RNA interference reveals the escape response mechanism of Paramecium to mechanical stimulation
In Paramecium, a mechanical stimulus applied to the posterior portion of the cell causes a transient increase in membrane permeability to potassium ions, transiently rendering the membrane in a hyperpolarized state. Hyperpolarization causes a transient increase in Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAM...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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The Biophysical Society of Japan
2023-06-01
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| Series: | Biophysics and Physicobiology |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.2142/biophysico.bppb-v20.0025 |
| _version_ | 1797797099957387264 |
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| author | Manabu Hori Takashi Tominaga Masaki Ishida Mutsumi Kawano |
| author_facet | Manabu Hori Takashi Tominaga Masaki Ishida Mutsumi Kawano |
| author_sort | Manabu Hori |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In Paramecium, a mechanical stimulus applied to the posterior portion of the cell causes a transient increase in membrane permeability to potassium ions, transiently rendering the membrane in a hyperpolarized state. Hyperpolarization causes a transient increase in Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) concentration in the cilia, resulting in a transient fast-forward swimming of the cell. Schultz and coworkers (1992) reported that a unique adenylate cyclase (AC)-coupled potassium channel is involved in the reaction underlying this response, which is known as the “escape response.” However, the AC responsible for this reaction remains to be identified. Moreover, the molecular linkage between mechanoreception and AC activation has not been elucidated adequately. Currently, we can perform an efficient and simple gene-knockdown technique in Paramecium using RNA interference (RNAi). Paramecium is one of the several model organisms for which whole-genome sequences have been elucidated. The RNAi technique can be applied to whole genome sequences derived from the Paramecium database (ParameciumDB) to investigate the types of proteins that elicit specific biological responses and compare them with those of other model organisms. In this review, we describe the applications of the RNAi technique in elucidating the molecular mechanism underlying the escape response and identifying the AC involved in this reaction. The findings of this study highlight the advantages of the RNAi technique and ParameciumDB. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-13T03:43:04Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-eb4cf64e04c447ac9f0a223c128865a6 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2189-4779 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-13T03:43:04Z |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
| publisher | The Biophysical Society of Japan |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biophysics and Physicobiology |
| spelling | doaj.art-eb4cf64e04c447ac9f0a223c128865a62023-06-23T05:17:49ZengThe Biophysical Society of JapanBiophysics and Physicobiology2189-47792023-06-012010.2142/biophysico.bppb-v20.0025RNA interference reveals the escape response mechanism of Paramecium to mechanical stimulationManabu Hori0Takashi Tominaga1Masaki Ishida2Mutsumi Kawano3Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi 753-8512, JapanInstitute of Neuroscience, Tokushima Bunri University, Sanuki, Kagawa 769-2193, JapanSchool of Science Education, Nara University of Education, Nara 630-8528, JapanDepartment of Biology, Faculty of Science, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi 753-8512, JapanIn Paramecium, a mechanical stimulus applied to the posterior portion of the cell causes a transient increase in membrane permeability to potassium ions, transiently rendering the membrane in a hyperpolarized state. Hyperpolarization causes a transient increase in Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) concentration in the cilia, resulting in a transient fast-forward swimming of the cell. Schultz and coworkers (1992) reported that a unique adenylate cyclase (AC)-coupled potassium channel is involved in the reaction underlying this response, which is known as the “escape response.” However, the AC responsible for this reaction remains to be identified. Moreover, the molecular linkage between mechanoreception and AC activation has not been elucidated adequately. Currently, we can perform an efficient and simple gene-knockdown technique in Paramecium using RNA interference (RNAi). Paramecium is one of the several model organisms for which whole-genome sequences have been elucidated. The RNAi technique can be applied to whole genome sequences derived from the Paramecium database (ParameciumDB) to investigate the types of proteins that elicit specific biological responses and compare them with those of other model organisms. In this review, we describe the applications of the RNAi technique in elucidating the molecular mechanism underlying the escape response and identifying the AC involved in this reaction. The findings of this study highlight the advantages of the RNAi technique and ParameciumDB.https://doi.org/10.2142/biophysico.bppb-v20.0025adenylate cyclasecamphyperpolarization |
| spellingShingle | Manabu Hori Takashi Tominaga Masaki Ishida Mutsumi Kawano RNA interference reveals the escape response mechanism of Paramecium to mechanical stimulation Biophysics and Physicobiology adenylate cyclase camp hyperpolarization |
| title | RNA interference reveals the escape response mechanism of Paramecium to mechanical stimulation |
| title_full | RNA interference reveals the escape response mechanism of Paramecium to mechanical stimulation |
| title_fullStr | RNA interference reveals the escape response mechanism of Paramecium to mechanical stimulation |
| title_full_unstemmed | RNA interference reveals the escape response mechanism of Paramecium to mechanical stimulation |
| title_short | RNA interference reveals the escape response mechanism of Paramecium to mechanical stimulation |
| title_sort | rna interference reveals the escape response mechanism of paramecium to mechanical stimulation |
| topic | adenylate cyclase camp hyperpolarization |
| url | https://doi.org/10.2142/biophysico.bppb-v20.0025 |
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