Tsunami scenario triggered by the activity of the Mentawai Fault Zone offshore western Sumatra Island
Subduction zones worldwide pose tsunami risks, mainly linked to megathrust activity near subduction trenches. However, tsunamis can originate from various sources, including marine volcanic eruptions, submarine landslides, and strike-slip earthquakes. In the Sumatra subduction zone, a seismic gap in...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
EDP Sciences
2023-01-01
|
| Series: | E3S Web of Conferences |
| Online Access: | https://www.e3s-conferences.org/articles/e3sconf/pdf/2023/84/e3sconf_aiwest-dr2023_01012.pdf |
| _version_ | 1797345525494710272 |
|---|---|
| author | Haridhi Haekal A. Setiawan Ichsan Octavina Chitra Mahdi Saiful Balqies Cut Putrie |
| author_facet | Haridhi Haekal A. Setiawan Ichsan Octavina Chitra Mahdi Saiful Balqies Cut Putrie |
| author_sort | Haridhi Haekal A. |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Subduction zones worldwide pose tsunami risks, mainly linked to megathrust activity near subduction trenches. However, tsunamis can originate from various sources, including marine volcanic eruptions, submarine landslides, and strike-slip earthquakes. In the Sumatra subduction zone, a seismic gap in the Mentawai region heightens the tsunami risk. This region’s tectonics are complex due to the oblique subduction of the India-Australia oceanic plate beneath the Eurasian continental plate, leading to the sliver faults system of Mentawai Fault Zone (MFZ) and Sumatra Fault Zone (SFZ). The SFZ on Sumatra Island has limited tsunami potential, except at its northern and southern offshore extensions. In contrast, the MFZ, situated in the marine Northern Bengkulu basin, holds a higher tsunami-generation potential. This study aims to assess the MFZ activity in generating tsunamis, estimate the maximum wave height, and analyze propagation, and arrival times at several crucial sites in Western Sumatra Province. We utilized the COMCOT tsunami model to simulate scenarios with two fault mechanisms, i.e., strike-slip and back thrust, and two magnitudes (Mw 7.6, and 8.2). The results indicate that the most hazardous tsunami, generated by a strike-slip fault with Mw 8.2, produces a 2-meter tsunami on the east coast of Siberut Island and the west coast of Padang City, West Sumatra. The scenarios reveal that Mentawai Island’s eastern part lacks evacuation time, with an almost instantaneous tsunami arrival. In contrast, western Sumatra, including Pariaman and Padang City, has 13 to 20 minutes for evacuation planning. Thus, disaster risk reduction strategies in these locations should consider these findings. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T11:18:54Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-eb93369d279f4259b690debc2b18d9cf |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2267-1242 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T11:18:54Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | EDP Sciences |
| record_format | Article |
| series | E3S Web of Conferences |
| spelling | doaj.art-eb93369d279f4259b690debc2b18d9cf2024-01-26T10:27:53ZengEDP SciencesE3S Web of Conferences2267-12422023-01-014470101210.1051/e3sconf/202344701012e3sconf_aiwest-dr2023_01012Tsunami scenario triggered by the activity of the Mentawai Fault Zone offshore western Sumatra IslandHaridhi Haekal A.0Setiawan Ichsan1Octavina Chitra2Mahdi Saiful3Balqies Cut Putrie4Tsunami and Disaster Mitigation Research Center (TDMRC), Universitas Syiah KualaResearch Center for Marine Sciences and Fisheries, Universitas Syiah KualaResearch Center for Marine Sciences and Fisheries, Universitas Syiah KualaResearch Center for Marine Sciences and Fisheries, Universitas Syiah KualaResearch Center for Marine Sciences and Fisheries, Universitas Syiah KualaSubduction zones worldwide pose tsunami risks, mainly linked to megathrust activity near subduction trenches. However, tsunamis can originate from various sources, including marine volcanic eruptions, submarine landslides, and strike-slip earthquakes. In the Sumatra subduction zone, a seismic gap in the Mentawai region heightens the tsunami risk. This region’s tectonics are complex due to the oblique subduction of the India-Australia oceanic plate beneath the Eurasian continental plate, leading to the sliver faults system of Mentawai Fault Zone (MFZ) and Sumatra Fault Zone (SFZ). The SFZ on Sumatra Island has limited tsunami potential, except at its northern and southern offshore extensions. In contrast, the MFZ, situated in the marine Northern Bengkulu basin, holds a higher tsunami-generation potential. This study aims to assess the MFZ activity in generating tsunamis, estimate the maximum wave height, and analyze propagation, and arrival times at several crucial sites in Western Sumatra Province. We utilized the COMCOT tsunami model to simulate scenarios with two fault mechanisms, i.e., strike-slip and back thrust, and two magnitudes (Mw 7.6, and 8.2). The results indicate that the most hazardous tsunami, generated by a strike-slip fault with Mw 8.2, produces a 2-meter tsunami on the east coast of Siberut Island and the west coast of Padang City, West Sumatra. The scenarios reveal that Mentawai Island’s eastern part lacks evacuation time, with an almost instantaneous tsunami arrival. In contrast, western Sumatra, including Pariaman and Padang City, has 13 to 20 minutes for evacuation planning. Thus, disaster risk reduction strategies in these locations should consider these findings.https://www.e3s-conferences.org/articles/e3sconf/pdf/2023/84/e3sconf_aiwest-dr2023_01012.pdf |
| spellingShingle | Haridhi Haekal A. Setiawan Ichsan Octavina Chitra Mahdi Saiful Balqies Cut Putrie Tsunami scenario triggered by the activity of the Mentawai Fault Zone offshore western Sumatra Island E3S Web of Conferences |
| title | Tsunami scenario triggered by the activity of the Mentawai Fault Zone offshore western Sumatra Island |
| title_full | Tsunami scenario triggered by the activity of the Mentawai Fault Zone offshore western Sumatra Island |
| title_fullStr | Tsunami scenario triggered by the activity of the Mentawai Fault Zone offshore western Sumatra Island |
| title_full_unstemmed | Tsunami scenario triggered by the activity of the Mentawai Fault Zone offshore western Sumatra Island |
| title_short | Tsunami scenario triggered by the activity of the Mentawai Fault Zone offshore western Sumatra Island |
| title_sort | tsunami scenario triggered by the activity of the mentawai fault zone offshore western sumatra island |
| url | https://www.e3s-conferences.org/articles/e3sconf/pdf/2023/84/e3sconf_aiwest-dr2023_01012.pdf |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT haridhihaekala tsunamiscenariotriggeredbytheactivityofthementawaifaultzoneoffshorewesternsumatraisland AT setiawanichsan tsunamiscenariotriggeredbytheactivityofthementawaifaultzoneoffshorewesternsumatraisland AT octavinachitra tsunamiscenariotriggeredbytheactivityofthementawaifaultzoneoffshorewesternsumatraisland AT mahdisaiful tsunamiscenariotriggeredbytheactivityofthementawaifaultzoneoffshorewesternsumatraisland AT balqiescutputrie tsunamiscenariotriggeredbytheactivityofthementawaifaultzoneoffshorewesternsumatraisland |