Improving Protein Quantity and Quality—The Next Level of Plant Molecular Farming
Plants offer several unique advantages in the production of recombinant pharmaceuticals for humans and animals. Although numerous recombinant proteins have been expressed in plants, only a small fraction have been successfully put into use. The hugely distinct expression systems between plant and an...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-01-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/3/1326 |
| _version_ | 1797487544114348032 |
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| author | Hai Liu Michael P. Timko |
| author_facet | Hai Liu Michael P. Timko |
| author_sort | Hai Liu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Plants offer several unique advantages in the production of recombinant pharmaceuticals for humans and animals. Although numerous recombinant proteins have been expressed in plants, only a small fraction have been successfully put into use. The hugely distinct expression systems between plant and animal cells frequently cause insufficient yield of the recombinant proteins with poor or undesired activity. To overcome the issues that greatly constrain the development of plant-produced pharmaceuticals, great efforts have been made to improve expression systems and develop alternative strategies to increase both the quantity and quality of the recombinant proteins. Recent technological revolutions, such as targeted genome editing, deconstructed vectors, virus-like particles, and humanized glycosylation, have led to great advances in plant molecular farming to meet the industrial manufacturing and clinical application standards. In this review, we discuss the technological advances made in various plant expression platforms, with special focus on the upstream designs and milestone achievements in improving the yield and glycosylation of the plant-produced pharmaceutical proteins. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T23:49:12Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ebc5635df7404dab9ec3c5ab28264244 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T23:49:12Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-ebc5635df7404dab9ec3c5ab282642442023-11-23T16:38:39ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672022-01-01233132610.3390/ijms23031326Improving Protein Quantity and Quality—The Next Level of Plant Molecular FarmingHai Liu0Michael P. Timko1Department of Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USADepartment of Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USAPlants offer several unique advantages in the production of recombinant pharmaceuticals for humans and animals. Although numerous recombinant proteins have been expressed in plants, only a small fraction have been successfully put into use. The hugely distinct expression systems between plant and animal cells frequently cause insufficient yield of the recombinant proteins with poor or undesired activity. To overcome the issues that greatly constrain the development of plant-produced pharmaceuticals, great efforts have been made to improve expression systems and develop alternative strategies to increase both the quantity and quality of the recombinant proteins. Recent technological revolutions, such as targeted genome editing, deconstructed vectors, virus-like particles, and humanized glycosylation, have led to great advances in plant molecular farming to meet the industrial manufacturing and clinical application standards. In this review, we discuss the technological advances made in various plant expression platforms, with special focus on the upstream designs and milestone achievements in improving the yield and glycosylation of the plant-produced pharmaceutical proteins.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/3/1326plant molecular farminggenetic engineeringrecombinant protein expressionsecretion pathwaydeconstructed vectorsvirus-like particles |
| spellingShingle | Hai Liu Michael P. Timko Improving Protein Quantity and Quality—The Next Level of Plant Molecular Farming International Journal of Molecular Sciences plant molecular farming genetic engineering recombinant protein expression secretion pathway deconstructed vectors virus-like particles |
| title | Improving Protein Quantity and Quality—The Next Level of Plant Molecular Farming |
| title_full | Improving Protein Quantity and Quality—The Next Level of Plant Molecular Farming |
| title_fullStr | Improving Protein Quantity and Quality—The Next Level of Plant Molecular Farming |
| title_full_unstemmed | Improving Protein Quantity and Quality—The Next Level of Plant Molecular Farming |
| title_short | Improving Protein Quantity and Quality—The Next Level of Plant Molecular Farming |
| title_sort | improving protein quantity and quality the next level of plant molecular farming |
| topic | plant molecular farming genetic engineering recombinant protein expression secretion pathway deconstructed vectors virus-like particles |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/3/1326 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT hailiu improvingproteinquantityandqualitythenextlevelofplantmolecularfarming AT michaelptimko improvingproteinquantityandqualitythenextlevelofplantmolecularfarming |