Regulatory T cells (Tregs): A major immune checkpoint to consider in combinatorial therapeutic HIV-1 vaccines
The field of immunotherapeutics is living an exceptional time as new antibodies that take brakes off T-cells and unleash them on tumours are being approved by the US-Food and Drug Administration (FDA). For the design and development of an HIV-1 therapeutic-vaccine, one would need preferably to shift...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Taylor & Francis Group
2018-06-01
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| Series: | Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2018.1434384 |
| _version_ | 1797677511793967104 |
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| author | Audrey Hubert Nabila Seddiki |
| author_facet | Audrey Hubert Nabila Seddiki |
| author_sort | Audrey Hubert |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The field of immunotherapeutics is living an exceptional time as new antibodies that take brakes off T-cells and unleash them on tumours are being approved by the US-Food and Drug Administration (FDA). For the design and development of an HIV-1 therapeutic-vaccine, one would need preferably to shift the balance T-effectors/T-regulatory cells (Teff/Tregs) towards effectors to improve vaccine-specific immune-responses. Given the success with the new immune-checkpoint-blockers (ICB), it is an appropriate time for HIV-1 field to seize this opportunity and develop new therapeutic vaccine-strategies that take into consideration ICB and other immunomodulators such as cytokines. While the vaccine is important to stimulate HIV-1-specific T-cell responses, cytokines will support the expansion of the stimulated virus-specific T-cells and ICB will reverse exhaustion and unchain cytotoxic T-cells. In this commentary, we will spotlight Tregs as another major brake for T-cell immunity and address the main stumbling-blocks that often blurs HIV-1-specific-Tregs status with regards to their role (beneficial or detrimental) and we will recall some proof-of-concept studies where therapeutic immunization skewed the HIV-1-specific response from Tregs to Teffs which impacts on the magnitude of viral replication. We will also suggest some strategies to shift the balance towards Teffs and potentiate HIV-1-specific immune-responses. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T22:46:17Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ebe9c8dd7ea344e1a1a84bc986cf4706 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2164-5515 2164-554X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T22:46:17Z |
| publishDate | 2018-06-01 |
| publisher | Taylor & Francis Group |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics |
| spelling | doaj.art-ebe9c8dd7ea344e1a1a84bc986cf47062023-09-22T08:17:54ZengTaylor & Francis GroupHuman Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics2164-55152164-554X2018-06-011461432143710.1080/21645515.2018.14343841434384Regulatory T cells (Tregs): A major immune checkpoint to consider in combinatorial therapeutic HIV-1 vaccinesAudrey Hubert0Nabila Seddiki1Inserm, U955Inserm, U955The field of immunotherapeutics is living an exceptional time as new antibodies that take brakes off T-cells and unleash them on tumours are being approved by the US-Food and Drug Administration (FDA). For the design and development of an HIV-1 therapeutic-vaccine, one would need preferably to shift the balance T-effectors/T-regulatory cells (Teff/Tregs) towards effectors to improve vaccine-specific immune-responses. Given the success with the new immune-checkpoint-blockers (ICB), it is an appropriate time for HIV-1 field to seize this opportunity and develop new therapeutic vaccine-strategies that take into consideration ICB and other immunomodulators such as cytokines. While the vaccine is important to stimulate HIV-1-specific T-cell responses, cytokines will support the expansion of the stimulated virus-specific T-cells and ICB will reverse exhaustion and unchain cytotoxic T-cells. In this commentary, we will spotlight Tregs as another major brake for T-cell immunity and address the main stumbling-blocks that often blurs HIV-1-specific-Tregs status with regards to their role (beneficial or detrimental) and we will recall some proof-of-concept studies where therapeutic immunization skewed the HIV-1-specific response from Tregs to Teffs which impacts on the magnitude of viral replication. We will also suggest some strategies to shift the balance towards Teffs and potentiate HIV-1-specific immune-responses.http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2018.1434384treg modulationimmune checkpoint blockers, cytokinescombinatorial strategieshiv-1-therapeutic vaccineox40cd39 |
| spellingShingle | Audrey Hubert Nabila Seddiki Regulatory T cells (Tregs): A major immune checkpoint to consider in combinatorial therapeutic HIV-1 vaccines Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics treg modulation immune checkpoint blockers, cytokines combinatorial strategies hiv-1-therapeutic vaccine ox40 cd39 |
| title | Regulatory T cells (Tregs): A major immune checkpoint to consider in combinatorial therapeutic HIV-1 vaccines |
| title_full | Regulatory T cells (Tregs): A major immune checkpoint to consider in combinatorial therapeutic HIV-1 vaccines |
| title_fullStr | Regulatory T cells (Tregs): A major immune checkpoint to consider in combinatorial therapeutic HIV-1 vaccines |
| title_full_unstemmed | Regulatory T cells (Tregs): A major immune checkpoint to consider in combinatorial therapeutic HIV-1 vaccines |
| title_short | Regulatory T cells (Tregs): A major immune checkpoint to consider in combinatorial therapeutic HIV-1 vaccines |
| title_sort | regulatory t cells tregs a major immune checkpoint to consider in combinatorial therapeutic hiv 1 vaccines |
| topic | treg modulation immune checkpoint blockers, cytokines combinatorial strategies hiv-1-therapeutic vaccine ox40 cd39 |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2018.1434384 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT audreyhubert regulatorytcellstregsamajorimmunecheckpointtoconsiderincombinatorialtherapeutichiv1vaccines AT nabilaseddiki regulatorytcellstregsamajorimmunecheckpointtoconsiderincombinatorialtherapeutichiv1vaccines |