Somatostatin-Dopamine Chimeric Molecules in Neuroendocrine Neoplasms

Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) are a widely heterogeneous family of neoplasms arising from neuroendocrine cells, which are interspersed throughout the body. Despite NENs are relatively rare, their incidence and prevalence are constantly increasing probably due to the improvement in earlier diagnosi...

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Main Authors: Maria Celeste Cantone, Alessandra Dicitore, Giovanni Vitale
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2021-02-01
Series:Journal of Clinical Medicine
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/10/3/501
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author Maria Celeste Cantone
Alessandra Dicitore
Giovanni Vitale
author_facet Maria Celeste Cantone
Alessandra Dicitore
Giovanni Vitale
author_sort Maria Celeste Cantone
collection DOAJ
description Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) are a widely heterogeneous family of neoplasms arising from neuroendocrine cells, which are interspersed throughout the body. Despite NENs are relatively rare, their incidence and prevalence are constantly increasing probably due to the improvement in earlier diagnosis and patients’ management. When surgery is not curative, particularly for patients with metastatic disease, several medical options are available. Somatostatin analogues (SSA) are the first-line medical therapy for well-differentiated NENs. Interestingly, the heterodimerization of somatostatin receptors (<i>SST</i>s) with dopamine receptors (DRs) has been discovered in NENs. This phenomenon results in hybrid receptors with enhanced functional activity. On these bases, chimeric molecules embracing somatostatin and dopamine features have been recently developed. The aim of this review is to provide a comprehensive overview of the available preclinical and clinical data regarding chimeric somatostatin-dopamine agonists as a new class of “magic bullet” in the therapy of NENs.
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spelling doaj.art-eb3595e78f3f4b45aeea29556c795ad52023-12-03T11:52:42ZengMDPI AGJournal of Clinical Medicine2077-03832021-02-0110350110.3390/jcm10030501Somatostatin-Dopamine Chimeric Molecules in Neuroendocrine NeoplasmsMaria Celeste Cantone0Alessandra Dicitore1Giovanni Vitale2Department of Medical Biotechnologies and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, 20129 Milan, ItalyIRCCS, Laboratory of Geriatric and Oncologic Neuroendocrinology Research, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, 20095 Cusano Milanino, ItalyDepartment of Medical Biotechnologies and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, 20129 Milan, ItalyNeuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) are a widely heterogeneous family of neoplasms arising from neuroendocrine cells, which are interspersed throughout the body. Despite NENs are relatively rare, their incidence and prevalence are constantly increasing probably due to the improvement in earlier diagnosis and patients’ management. When surgery is not curative, particularly for patients with metastatic disease, several medical options are available. Somatostatin analogues (SSA) are the first-line medical therapy for well-differentiated NENs. Interestingly, the heterodimerization of somatostatin receptors (<i>SST</i>s) with dopamine receptors (DRs) has been discovered in NENs. This phenomenon results in hybrid receptors with enhanced functional activity. On these bases, chimeric molecules embracing somatostatin and dopamine features have been recently developed. The aim of this review is to provide a comprehensive overview of the available preclinical and clinical data regarding chimeric somatostatin-dopamine agonists as a new class of “magic bullet” in the therapy of NENs.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/10/3/501neuroendocrine neoplasmssomatostatin receptorsdopamine receptorssomatostatin-dopamine chimeric compounds
spellingShingle Maria Celeste Cantone
Alessandra Dicitore
Giovanni Vitale
Somatostatin-Dopamine Chimeric Molecules in Neuroendocrine Neoplasms
Journal of Clinical Medicine
neuroendocrine neoplasms
somatostatin receptors
dopamine receptors
somatostatin-dopamine chimeric compounds
title Somatostatin-Dopamine Chimeric Molecules in Neuroendocrine Neoplasms
title_full Somatostatin-Dopamine Chimeric Molecules in Neuroendocrine Neoplasms
title_fullStr Somatostatin-Dopamine Chimeric Molecules in Neuroendocrine Neoplasms
title_full_unstemmed Somatostatin-Dopamine Chimeric Molecules in Neuroendocrine Neoplasms
title_short Somatostatin-Dopamine Chimeric Molecules in Neuroendocrine Neoplasms
title_sort somatostatin dopamine chimeric molecules in neuroendocrine neoplasms
topic neuroendocrine neoplasms
somatostatin receptors
dopamine receptors
somatostatin-dopamine chimeric compounds
url https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/10/3/501
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AT alessandradicitore somatostatindopaminechimericmoleculesinneuroendocrineneoplasms
AT giovannivitale somatostatindopaminechimericmoleculesinneuroendocrineneoplasms