Noninvasive Electromagnetic Wave Sensing of Glucose
Diabetic patients need long-term and frequent glucose monitoring to assist in insulin intake. The current finger-prick devices are painful and costly, which places noninvasive glucose sensors in high demand. In this review paper, we list several advanced electromagnetic (EM)-wave-based technologies...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2019-03-01
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| Series: | Sensors |
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| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/5/1151 |
| _version_ | 1798005036307972096 |
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| author | Ruochong Zhang Siyu Liu Haoran Jin Yunqi Luo Zesheng Zheng Fei Gao Yuanjin Zheng |
| author_facet | Ruochong Zhang Siyu Liu Haoran Jin Yunqi Luo Zesheng Zheng Fei Gao Yuanjin Zheng |
| author_sort | Ruochong Zhang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Diabetic patients need long-term and frequent glucose monitoring to assist in insulin intake. The current finger-prick devices are painful and costly, which places noninvasive glucose sensors in high demand. In this review paper, we list several advanced electromagnetic (EM)-wave-based technologies for noninvasive glucose measurement, including infrared (IR) spectroscopy, photoacoustic (PA) spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, fluorescence, optical coherence tomography (OCT), Terahertz (THz) spectroscopy, and microwave sensing. The development of each method is discussed regarding the fundamental principle, system setup, and experimental results. Despite the promising achievements that have been previously reported, no established product has obtained FDA approval or survived a marketing test. The limitations of, and prospects for, these techniques are presented at the end of this review. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T12:32:51Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ebe4d51f6f2f4eb8b98f8450f6442f4b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T12:32:51Z |
| publishDate | 2019-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-ebe4d51f6f2f4eb8b98f8450f6442f4b2022-12-22T04:23:42ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202019-03-01195115110.3390/s19051151s19051151Noninvasive Electromagnetic Wave Sensing of GlucoseRuochong Zhang0Siyu Liu1Haoran Jin2Yunqi Luo3Zesheng Zheng4Fei Gao5Yuanjin Zheng6School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, SingaporeSchool of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, SingaporeSchool of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, SingaporeSchool of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, SingaporeSchool of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, SingaporeSchool of Information Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, ChinaSchool of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, SingaporeDiabetic patients need long-term and frequent glucose monitoring to assist in insulin intake. The current finger-prick devices are painful and costly, which places noninvasive glucose sensors in high demand. In this review paper, we list several advanced electromagnetic (EM)-wave-based technologies for noninvasive glucose measurement, including infrared (IR) spectroscopy, photoacoustic (PA) spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, fluorescence, optical coherence tomography (OCT), Terahertz (THz) spectroscopy, and microwave sensing. The development of each method is discussed regarding the fundamental principle, system setup, and experimental results. Despite the promising achievements that have been previously reported, no established product has obtained FDA approval or survived a marketing test. The limitations of, and prospects for, these techniques are presented at the end of this review.http://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/5/1151noninvasive glucose measurementIR spectroscopyRaman spectroscopyphotoacoustic spectroscopyTHz spectroscopymicrowave sensing |
| spellingShingle | Ruochong Zhang Siyu Liu Haoran Jin Yunqi Luo Zesheng Zheng Fei Gao Yuanjin Zheng Noninvasive Electromagnetic Wave Sensing of Glucose Sensors noninvasive glucose measurement IR spectroscopy Raman spectroscopy photoacoustic spectroscopy THz spectroscopy microwave sensing |
| title | Noninvasive Electromagnetic Wave Sensing of Glucose |
| title_full | Noninvasive Electromagnetic Wave Sensing of Glucose |
| title_fullStr | Noninvasive Electromagnetic Wave Sensing of Glucose |
| title_full_unstemmed | Noninvasive Electromagnetic Wave Sensing of Glucose |
| title_short | Noninvasive Electromagnetic Wave Sensing of Glucose |
| title_sort | noninvasive electromagnetic wave sensing of glucose |
| topic | noninvasive glucose measurement IR spectroscopy Raman spectroscopy photoacoustic spectroscopy THz spectroscopy microwave sensing |
| url | http://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/5/1151 |
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