parameters at all tested doses significantly as compared with the negative control. Results from the charcoal meal test revealed that the extract produced a significant anti-motility effect at all tested doses as compared with the negative control. In the enteropooling test, the extract produced a significant decline in the volume and weight of intestinal contents. The observed antidiarrheal activity could be associated with the phytochemicals present in this plant extract. It was also observed that the extracts have shown no acute toxicity at a dose of 2 g/kg.Conclusion: This study provides the antidiarrheal activity of the crude extract in all three models. Hence, the findings provide scientific support for the traditional use of Vernonia amygdalina leaves as treatment of diarrhea.Keywords: antidiarrheal activity, castor oil-induced diarrhea, mice, Vernonia amygdalina |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-18T00:04:11Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-eb2e4d6c39524dd4aeeb6af73e05c388 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1179-1454 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-18T00:04:11Z |
| publishDate | 2020-11-01 |
| publisher | Dove Medical Press |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Experimental Pharmacology |
| spelling | doaj.art-eb2e4d6c39524dd4aeeb6af73e05c3882022-12-21T21:27:52ZengDove Medical PressJournal of Experimental Pharmacology1179-14542020-11-01Volume 1245546258959Evaluation of Anti-Diarrheal Activity of 80% Methanol Extracts of Vernonia amygdalina Delile (Asteraceae) Leaves in MiceMosisa Gudeta BMelesie Taye GAbula TAlemayehu Gadisa DBiruk Mosisa Gudeta,1 Getu Melesie Taye,1 Teferra Abula,2 Diriba Alemayehu Gadisa1 1Department of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ambo University, Ambo, Ethiopia; 2Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, EthiopiaCorrespondence: Biruk Mosisa Gudeta; Getu Melesie TayeDepartment of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ambo University, P.O. Box: 19, Ambo, EthiopiaEmail mail2bruke@gmail.com; getumelese17@gmail.comIntroduction: Diarrhea is a cause of morbidity and mortality, especially in children. Patients with diarrhea have been suffering from limited treatment options due to poor drug tolerance, side effect, and multi-drug resistance to almost all the current drug treatments. Therefore, it is important to search for a new therapeutic medicine that can effectively prevent the disease and safe. Vernonia amygdalina is an indigenous medicinal plant used traditionally for the treatment of diarrhea in Ethiopia. The aim of this study was therefore to confirm the antidiarrheal activities of 80% methanol leaves extract using mice models.Materials and Methods: The antidiarrheal activities of the 80% methanol leaves extract were investigated using castor oil-induced diarrhea, intestinal motility, and enteropooling models in mice. The negative control received distilled water orally, the test groups received three dose levels (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg) of the plant materials, and the positive control is given 3 mg/kg Loperamide orally.Results: In the castor oil-induced diarrheal model, the extract delayed onset of diarrhea and reduced fecal parameters at all tested doses significantly as compared with the negative control. Results from the charcoal meal test revealed that the extract produced a significant anti-motility effect at all tested doses as compared with the negative control. In the enteropooling test, the extract produced a significant decline in the volume and weight of intestinal contents. The observed antidiarrheal activity could be associated with the phytochemicals present in this plant extract. It was also observed that the extracts have shown no acute toxicity at a dose of 2 g/kg.Conclusion: This study provides the antidiarrheal activity of the crude extract in all three models. Hence, the findings provide scientific support for the traditional use of Vernonia amygdalina leaves as treatment of diarrhea.Keywords: antidiarrheal activity, castor oil-induced diarrhea, mice, Vernonia amygdalinahttps://www.dovepress.com/evaluation-of-anti-diarrheal-activity-of-80-methanol-extracts-of-verno-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-JEPantidiarrheal activitycastor oil─induced diarrheamicevernonia amygdalina |
| spellingShingle | Mosisa Gudeta B Melesie Taye G Abula T Alemayehu Gadisa D Evaluation of Anti-Diarrheal Activity of 80% Methanol Extracts of Vernonia amygdalina Delile (Asteraceae) Leaves in Mice Journal of Experimental Pharmacology antidiarrheal activity castor oil─induced diarrhea mice vernonia amygdalina |
| title | Evaluation of Anti-Diarrheal Activity of 80% Methanol Extracts of Vernonia amygdalina Delile (Asteraceae) Leaves in Mice |
| title_full | Evaluation of Anti-Diarrheal Activity of 80% Methanol Extracts of Vernonia amygdalina Delile (Asteraceae) Leaves in Mice |
| title_fullStr | Evaluation of Anti-Diarrheal Activity of 80% Methanol Extracts of Vernonia amygdalina Delile (Asteraceae) Leaves in Mice |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evaluation of Anti-Diarrheal Activity of 80% Methanol Extracts of Vernonia amygdalina Delile (Asteraceae) Leaves in Mice |
| title_short | Evaluation of Anti-Diarrheal Activity of 80% Methanol Extracts of Vernonia amygdalina Delile (Asteraceae) Leaves in Mice |
| title_sort | evaluation of anti diarrheal activity of 80 methanol extracts of vernonia amygdalina delile asteraceae leaves in mice |
| topic | antidiarrheal activity castor oil─induced diarrhea mice vernonia amygdalina |
| url | https://www.dovepress.com/evaluation-of-anti-diarrheal-activity-of-80-methanol-extracts-of-verno-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-JEP |
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