Amygdala neurocircuitry at the interface between emotional regulation and narcolepsy with cataplexy
Narcolepsy is a sleep disorder characterized by chronic and excessive daytime sleepiness, and sudden intrusion of sleep during wakefulness that can fall into two categories: type 1 and type 2. Type 1 narcolepsy in humans is widely believed to be caused as a result of loss of neurons in the brain tha...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2023-04-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Neuroscience |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnins.2023.1152594/full |
| _version_ | 1827946021774163968 |
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| author | Haniyyah Sardar Haniyyah Sardar Haniyyah Sardar Andrea N. Goldstein-Piekarski Andrea N. Goldstein-Piekarski Andrea N. Goldstein-Piekarski William J. Giardino William J. Giardino William J. Giardino |
| author_facet | Haniyyah Sardar Haniyyah Sardar Haniyyah Sardar Andrea N. Goldstein-Piekarski Andrea N. Goldstein-Piekarski Andrea N. Goldstein-Piekarski William J. Giardino William J. Giardino William J. Giardino |
| author_sort | Haniyyah Sardar |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Narcolepsy is a sleep disorder characterized by chronic and excessive daytime sleepiness, and sudden intrusion of sleep during wakefulness that can fall into two categories: type 1 and type 2. Type 1 narcolepsy in humans is widely believed to be caused as a result of loss of neurons in the brain that contain the key arousal neuropeptide Orexin (Orx; also known as Hypocretin). Patients with type 1 narcolepsy often also present with cataplexy, the sudden paralysis of voluntary muscles which is triggered by strong emotions (e.g., laughter in humans, social play in dogs, and chocolate in rodents). The amygdala is a crucial emotion-processing center of the brain; however, little is known about the role of the amygdala in sleep/wake and narcolepsy with cataplexy. A collection of reports across human functional neuroimaging analyses and rodent behavioral paradigms points toward the amygdala as a critical node linking emotional regulation to cataplexy. Here, we review the existing evidence suggesting a functional role for the amygdala network in narcolepsy, and build upon a framework that describes relevant contributions from the central nucleus of the amygdala (CeA), basolateral amygdala (BLA), and the extended amygdala, including the bed nucleus of stria terminalis (BNST). We propose that detailed examinations of amygdala neurocircuitry controlling transitions between emotional arousal states may substantially advance progress in understanding the etiology of narcolepsy with cataplexy, leading to enhanced treatment opportunities. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-13T10:51:44Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-eb3badddbc654cdfa98bf57afbbe8a9f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1662-453X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-13T10:51:44Z |
| publishDate | 2023-04-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Neuroscience |
| spelling | doaj.art-eb3badddbc654cdfa98bf57afbbe8a9f2023-05-17T12:36:23ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Neuroscience1662-453X2023-04-011710.3389/fnins.2023.11525941152594Amygdala neurocircuitry at the interface between emotional regulation and narcolepsy with cataplexyHaniyyah Sardar0Haniyyah Sardar1Haniyyah Sardar2Andrea N. Goldstein-Piekarski3Andrea N. Goldstein-Piekarski4Andrea N. Goldstein-Piekarski5William J. Giardino6William J. Giardino7William J. Giardino8Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United StatesCenter for Sleep and Circadian Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United StatesWu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United StatesDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United StatesCenter for Sleep and Circadian Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United StatesWu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United StatesDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United StatesCenter for Sleep and Circadian Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United StatesWu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United StatesNarcolepsy is a sleep disorder characterized by chronic and excessive daytime sleepiness, and sudden intrusion of sleep during wakefulness that can fall into two categories: type 1 and type 2. Type 1 narcolepsy in humans is widely believed to be caused as a result of loss of neurons in the brain that contain the key arousal neuropeptide Orexin (Orx; also known as Hypocretin). Patients with type 1 narcolepsy often also present with cataplexy, the sudden paralysis of voluntary muscles which is triggered by strong emotions (e.g., laughter in humans, social play in dogs, and chocolate in rodents). The amygdala is a crucial emotion-processing center of the brain; however, little is known about the role of the amygdala in sleep/wake and narcolepsy with cataplexy. A collection of reports across human functional neuroimaging analyses and rodent behavioral paradigms points toward the amygdala as a critical node linking emotional regulation to cataplexy. Here, we review the existing evidence suggesting a functional role for the amygdala network in narcolepsy, and build upon a framework that describes relevant contributions from the central nucleus of the amygdala (CeA), basolateral amygdala (BLA), and the extended amygdala, including the bed nucleus of stria terminalis (BNST). We propose that detailed examinations of amygdala neurocircuitry controlling transitions between emotional arousal states may substantially advance progress in understanding the etiology of narcolepsy with cataplexy, leading to enhanced treatment opportunities.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnins.2023.1152594/fullamygdalaextended amygdalanarcolepsycataplexysleeporexin |
| spellingShingle | Haniyyah Sardar Haniyyah Sardar Haniyyah Sardar Andrea N. Goldstein-Piekarski Andrea N. Goldstein-Piekarski Andrea N. Goldstein-Piekarski William J. Giardino William J. Giardino William J. Giardino Amygdala neurocircuitry at the interface between emotional regulation and narcolepsy with cataplexy Frontiers in Neuroscience amygdala extended amygdala narcolepsy cataplexy sleep orexin |
| title | Amygdala neurocircuitry at the interface between emotional regulation and narcolepsy with cataplexy |
| title_full | Amygdala neurocircuitry at the interface between emotional regulation and narcolepsy with cataplexy |
| title_fullStr | Amygdala neurocircuitry at the interface between emotional regulation and narcolepsy with cataplexy |
| title_full_unstemmed | Amygdala neurocircuitry at the interface between emotional regulation and narcolepsy with cataplexy |
| title_short | Amygdala neurocircuitry at the interface between emotional regulation and narcolepsy with cataplexy |
| title_sort | amygdala neurocircuitry at the interface between emotional regulation and narcolepsy with cataplexy |
| topic | amygdala extended amygdala narcolepsy cataplexy sleep orexin |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnins.2023.1152594/full |
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