Somatostatin-Dopamine Chimeric Molecules in Neuroendocrine Neoplasms
Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) are a widely heterogeneous family of neoplasms arising from neuroendocrine cells, which are interspersed throughout the body. Despite NENs are relatively rare, their incidence and prevalence are constantly increasing probably due to the improvement in earlier diagnosi...
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MDPI AG
2021-02-01
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author | Maria Celeste Cantone Alessandra Dicitore Giovanni Vitale |
author_facet | Maria Celeste Cantone Alessandra Dicitore Giovanni Vitale |
author_sort | Maria Celeste Cantone |
collection | DOAJ |
description | Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) are a widely heterogeneous family of neoplasms arising from neuroendocrine cells, which are interspersed throughout the body. Despite NENs are relatively rare, their incidence and prevalence are constantly increasing probably due to the improvement in earlier diagnosis and patients’ management. When surgery is not curative, particularly for patients with metastatic disease, several medical options are available. Somatostatin analogues (SSA) are the first-line medical therapy for well-differentiated NENs. Interestingly, the heterodimerization of somatostatin receptors (<i>SST</i>s) with dopamine receptors (DRs) has been discovered in NENs. This phenomenon results in hybrid receptors with enhanced functional activity. On these bases, chimeric molecules embracing somatostatin and dopamine features have been recently developed. The aim of this review is to provide a comprehensive overview of the available preclinical and clinical data regarding chimeric somatostatin-dopamine agonists as a new class of “magic bullet” in the therapy of NENs. |
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language | English |
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spelling | doaj.art-eb3595e78f3f4b45aeea29556c795ad52023-12-03T11:52:42ZengMDPI AGJournal of Clinical Medicine2077-03832021-02-0110350110.3390/jcm10030501Somatostatin-Dopamine Chimeric Molecules in Neuroendocrine NeoplasmsMaria Celeste Cantone0Alessandra Dicitore1Giovanni Vitale2Department of Medical Biotechnologies and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, 20129 Milan, ItalyIRCCS, Laboratory of Geriatric and Oncologic Neuroendocrinology Research, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, 20095 Cusano Milanino, ItalyDepartment of Medical Biotechnologies and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, 20129 Milan, ItalyNeuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) are a widely heterogeneous family of neoplasms arising from neuroendocrine cells, which are interspersed throughout the body. Despite NENs are relatively rare, their incidence and prevalence are constantly increasing probably due to the improvement in earlier diagnosis and patients’ management. When surgery is not curative, particularly for patients with metastatic disease, several medical options are available. Somatostatin analogues (SSA) are the first-line medical therapy for well-differentiated NENs. Interestingly, the heterodimerization of somatostatin receptors (<i>SST</i>s) with dopamine receptors (DRs) has been discovered in NENs. This phenomenon results in hybrid receptors with enhanced functional activity. On these bases, chimeric molecules embracing somatostatin and dopamine features have been recently developed. The aim of this review is to provide a comprehensive overview of the available preclinical and clinical data regarding chimeric somatostatin-dopamine agonists as a new class of “magic bullet” in the therapy of NENs.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/10/3/501neuroendocrine neoplasmssomatostatin receptorsdopamine receptorssomatostatin-dopamine chimeric compounds |
spellingShingle | Maria Celeste Cantone Alessandra Dicitore Giovanni Vitale Somatostatin-Dopamine Chimeric Molecules in Neuroendocrine Neoplasms Journal of Clinical Medicine neuroendocrine neoplasms somatostatin receptors dopamine receptors somatostatin-dopamine chimeric compounds |
title | Somatostatin-Dopamine Chimeric Molecules in Neuroendocrine Neoplasms |
title_full | Somatostatin-Dopamine Chimeric Molecules in Neuroendocrine Neoplasms |
title_fullStr | Somatostatin-Dopamine Chimeric Molecules in Neuroendocrine Neoplasms |
title_full_unstemmed | Somatostatin-Dopamine Chimeric Molecules in Neuroendocrine Neoplasms |
title_short | Somatostatin-Dopamine Chimeric Molecules in Neuroendocrine Neoplasms |
title_sort | somatostatin dopamine chimeric molecules in neuroendocrine neoplasms |
topic | neuroendocrine neoplasms somatostatin receptors dopamine receptors somatostatin-dopamine chimeric compounds |
url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/10/3/501 |
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