DNA Barcoding of Black Flies (Diptera: Simuliidae) in Slovakia and Its Utility for Species Identification
DNA barcoding based on the cytochrome oxidase I gene is increasingly used in black flies (Diptera: Simuliidae), but extensive data for larger areas are still rare. Slovakia, with well-explored black fly fauna, was chosen to verify the reliability of DNA barcoding for species identification. The DNA...
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MDPI AG
2023-05-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-2818/15/5/661 |
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| author | Tatiana Kúdelová Samuel Krčmárik Ivona Lužáková Bibiana Bujačková Karin Matická Matúš Kúdela |
| author_facet | Tatiana Kúdelová Samuel Krčmárik Ivona Lužáková Bibiana Bujačková Karin Matická Matúš Kúdela |
| author_sort | Tatiana Kúdelová |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | DNA barcoding based on the cytochrome oxidase I gene is increasingly used in black flies (Diptera: Simuliidae), but extensive data for larger areas are still rare. Slovakia, with well-explored black fly fauna, was chosen to verify the reliability of DNA barcoding for species identification. The DNA barcoding region of the COI gene of 235 individuals of 25 black fly species from Slovakia was sequenced. Among them, 30 sequence clusters with assigned Barcode Index Numbers (BINs) were identified, and 5 of them were recorded for the first time. The average intraspecific genetic divergence was 0–3.24%, whereas the average interspecific divergence was 12.3–17.8%. Based on the barcode sequence, 14 species could be identified unambiguously, and 3 of them <i>(Prosimulium latimucro</i>, <i>Simulium costatum</i>, <i>S. degrangei</i>) are split into two or more barcode clusters. In eleven species, some degree of barcode sharing occurred, often combined with barcode splitting. The results showed hidden diversity as well as cases of shared barcode sequences among the studied species. Further investigation using other molecular markers is necessary due to the overlap of intraspecific and interspecific variability. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T10:58:43Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ebae798d879c4163b5cb35c52b573643 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1424-2818 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T10:58:43Z |
| publishDate | 2023-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Diversity |
| spelling | doaj.art-ebae798d879c4163b5cb35c52b5736432023-12-01T01:28:23ZengMDPI AGDiversity1424-28182023-05-0115566110.3390/d15050661DNA Barcoding of Black Flies (Diptera: Simuliidae) in Slovakia and Its Utility for Species IdentificationTatiana Kúdelová0Samuel Krčmárik1Ivona Lužáková2Bibiana Bujačková3Karin Matická4Matúš Kúdela5Department of Zoology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Ilkovičova 6, SK84215 Bratislava, SlovakiaDepartment of Zoology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Ilkovičova 6, SK84215 Bratislava, SlovakiaDepartment of Zoology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Ilkovičova 6, SK84215 Bratislava, SlovakiaInstitute of Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Sasinkova 4, SK81108 Bratislava, SlovakiaDepartment of Zoology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Ilkovičova 6, SK84215 Bratislava, SlovakiaDepartment of Zoology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Ilkovičova 6, SK84215 Bratislava, SlovakiaDNA barcoding based on the cytochrome oxidase I gene is increasingly used in black flies (Diptera: Simuliidae), but extensive data for larger areas are still rare. Slovakia, with well-explored black fly fauna, was chosen to verify the reliability of DNA barcoding for species identification. The DNA barcoding region of the COI gene of 235 individuals of 25 black fly species from Slovakia was sequenced. Among them, 30 sequence clusters with assigned Barcode Index Numbers (BINs) were identified, and 5 of them were recorded for the first time. The average intraspecific genetic divergence was 0–3.24%, whereas the average interspecific divergence was 12.3–17.8%. Based on the barcode sequence, 14 species could be identified unambiguously, and 3 of them <i>(Prosimulium latimucro</i>, <i>Simulium costatum</i>, <i>S. degrangei</i>) are split into two or more barcode clusters. In eleven species, some degree of barcode sharing occurred, often combined with barcode splitting. The results showed hidden diversity as well as cases of shared barcode sequences among the studied species. Further investigation using other molecular markers is necessary due to the overlap of intraspecific and interspecific variability.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-2818/15/5/661black fliesSimuliidaeDNA barcodinggenetic distancecryptic diversitySlovakia |
| spellingShingle | Tatiana Kúdelová Samuel Krčmárik Ivona Lužáková Bibiana Bujačková Karin Matická Matúš Kúdela DNA Barcoding of Black Flies (Diptera: Simuliidae) in Slovakia and Its Utility for Species Identification Diversity black flies Simuliidae DNA barcoding genetic distance cryptic diversity Slovakia |
| title | DNA Barcoding of Black Flies (Diptera: Simuliidae) in Slovakia and Its Utility for Species Identification |
| title_full | DNA Barcoding of Black Flies (Diptera: Simuliidae) in Slovakia and Its Utility for Species Identification |
| title_fullStr | DNA Barcoding of Black Flies (Diptera: Simuliidae) in Slovakia and Its Utility for Species Identification |
| title_full_unstemmed | DNA Barcoding of Black Flies (Diptera: Simuliidae) in Slovakia and Its Utility for Species Identification |
| title_short | DNA Barcoding of Black Flies (Diptera: Simuliidae) in Slovakia and Its Utility for Species Identification |
| title_sort | dna barcoding of black flies diptera simuliidae in slovakia and its utility for species identification |
| topic | black flies Simuliidae DNA barcoding genetic distance cryptic diversity Slovakia |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-2818/15/5/661 |
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