Understanding drivers of antibiotic resistance genes in High Arctic soil ecosystems
Soils in tropical and temperate locations are known to be a sink for the genetic potential of anthropogenic-driven acquired antibiotic resistance (AR). In contrast, accumulation of acquired AR is less probable in most Polar soils, providing a platform for characterizing background resistance and est...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2019-04-01
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| Series: | Environment International |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S016041201832587X |
| _version_ | 1819069429402566656 |
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| author | Clare M. McCann Beate Christgen Jennifer A. Roberts Jian-Qiang Su Kathryn E. Arnold Neil D. Gray Yong-Guan Zhu David W. Graham |
| author_facet | Clare M. McCann Beate Christgen Jennifer A. Roberts Jian-Qiang Su Kathryn E. Arnold Neil D. Gray Yong-Guan Zhu David W. Graham |
| author_sort | Clare M. McCann |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Soils in tropical and temperate locations are known to be a sink for the genetic potential of anthropogenic-driven acquired antibiotic resistance (AR). In contrast, accumulation of acquired AR is less probable in most Polar soils, providing a platform for characterizing background resistance and establishing a benchmark for assessing AR spread. Here, high-throughput qPCR and geochemistry were used to quantify the abundance and diversity of both antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and selected mobile genetic elements (MGEs) across eight soil clusters in the Kongsfjorden region of Svalbard in the High Arctic. Relative ARG levels ranged by over two orders of magnitude (10−6 to 10−4 copies/16S rRNA gene copy), and showed a gradient of potential human and wildlife impacts across clusters as evidenced by altered geochemical conditions and increased “foreign” ARG abundances (i.e., allochthonous), including blaNDM-1. Impacted clusters exhibited 100× higher total ARGs and MGEs in tandem with elevated secondary nutrients, especially available P that is typically low and limiting in Arctic soils. In contrast, ARGs in less-impacted clusters correlated strongly to local soil lithology. The most plausible source of exogenous P and allochthonous ARGs in this region is bird and other wildlife guano, disseminated either by local human wastes or via direct carriage and deposition. Regardless of pathway, accumulation of apparent allochthonous ARGs and MGEs in High Arctic soils is concerning, highlighting the importance of characterizing Arctic sites now to establish benchmarks for tracking AR spread around the world. Keywords: High Arctic, Antibiotic resistance, International spread, Wildlife, Geochemistry, High throughput qPCR |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-21T16:49:54Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ebfd7cb804a84f4fb581a5c892386b8c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0160-4120 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-21T16:49:54Z |
| publishDate | 2019-04-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Environment International |
| spelling | doaj.art-ebfd7cb804a84f4fb581a5c892386b8c2022-12-21T18:56:54ZengElsevierEnvironment International0160-41202019-04-01125497504Understanding drivers of antibiotic resistance genes in High Arctic soil ecosystemsClare M. McCann0Beate Christgen1Jennifer A. Roberts2Jian-Qiang Su3Kathryn E. Arnold4Neil D. Gray5Yong-Guan Zhu6David W. Graham7School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK; School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UKSchool of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UKDepartment of Geology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 6604, USAKey Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Science, Xiamen 361021, ChinaDepartment of Environment and Geography, Faculty of Sciences, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5NG, UKSchool of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UKKey Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Science, Xiamen 361021, ChinaSchool of Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK; Corresponding author at: School of Engineering, Cassie Building, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK.Soils in tropical and temperate locations are known to be a sink for the genetic potential of anthropogenic-driven acquired antibiotic resistance (AR). In contrast, accumulation of acquired AR is less probable in most Polar soils, providing a platform for characterizing background resistance and establishing a benchmark for assessing AR spread. Here, high-throughput qPCR and geochemistry were used to quantify the abundance and diversity of both antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and selected mobile genetic elements (MGEs) across eight soil clusters in the Kongsfjorden region of Svalbard in the High Arctic. Relative ARG levels ranged by over two orders of magnitude (10−6 to 10−4 copies/16S rRNA gene copy), and showed a gradient of potential human and wildlife impacts across clusters as evidenced by altered geochemical conditions and increased “foreign” ARG abundances (i.e., allochthonous), including blaNDM-1. Impacted clusters exhibited 100× higher total ARGs and MGEs in tandem with elevated secondary nutrients, especially available P that is typically low and limiting in Arctic soils. In contrast, ARGs in less-impacted clusters correlated strongly to local soil lithology. The most plausible source of exogenous P and allochthonous ARGs in this region is bird and other wildlife guano, disseminated either by local human wastes or via direct carriage and deposition. Regardless of pathway, accumulation of apparent allochthonous ARGs and MGEs in High Arctic soils is concerning, highlighting the importance of characterizing Arctic sites now to establish benchmarks for tracking AR spread around the world. Keywords: High Arctic, Antibiotic resistance, International spread, Wildlife, Geochemistry, High throughput qPCRhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S016041201832587X |
| spellingShingle | Clare M. McCann Beate Christgen Jennifer A. Roberts Jian-Qiang Su Kathryn E. Arnold Neil D. Gray Yong-Guan Zhu David W. Graham Understanding drivers of antibiotic resistance genes in High Arctic soil ecosystems Environment International |
| title | Understanding drivers of antibiotic resistance genes in High Arctic soil ecosystems |
| title_full | Understanding drivers of antibiotic resistance genes in High Arctic soil ecosystems |
| title_fullStr | Understanding drivers of antibiotic resistance genes in High Arctic soil ecosystems |
| title_full_unstemmed | Understanding drivers of antibiotic resistance genes in High Arctic soil ecosystems |
| title_short | Understanding drivers of antibiotic resistance genes in High Arctic soil ecosystems |
| title_sort | understanding drivers of antibiotic resistance genes in high arctic soil ecosystems |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S016041201832587X |
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