Tissue-Nonspecific Alkaline Phosphatase in Central Nervous System Health and Disease: A Focus on Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cells
Tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase (TNAP) is an ectoenzyme bound to the plasma membranes of numerous cells via a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) moiety. TNAP’s function is well-recognized from earlier studies establishing its important role in bone mineralization. TNAP is also highly express...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2021-05-01
|
| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/10/5257 |
| _version_ | 1797533850775060480 |
|---|---|
| author | Divine C. Nwafor Allison L. Brichacek Ahsan Ali Candice M. Brown |
| author_facet | Divine C. Nwafor Allison L. Brichacek Ahsan Ali Candice M. Brown |
| author_sort | Divine C. Nwafor |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase (TNAP) is an ectoenzyme bound to the plasma membranes of numerous cells via a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) moiety. TNAP’s function is well-recognized from earlier studies establishing its important role in bone mineralization. TNAP is also highly expressed in cerebral microvessels; however, its function in brain cerebral microvessels is poorly understood. In recent years, few studies have begun to delineate a role for TNAP in brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMECs)—a key component of cerebral microvessels. This review summarizes important information on the role of BMEC TNAP, and its implication in health and disease. Furthermore, we discuss current models and tools that may assist researchers in elucidating the function of TNAP in BMECs. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T11:21:30Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-eb81aa27475b485dbb59dce097a1e43e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T11:21:30Z |
| publishDate | 2021-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-eb81aa27475b485dbb59dce097a1e43e2023-11-21T20:02:41ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672021-05-012210525710.3390/ijms22105257Tissue-Nonspecific Alkaline Phosphatase in Central Nervous System Health and Disease: A Focus on Brain Microvascular Endothelial CellsDivine C. Nwafor0Allison L. Brichacek1Ahsan Ali2Candice M. Brown3Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, West Virginia University Health Science Center, Morgantown, WV 26506, USADepartment of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, West Virginia University Health Science Center, Morgantown, WV 26506, USADepartment of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, West Virginia University Health Science Center, Morgantown, WV 26506, USADepartment of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, West Virginia University Health Science Center, Morgantown, WV 26506, USATissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase (TNAP) is an ectoenzyme bound to the plasma membranes of numerous cells via a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) moiety. TNAP’s function is well-recognized from earlier studies establishing its important role in bone mineralization. TNAP is also highly expressed in cerebral microvessels; however, its function in brain cerebral microvessels is poorly understood. In recent years, few studies have begun to delineate a role for TNAP in brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMECs)—a key component of cerebral microvessels. This review summarizes important information on the role of BMEC TNAP, and its implication in health and disease. Furthermore, we discuss current models and tools that may assist researchers in elucidating the function of TNAP in BMECs.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/10/5257brain microvascular endothelial cellscerebral microvesselstissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase<i>Alpl</i>TNAPblood-brain barrier |
| spellingShingle | Divine C. Nwafor Allison L. Brichacek Ahsan Ali Candice M. Brown Tissue-Nonspecific Alkaline Phosphatase in Central Nervous System Health and Disease: A Focus on Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cells International Journal of Molecular Sciences brain microvascular endothelial cells cerebral microvessels tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase <i>Alpl</i> TNAP blood-brain barrier |
| title | Tissue-Nonspecific Alkaline Phosphatase in Central Nervous System Health and Disease: A Focus on Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cells |
| title_full | Tissue-Nonspecific Alkaline Phosphatase in Central Nervous System Health and Disease: A Focus on Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cells |
| title_fullStr | Tissue-Nonspecific Alkaline Phosphatase in Central Nervous System Health and Disease: A Focus on Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cells |
| title_full_unstemmed | Tissue-Nonspecific Alkaline Phosphatase in Central Nervous System Health and Disease: A Focus on Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cells |
| title_short | Tissue-Nonspecific Alkaline Phosphatase in Central Nervous System Health and Disease: A Focus on Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cells |
| title_sort | tissue nonspecific alkaline phosphatase in central nervous system health and disease a focus on brain microvascular endothelial cells |
| topic | brain microvascular endothelial cells cerebral microvessels tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase <i>Alpl</i> TNAP blood-brain barrier |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/10/5257 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT divinecnwafor tissuenonspecificalkalinephosphataseincentralnervoussystemhealthanddiseaseafocusonbrainmicrovascularendothelialcells AT allisonlbrichacek tissuenonspecificalkalinephosphataseincentralnervoussystemhealthanddiseaseafocusonbrainmicrovascularendothelialcells AT ahsanali tissuenonspecificalkalinephosphataseincentralnervoussystemhealthanddiseaseafocusonbrainmicrovascularendothelialcells AT candicembrown tissuenonspecificalkalinephosphataseincentralnervoussystemhealthanddiseaseafocusonbrainmicrovascularendothelialcells |