Comparison of the clinical presentation across two waves of COVID-19: a retrospective cohort study
Abstract Background Only a few studies have performed comprehensive comparisons between hospitalized patients from different waves of COVID-19. Thus, we aimed to compare the clinical characteristics and laboratory data of patients admitted to the western part of Denmark during the first and second w...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2022-05-01
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| Series: | BMC Infectious Diseases |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-022-07413-3 |
| _version_ | 1818251079799799808 |
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| author | Henriette Nørmølle Buttenschøn Vibeke Lynggaard Susanne Gundersborg Sandbøl Eva Natalia Glassou Annette Haagerup |
| author_facet | Henriette Nørmølle Buttenschøn Vibeke Lynggaard Susanne Gundersborg Sandbøl Eva Natalia Glassou Annette Haagerup |
| author_sort | Henriette Nørmølle Buttenschøn |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Only a few studies have performed comprehensive comparisons between hospitalized patients from different waves of COVID-19. Thus, we aimed to compare the clinical characteristics and laboratory data of patients admitted to the western part of Denmark during the first and second waves of COVID-19 in 2020. Furthermore, we aimed to identify risk factors for critical COVID-19 disease and to describe the available information on the sources of infection. Methods We performed a retrospective study of medical records from 311 consecutive hospitalized patients, 157 patients from wave 1 and 154 patients from wave 2. The period from March 7 to June 30, 2020, was considered wave 1, and the period from July 1st to December 31, 2020, was considered wave 2. Data are presented as the total study population, as a comparison between waves 1 and 2, and as a comparison between patients with and without critical COVID-19 disease (nonsurvivors and patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU)). Results Patients admitted during the first COVID-19 wave experienced a more severe course of disease than patients admitted during wave 2. Admissions to the ICU and fatal disease were significantly higher among patients admitted during wave 1 compared to wave 2. The percentage of patients infected at hospital decreased in wave 2 compared to wave 1, whereas more patients were infected at home during wave 2. We found no significant differences in sociodemographics, lifestyle information, or laboratory data in the comparison of patients from waves 1 and 2. However, age, sex, smoking status, comorbidities, fever, and dyspnea were identified as risk factors for critical COVID-19 disease. Furthermore, we observed significantly increased levels of C-reactive protein and creatinine, and lower hemoglobin levels among patients with critical disease. Conclusions At admission, patients were more severely ill during wave 1 than during wave 2, and the outcomes were worse during wave 1. We confirmed previously identified risk factors for critical COVID-19 disease. In addition, we found that most COVID-19 infections were acquired at home. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-12T16:02:35Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ec0a1a62de8f402cafb8b9af94bbb26a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1471-2334 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-12T16:02:35Z |
| publishDate | 2022-05-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Infectious Diseases |
| spelling | doaj.art-ec0a1a62de8f402cafb8b9af94bbb26a2022-12-22T00:19:23ZengBMCBMC Infectious Diseases1471-23342022-05-0122111110.1186/s12879-022-07413-3Comparison of the clinical presentation across two waves of COVID-19: a retrospective cohort studyHenriette Nørmølle Buttenschøn0Vibeke Lynggaard1Susanne Gundersborg Sandbøl2Eva Natalia Glassou3Annette Haagerup4NIDO | Centre for Research and Education, Gødstrup HospitalCardiovascular Research Unit, Department of Cardiology, NIDO | Centre for Research and Education, Gødstrup HospitalNIDO | Centre for Research and Education, Gødstrup HospitalDepartment of Quality, NIDO | Centre for Research and Education, Gødstrup HospitalNIDO | Centre for Research and Education, Gødstrup HospitalAbstract Background Only a few studies have performed comprehensive comparisons between hospitalized patients from different waves of COVID-19. Thus, we aimed to compare the clinical characteristics and laboratory data of patients admitted to the western part of Denmark during the first and second waves of COVID-19 in 2020. Furthermore, we aimed to identify risk factors for critical COVID-19 disease and to describe the available information on the sources of infection. Methods We performed a retrospective study of medical records from 311 consecutive hospitalized patients, 157 patients from wave 1 and 154 patients from wave 2. The period from March 7 to June 30, 2020, was considered wave 1, and the period from July 1st to December 31, 2020, was considered wave 2. Data are presented as the total study population, as a comparison between waves 1 and 2, and as a comparison between patients with and without critical COVID-19 disease (nonsurvivors and patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU)). Results Patients admitted during the first COVID-19 wave experienced a more severe course of disease than patients admitted during wave 2. Admissions to the ICU and fatal disease were significantly higher among patients admitted during wave 1 compared to wave 2. The percentage of patients infected at hospital decreased in wave 2 compared to wave 1, whereas more patients were infected at home during wave 2. We found no significant differences in sociodemographics, lifestyle information, or laboratory data in the comparison of patients from waves 1 and 2. However, age, sex, smoking status, comorbidities, fever, and dyspnea were identified as risk factors for critical COVID-19 disease. Furthermore, we observed significantly increased levels of C-reactive protein and creatinine, and lower hemoglobin levels among patients with critical disease. Conclusions At admission, patients were more severely ill during wave 1 than during wave 2, and the outcomes were worse during wave 1. We confirmed previously identified risk factors for critical COVID-19 disease. In addition, we found that most COVID-19 infections were acquired at home.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-022-07413-3Clinical characteristicsCoronavirusCOVID-19Critical diseaseExposureLaboratory data |
| spellingShingle | Henriette Nørmølle Buttenschøn Vibeke Lynggaard Susanne Gundersborg Sandbøl Eva Natalia Glassou Annette Haagerup Comparison of the clinical presentation across two waves of COVID-19: a retrospective cohort study BMC Infectious Diseases Clinical characteristics Coronavirus COVID-19 Critical disease Exposure Laboratory data |
| title | Comparison of the clinical presentation across two waves of COVID-19: a retrospective cohort study |
| title_full | Comparison of the clinical presentation across two waves of COVID-19: a retrospective cohort study |
| title_fullStr | Comparison of the clinical presentation across two waves of COVID-19: a retrospective cohort study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Comparison of the clinical presentation across two waves of COVID-19: a retrospective cohort study |
| title_short | Comparison of the clinical presentation across two waves of COVID-19: a retrospective cohort study |
| title_sort | comparison of the clinical presentation across two waves of covid 19 a retrospective cohort study |
| topic | Clinical characteristics Coronavirus COVID-19 Critical disease Exposure Laboratory data |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-022-07413-3 |
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