Staphylococcus aureus isolates from goat and sheep milk seem to be closely related and differ from isolates detected among bovine milk
Dairy goat and sheep farms suffer severe economic losses due to intramammary infections, with S. aureus representing the main cause of clinical mastitis in small ruminants. In addition, S. aureus contamination of goat and sheep milk may cause staphylococcal food poisoning, as many traditional caprin...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2016-03-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Microbiology |
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| Online Access: | http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fmicb.2016.00319/full |
| _version_ | 1818112573920247808 |
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| author | Axel eMerz Roger eStephan Sophia eJohler |
| author_facet | Axel eMerz Roger eStephan Sophia eJohler |
| author_sort | Axel eMerz |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Dairy goat and sheep farms suffer severe economic losses due to intramammary infections, with S. aureus representing the main cause of clinical mastitis in small ruminants. In addition, S. aureus contamination of goat and sheep milk may cause staphylococcal food poisoning, as many traditional caprine and ovine milk products are not subjected to pasteurization. Data on virulence and antimicrobial resistance genes, as well as on the clonality of S. aureus detected in goat and sheep milk is scarce. Therefore, it was the aim of this study to determine i) spa types and clonal complexes and ii) virulence and resistance gene profiles of S. aureus isolated from goat and sheep milk. A total of 162 milk samples from sheep and goats presenting signs of an intramammary infection and 104 bulk milk samples were collected. While low prevalence rates of S. aureus were detected on single animal level, 46% of the bulk tank milk samples from small ruminants were positive for S. aureus. All isolates were spa typed and clonal complexes and virulence and resistance gene patterns were determined using a DNA microarray. Data from 49 S. aureus isolates was included in the statistical analysis and the construction of a SplitsTree. The analyzed isolates could be assigned to eleven clonal complexes, with the large majority of goat and sheep isolates being assigned to CC130 and CC133. The findings of this study suggest that S. aureus shows pronounced adaptation to small ruminants in general, but not to sheep or goats in particular. Although some common characteristics among S. aureus from caprine, ovine, and bovine milk samples were observed, S. aureus from small ruminants seem to form a distinct population. As 67% of the detected S. aureus strains exhibited at least one enterotoxin gene, many caprine or ovine raw milk products may be contaminated with low levels of enterotoxigenic S. aureus, stressing the importance of strict maintenance of the cold chain. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T03:21:06Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ebd62d1f339e4ceaa3acaa5f265a6633 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-302X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T03:21:06Z |
| publishDate | 2016-03-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Microbiology |
| spelling | doaj.art-ebd62d1f339e4ceaa3acaa5f265a66332022-12-22T01:22:38ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Microbiology1664-302X2016-03-01710.3389/fmicb.2016.00319184387Staphylococcus aureus isolates from goat and sheep milk seem to be closely related and differ from isolates detected among bovine milkAxel eMerz0Roger eStephan1Sophia eJohler2University of ZurichUniversity of ZurichUniversity of ZurichDairy goat and sheep farms suffer severe economic losses due to intramammary infections, with S. aureus representing the main cause of clinical mastitis in small ruminants. In addition, S. aureus contamination of goat and sheep milk may cause staphylococcal food poisoning, as many traditional caprine and ovine milk products are not subjected to pasteurization. Data on virulence and antimicrobial resistance genes, as well as on the clonality of S. aureus detected in goat and sheep milk is scarce. Therefore, it was the aim of this study to determine i) spa types and clonal complexes and ii) virulence and resistance gene profiles of S. aureus isolated from goat and sheep milk. A total of 162 milk samples from sheep and goats presenting signs of an intramammary infection and 104 bulk milk samples were collected. While low prevalence rates of S. aureus were detected on single animal level, 46% of the bulk tank milk samples from small ruminants were positive for S. aureus. All isolates were spa typed and clonal complexes and virulence and resistance gene patterns were determined using a DNA microarray. Data from 49 S. aureus isolates was included in the statistical analysis and the construction of a SplitsTree. The analyzed isolates could be assigned to eleven clonal complexes, with the large majority of goat and sheep isolates being assigned to CC130 and CC133. The findings of this study suggest that S. aureus shows pronounced adaptation to small ruminants in general, but not to sheep or goats in particular. Although some common characteristics among S. aureus from caprine, ovine, and bovine milk samples were observed, S. aureus from small ruminants seem to form a distinct population. As 67% of the detected S. aureus strains exhibited at least one enterotoxin gene, many caprine or ovine raw milk products may be contaminated with low levels of enterotoxigenic S. aureus, stressing the importance of strict maintenance of the cold chain.http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fmicb.2016.00319/fullMastitisSheepStaphylococcus aureusGoatvirulence genesclonality |
| spellingShingle | Axel eMerz Roger eStephan Sophia eJohler Staphylococcus aureus isolates from goat and sheep milk seem to be closely related and differ from isolates detected among bovine milk Frontiers in Microbiology Mastitis Sheep Staphylococcus aureus Goat virulence genes clonality |
| title | Staphylococcus aureus isolates from goat and sheep milk seem to be closely related and differ from isolates detected among bovine milk |
| title_full | Staphylococcus aureus isolates from goat and sheep milk seem to be closely related and differ from isolates detected among bovine milk |
| title_fullStr | Staphylococcus aureus isolates from goat and sheep milk seem to be closely related and differ from isolates detected among bovine milk |
| title_full_unstemmed | Staphylococcus aureus isolates from goat and sheep milk seem to be closely related and differ from isolates detected among bovine milk |
| title_short | Staphylococcus aureus isolates from goat and sheep milk seem to be closely related and differ from isolates detected among bovine milk |
| title_sort | staphylococcus aureus isolates from goat and sheep milk seem to be closely related and differ from isolates detected among bovine milk |
| topic | Mastitis Sheep Staphylococcus aureus Goat virulence genes clonality |
| url | http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fmicb.2016.00319/full |
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