Rotavirus A Inoculation and Oral Vitamin A Supplementation of Vitamin A Deficient Pregnant Sows Enhances Maternal Adaptive Immunity and Passive Protection of Piglets against Virulent Rotavirus A
The aim of this study was to determine the impact of vitamin A deficiency (VAD)/supplementation (±VA) and group A RV (RVA) maternal immunization of RVA seropositive multiparous pregnant sows, on their immune responses (anamnestic response) and on passive protection of their piglets against RVA chall...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-10-01
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| Series: | Viruses |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/14/11/2354 |
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| author | Juliet Chepngeno Joshua O. Amimo Husheem Michael Kwonil Jung Sergei Raev Marcia V. Lee Debasu Damtie Alfred O. Mainga Anastasia N. Vlasova Linda J. Saif |
| author_facet | Juliet Chepngeno Joshua O. Amimo Husheem Michael Kwonil Jung Sergei Raev Marcia V. Lee Debasu Damtie Alfred O. Mainga Anastasia N. Vlasova Linda J. Saif |
| author_sort | Juliet Chepngeno |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The aim of this study was to determine the impact of vitamin A deficiency (VAD)/supplementation (±VA) and group A RV (RVA) maternal immunization of RVA seropositive multiparous pregnant sows, on their immune responses (anamnestic response) and on passive protection of their piglets against RVA challenge. Our results showed that VAD- mock sows had increased RVA RNA shedding at 1–5 days post piglet RVA challenge, and their litters had increased RVA shedding and diarrhea frequency throughout the experiment. VAD decreased memory B cell frequencies while VA supplementation increased RVA specific IgA/IgG antibody (Ab) secreting cell (ASC) numbers in blood, milk, and tissues of RVA inoculated VAD sows. The increased numbers of RVA specific IgA/IgG ASCs in blood, milk/colostrum, intestinal contents, and tissues in VA supplemented VAD sows, suggest a role of VA in B cell immunity and trafficking to tissues. We also observed that RVA inoculated sows had the highest viral neutralizing Ab titers in serum and milk while VA supplementation of VAD sows and RVA inoculation increased IgA<sup>+</sup> B cell frequencies in sow colostrum. In summary, we demonstrated that daily oral VA-supplementation (2nd trimester-throughout lactation) to RVA inoculated VAD sows improved the function of their gut-mammary-IgA immunological axis, reducing viral RNA shedding, diarrhea, and increasing weight gain in suckling piglets. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T18:34:47Z |
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| id | doaj.art-eb557d2585be4130bf6b32c94d053087 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1999-4915 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T18:34:47Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Viruses |
| spelling | doaj.art-eb557d2585be4130bf6b32c94d0530872023-11-24T07:15:53ZengMDPI AGViruses1999-49152022-10-011411235410.3390/v14112354Rotavirus A Inoculation and Oral Vitamin A Supplementation of Vitamin A Deficient Pregnant Sows Enhances Maternal Adaptive Immunity and Passive Protection of Piglets against Virulent Rotavirus AJuliet Chepngeno0Joshua O. Amimo1Husheem Michael2Kwonil Jung3Sergei Raev4Marcia V. Lee5Debasu Damtie6Alfred O. Mainga7Anastasia N. Vlasova8Linda J. Saif9Center for Food Animal Health, Department of Animal Sciences, College of Food Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691, USACenter for Food Animal Health, Department of Animal Sciences, College of Food Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691, USACenter for Food Animal Health, Department of Animal Sciences, College of Food Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691, USACenter for Food Animal Health, Department of Animal Sciences, College of Food Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691, USACenter for Food Animal Health, Department of Animal Sciences, College of Food Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691, USACenter for Food Animal Health, Department of Animal Sciences, College of Food Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691, USADepartment of Immunology and Molecular Biology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, EthiopiaDepartment of Public Health, Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Nairobi, Nairobi 00625, KenyaCenter for Food Animal Health, Department of Animal Sciences, College of Food Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691, USACenter for Food Animal Health, Department of Animal Sciences, College of Food Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691, USAThe aim of this study was to determine the impact of vitamin A deficiency (VAD)/supplementation (±VA) and group A RV (RVA) maternal immunization of RVA seropositive multiparous pregnant sows, on their immune responses (anamnestic response) and on passive protection of their piglets against RVA challenge. Our results showed that VAD- mock sows had increased RVA RNA shedding at 1–5 days post piglet RVA challenge, and their litters had increased RVA shedding and diarrhea frequency throughout the experiment. VAD decreased memory B cell frequencies while VA supplementation increased RVA specific IgA/IgG antibody (Ab) secreting cell (ASC) numbers in blood, milk, and tissues of RVA inoculated VAD sows. The increased numbers of RVA specific IgA/IgG ASCs in blood, milk/colostrum, intestinal contents, and tissues in VA supplemented VAD sows, suggest a role of VA in B cell immunity and trafficking to tissues. We also observed that RVA inoculated sows had the highest viral neutralizing Ab titers in serum and milk while VA supplementation of VAD sows and RVA inoculation increased IgA<sup>+</sup> B cell frequencies in sow colostrum. In summary, we demonstrated that daily oral VA-supplementation (2nd trimester-throughout lactation) to RVA inoculated VAD sows improved the function of their gut-mammary-IgA immunological axis, reducing viral RNA shedding, diarrhea, and increasing weight gain in suckling piglets.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/14/11/2354Rotaviruseslactogenicimmunitymaternal immunizationvitamin Aswine model |
| spellingShingle | Juliet Chepngeno Joshua O. Amimo Husheem Michael Kwonil Jung Sergei Raev Marcia V. Lee Debasu Damtie Alfred O. Mainga Anastasia N. Vlasova Linda J. Saif Rotavirus A Inoculation and Oral Vitamin A Supplementation of Vitamin A Deficient Pregnant Sows Enhances Maternal Adaptive Immunity and Passive Protection of Piglets against Virulent Rotavirus A Viruses Rotaviruses lactogenic immunity maternal immunization vitamin A swine model |
| title | Rotavirus A Inoculation and Oral Vitamin A Supplementation of Vitamin A Deficient Pregnant Sows Enhances Maternal Adaptive Immunity and Passive Protection of Piglets against Virulent Rotavirus A |
| title_full | Rotavirus A Inoculation and Oral Vitamin A Supplementation of Vitamin A Deficient Pregnant Sows Enhances Maternal Adaptive Immunity and Passive Protection of Piglets against Virulent Rotavirus A |
| title_fullStr | Rotavirus A Inoculation and Oral Vitamin A Supplementation of Vitamin A Deficient Pregnant Sows Enhances Maternal Adaptive Immunity and Passive Protection of Piglets against Virulent Rotavirus A |
| title_full_unstemmed | Rotavirus A Inoculation and Oral Vitamin A Supplementation of Vitamin A Deficient Pregnant Sows Enhances Maternal Adaptive Immunity and Passive Protection of Piglets against Virulent Rotavirus A |
| title_short | Rotavirus A Inoculation and Oral Vitamin A Supplementation of Vitamin A Deficient Pregnant Sows Enhances Maternal Adaptive Immunity and Passive Protection of Piglets against Virulent Rotavirus A |
| title_sort | rotavirus a inoculation and oral vitamin a supplementation of vitamin a deficient pregnant sows enhances maternal adaptive immunity and passive protection of piglets against virulent rotavirus a |
| topic | Rotaviruses lactogenic immunity maternal immunization vitamin A swine model |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/14/11/2354 |
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