Bonding of Clear Aligner Composite Attachments to Ceramic Materials: An In Vitro Study
Background: We aim to evaluate the effect of surface conditioning, bonding agents and composite types on surface roughness (SR) and shear bond strength (SBS) of clear aligner composite attachments bonded to ceramics. Methods: One hundred and eighty IPS e.max CAD specimens were prepared. For SR, 60 s...
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MDPI AG
2022-06-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/12/4145 |
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| author | Bashair A. Alsaud Maher S. Hajjaj Ahmad I. Masoud Ensanya A. Abou Neel Dalia A. Abuelenain Amal I. Linjawi |
| author_facet | Bashair A. Alsaud Maher S. Hajjaj Ahmad I. Masoud Ensanya A. Abou Neel Dalia A. Abuelenain Amal I. Linjawi |
| author_sort | Bashair A. Alsaud |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: We aim to evaluate the effect of surface conditioning, bonding agents and composite types on surface roughness (SR) and shear bond strength (SBS) of clear aligner composite attachments bonded to ceramics. Methods: One hundred and eighty IPS e.max CAD specimens were prepared. For SR, 60 specimens were divided according to surface conditioning (<i>n</i> = 15) into four groups: control, 9.6% hydrofluoric acid (HFA), 37% phosphoric acid (PhA), air abrasion (AA). SR was measured using a Profilometer and Atomic Force Microscopy. For SBS, 120 specimens were divided according to conditioning methods (<i>n</i> = 40) (9.6% HFA and 37% PhA or AA), then according to bonding agents (<i>n</i> = 20) (Assure universal bond (AUB) or Single bond universal (SBU)) and then according to composite type (<i>n</i> = 10): Filtek™ Z350 and Filtek™ Z350 XT flowable composite. SBS was measured using Instron testing machine. Descriptive and group comparison were calculated (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Results: AA had the highest SR, while the control had the lowest SR (<i>p</i> < 0.05). HFA had the highest, but insignificant SBS, followed by AA (<i>p</i> > 0.05). AUB had higher SBS than SBU (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Filtek™ Z350 produced higher SBS than Filtek™ Z350 XT flowable composite (<i>p</i> < 0.01). Conclusion: The combination of AA, AUB, and Filtek Z350 produced the highest SBS, followed by HFA, AUB, and Filtek Z350. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T23:12:15Z |
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| id | doaj.art-ebcc7ec199494ccc98071a63cdd449c9 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1944 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T23:12:15Z |
| publishDate | 2022-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Materials |
| spelling | doaj.art-ebcc7ec199494ccc98071a63cdd449c92023-11-23T17:43:26ZengMDPI AGMaterials1996-19442022-06-011512414510.3390/ma15124145Bonding of Clear Aligner Composite Attachments to Ceramic Materials: An In Vitro StudyBashair A. Alsaud0Maher S. Hajjaj1Ahmad I. Masoud2Ensanya A. Abou Neel3Dalia A. Abuelenain4Amal I. Linjawi5Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab EmiratesDepartment of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi ArabiaBackground: We aim to evaluate the effect of surface conditioning, bonding agents and composite types on surface roughness (SR) and shear bond strength (SBS) of clear aligner composite attachments bonded to ceramics. Methods: One hundred and eighty IPS e.max CAD specimens were prepared. For SR, 60 specimens were divided according to surface conditioning (<i>n</i> = 15) into four groups: control, 9.6% hydrofluoric acid (HFA), 37% phosphoric acid (PhA), air abrasion (AA). SR was measured using a Profilometer and Atomic Force Microscopy. For SBS, 120 specimens were divided according to conditioning methods (<i>n</i> = 40) (9.6% HFA and 37% PhA or AA), then according to bonding agents (<i>n</i> = 20) (Assure universal bond (AUB) or Single bond universal (SBU)) and then according to composite type (<i>n</i> = 10): Filtek™ Z350 and Filtek™ Z350 XT flowable composite. SBS was measured using Instron testing machine. Descriptive and group comparison were calculated (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Results: AA had the highest SR, while the control had the lowest SR (<i>p</i> < 0.05). HFA had the highest, but insignificant SBS, followed by AA (<i>p</i> > 0.05). AUB had higher SBS than SBU (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Filtek™ Z350 produced higher SBS than Filtek™ Z350 XT flowable composite (<i>p</i> < 0.01). Conclusion: The combination of AA, AUB, and Filtek Z350 produced the highest SBS, followed by HFA, AUB, and Filtek Z350.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/12/4145attachmentsceramicsclear alignercompositein vitroorthodontics |
| spellingShingle | Bashair A. Alsaud Maher S. Hajjaj Ahmad I. Masoud Ensanya A. Abou Neel Dalia A. Abuelenain Amal I. Linjawi Bonding of Clear Aligner Composite Attachments to Ceramic Materials: An In Vitro Study Materials attachments ceramics clear aligner composite in vitro orthodontics |
| title | Bonding of Clear Aligner Composite Attachments to Ceramic Materials: An In Vitro Study |
| title_full | Bonding of Clear Aligner Composite Attachments to Ceramic Materials: An In Vitro Study |
| title_fullStr | Bonding of Clear Aligner Composite Attachments to Ceramic Materials: An In Vitro Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Bonding of Clear Aligner Composite Attachments to Ceramic Materials: An In Vitro Study |
| title_short | Bonding of Clear Aligner Composite Attachments to Ceramic Materials: An In Vitro Study |
| title_sort | bonding of clear aligner composite attachments to ceramic materials an in vitro study |
| topic | attachments ceramics clear aligner composite in vitro orthodontics |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/12/4145 |
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