Comparative Study of the Removal Efficiency of Nalidixic Acid by Poly[(4-vinylbenzyl)trimethylammonium Chloride] and N-Alkylated Chitosan through the Ultrafiltration Technique and Its Approximation through Theoretical Calculations
Emerging antibiotic contaminants in water is a global problem because bacterial strains resistant to these antibiotics arise, risking human health. This study describes the use of poly[(4-vinylbenzyl) trimethylammonium chloride] and N-alkylated chitosan, two cationic polymers with different natures...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2023-07-01
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| Series: | Polymers |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/15/15/3185 |
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| author | Daniel A. Palacio Carla Muñoz Manuel Meléndrez Walter A. Rabanal-León Juliana A. Murillo-López Manuel Palencia Bernabé L. Rivas |
| author_facet | Daniel A. Palacio Carla Muñoz Manuel Meléndrez Walter A. Rabanal-León Juliana A. Murillo-López Manuel Palencia Bernabé L. Rivas |
| author_sort | Daniel A. Palacio |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Emerging antibiotic contaminants in water is a global problem because bacterial strains resistant to these antibiotics arise, risking human health. This study describes the use of poly[(4-vinylbenzyl) trimethylammonium chloride] and N-alkylated chitosan, two cationic polymers with different natures and structures to remove nalidixic acid. Both contain ammonium salt as a functional group. One of them is a synthetic polymer, and the other is a modified artificial polymer. The removal of the antibiotic was investigated under various experimental conditions (pH, ionic strength, and antibiotic concentration) using the technique of liquid-phase polymer-based retention (LPR). In addition, a stochastic algorithm provided by Fukui’s functions is used. It was shown that alkylated <i>N</i>-chitosan presents 65.0% removal at pH 7, while poly[(4-vinylbenzyl)trimethylammonium chloride] removes 75.0% at pH 9. The interaction mechanisms that predominate the removal processes are electrostatic interactions, π–π interactions, and hydrogen bonding. The polymers reached maximum retention capacities of 1605 mg g<sup>−1</sup> for poly[(4-vinylbenzyl) trimethylammonium chloride] and 561 mg g<sup>−1</sup> of antibiotic per gram for alkylated poly(N-chitosan). In conclusion, the presence of aromatic groups improves the capacity and polymer–antibiotic interactions. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T00:18:54Z |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4360 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T00:18:54Z |
| publishDate | 2023-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Polymers |
| spelling | doaj.art-eb7c5a3492854f199a4716317d1435d82023-11-18T23:27:43ZengMDPI AGPolymers2073-43602023-07-011515318510.3390/polym15153185Comparative Study of the Removal Efficiency of Nalidixic Acid by Poly[(4-vinylbenzyl)trimethylammonium Chloride] and N-Alkylated Chitosan through the Ultrafiltration Technique and Its Approximation through Theoretical CalculationsDaniel A. Palacio0Carla Muñoz1Manuel Meléndrez2Walter A. Rabanal-León3Juliana A. Murillo-López4Manuel Palencia5Bernabé L. Rivas6Departamento de Polímeros, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Concepción, Edmundo Larenas 129, Casilla 160-C, Concepción 4070409, ChileDepartamento de Polímeros, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Concepción, Edmundo Larenas 129, Casilla 160-C, Concepción 4070409, ChileDepartamento de Ingeniería de Materiales (DIMAT), Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Concepción, Edmundo Larenas 270, Casilla 160-C, Concepción 4070409, ChileLaboratorio de Modelamiento Computacional en Sistemas Inorgánicos y Organometálicos (Lab-MCSIO), Departamento de Química Analítica e Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Concepción, Edmundo Larenas 129, Casilla 160-C, Concepción 4070409, ChileDepartamento de Ciencias Químicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Andrés Bello, Autopista Concepción–Talcahuano 7100, Talcahuano 4260000, ChileDepartamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Grupo de Investigación en Ciencias con Aplicaciones Tecnológicas (GI-CAT), Universidad del Valle, Calle 13#100-00, Cali 25360, ColombiaDepartamento de Polímeros, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Concepción, Edmundo Larenas 129, Casilla 160-C, Concepción 4070409, ChileEmerging antibiotic contaminants in water is a global problem because bacterial strains resistant to these antibiotics arise, risking human health. This study describes the use of poly[(4-vinylbenzyl) trimethylammonium chloride] and N-alkylated chitosan, two cationic polymers with different natures and structures to remove nalidixic acid. Both contain ammonium salt as a functional group. One of them is a synthetic polymer, and the other is a modified artificial polymer. The removal of the antibiotic was investigated under various experimental conditions (pH, ionic strength, and antibiotic concentration) using the technique of liquid-phase polymer-based retention (LPR). In addition, a stochastic algorithm provided by Fukui’s functions is used. It was shown that alkylated <i>N</i>-chitosan presents 65.0% removal at pH 7, while poly[(4-vinylbenzyl)trimethylammonium chloride] removes 75.0% at pH 9. The interaction mechanisms that predominate the removal processes are electrostatic interactions, π–π interactions, and hydrogen bonding. The polymers reached maximum retention capacities of 1605 mg g<sup>−1</sup> for poly[(4-vinylbenzyl) trimethylammonium chloride] and 561 mg g<sup>−1</sup> of antibiotic per gram for alkylated poly(N-chitosan). In conclusion, the presence of aromatic groups improves the capacity and polymer–antibiotic interactions.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/15/15/3185nalidixic acidremovalpolymersultrafiltration membranes |
| spellingShingle | Daniel A. Palacio Carla Muñoz Manuel Meléndrez Walter A. Rabanal-León Juliana A. Murillo-López Manuel Palencia Bernabé L. Rivas Comparative Study of the Removal Efficiency of Nalidixic Acid by Poly[(4-vinylbenzyl)trimethylammonium Chloride] and N-Alkylated Chitosan through the Ultrafiltration Technique and Its Approximation through Theoretical Calculations Polymers nalidixic acid removal polymers ultrafiltration membranes |
| title | Comparative Study of the Removal Efficiency of Nalidixic Acid by Poly[(4-vinylbenzyl)trimethylammonium Chloride] and N-Alkylated Chitosan through the Ultrafiltration Technique and Its Approximation through Theoretical Calculations |
| title_full | Comparative Study of the Removal Efficiency of Nalidixic Acid by Poly[(4-vinylbenzyl)trimethylammonium Chloride] and N-Alkylated Chitosan through the Ultrafiltration Technique and Its Approximation through Theoretical Calculations |
| title_fullStr | Comparative Study of the Removal Efficiency of Nalidixic Acid by Poly[(4-vinylbenzyl)trimethylammonium Chloride] and N-Alkylated Chitosan through the Ultrafiltration Technique and Its Approximation through Theoretical Calculations |
| title_full_unstemmed | Comparative Study of the Removal Efficiency of Nalidixic Acid by Poly[(4-vinylbenzyl)trimethylammonium Chloride] and N-Alkylated Chitosan through the Ultrafiltration Technique and Its Approximation through Theoretical Calculations |
| title_short | Comparative Study of the Removal Efficiency of Nalidixic Acid by Poly[(4-vinylbenzyl)trimethylammonium Chloride] and N-Alkylated Chitosan through the Ultrafiltration Technique and Its Approximation through Theoretical Calculations |
| title_sort | comparative study of the removal efficiency of nalidixic acid by poly 4 vinylbenzyl trimethylammonium chloride and n alkylated chitosan through the ultrafiltration technique and its approximation through theoretical calculations |
| topic | nalidixic acid removal polymers ultrafiltration membranes |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/15/15/3185 |
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