Contrast Enhanced EUS for Predicting Solid Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumor Grade and Aggressiveness
Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor (PNET) behavior assessment is a daily challenge for physicians. Modern PNET management varies from a watch-and-wait strategy to surgery depending on tumor aggressiveness. Therefore, the aggressiveness definition plays a pivotal role in the PNET work-up. The aggressive...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-01-01
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| Series: | Diagnostics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/13/2/239 |
| _version_ | 1827626845909024768 |
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| author | Gianluca Franchellucci Marta Andreozzi Silvia Carrara Luca De Luca Francesco Auriemma Danilo Paduano Federica Calabrese Antonio Facciorusso Valeria Poletti Alessandro Zerbi Andrea Gerardo Lania Alexia Francesca Bertuzzi Paola Spaggiari Vittorio Pedicini Marcello Rodari Pietro Fusaroli Andrea Lisotti Andrew Ofosu Alessandro Repici Benedetto Mangiavillano |
| author_facet | Gianluca Franchellucci Marta Andreozzi Silvia Carrara Luca De Luca Francesco Auriemma Danilo Paduano Federica Calabrese Antonio Facciorusso Valeria Poletti Alessandro Zerbi Andrea Gerardo Lania Alexia Francesca Bertuzzi Paola Spaggiari Vittorio Pedicini Marcello Rodari Pietro Fusaroli Andrea Lisotti Andrew Ofosu Alessandro Repici Benedetto Mangiavillano |
| author_sort | Gianluca Franchellucci |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor (PNET) behavior assessment is a daily challenge for physicians. Modern PNET management varies from a watch-and-wait strategy to surgery depending on tumor aggressiveness. Therefore, the aggressiveness definition plays a pivotal role in the PNET work-up. The aggressiveness of PNETs is mainly based on the dimensions and histological grading, with sometimes a lack of specificity and sensibility. In the last twenty years, EUS has become a cornerstone in the diagnostic phase of PNET management for its high diagnostic yield and the possibility of obtaining a histological specimen. The number of EUS applications in the PNET work-up has been rapidly increasing with new and powerful possibilities. The application of contrast has led to an important step in PNET detection; in recent years, it has been gaining interesting applications in aggressiveness assessment. In this review, we underline the latest experiences and opportunities in the behavior assessment of PNETs using contact-enhanced EUS and contested enhanced harmonic EUS with a particular focus on the future application and possibility that these techniques could provide. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T13:03:16Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ec1d39c3d07d4cf7b4e638bbfbd70550 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-4418 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T13:03:16Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Diagnostics |
| spelling | doaj.art-ec1d39c3d07d4cf7b4e638bbfbd705502023-11-30T21:51:57ZengMDPI AGDiagnostics2075-44182023-01-0113223910.3390/diagnostics13020239Contrast Enhanced EUS for Predicting Solid Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumor Grade and AggressivenessGianluca Franchellucci0Marta Andreozzi1Silvia Carrara2Luca De Luca3Francesco Auriemma4Danilo Paduano5Federica Calabrese6Antonio Facciorusso7Valeria Poletti8Alessandro Zerbi9Andrea Gerardo Lania10Alexia Francesca Bertuzzi11Paola Spaggiari12Vittorio Pedicini13Marcello Rodari14Pietro Fusaroli15Andrea Lisotti16Andrew Ofosu17Alessandro Repici18Benedetto Mangiavillano19Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Unit, Humanitas Mater Domini, 21053 Castellanza, ItalyEndoscopic Unit, Department of Gastroenterology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, 20089 Rozzano, ItalyEndoscopic Unit, Department of Gastroenterology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, 20089 Rozzano, ItalyEndoscopic Unit, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, 20142 Milan, ItalyGastrointestinal Endoscopy Unit, Humanitas Mater Domini, 21053 Castellanza, ItalyGastrointestinal Endoscopy Unit, Humanitas Mater Domini, 21053 Castellanza, ItalyGastrointestinal Endoscopy Unit, Humanitas Mater Domini, 21053 Castellanza, ItalyGastroenterology Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, ItalyGastrointestinal Endoscopy Unit, Humanitas Mater Domini, 21053 Castellanza, ItalyDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, 20072 Pieve Emanuele, ItalyEndocrinology, Diabetology and Medical Andrology Unit, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center—IRCCS, 20089 Rozzano, ItalyMedical Oncology and Hematology Unit, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center—IRCCS, 20089 Rozzano, ItalyDepartment of Pathology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center—IRCCS, 20089 Rozzano, ItalyDepartment of Interventional Radiology, Humanitas University, Humanitas Research Hospital IRCCS, 20089 Rozzano, ItalyDepartment of Nuclear Medicine, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano, ItalyGastroenterology Unit, Hospital of Imola, University of Bologna, 40126 Imola, ItalyGastroenterology Unit, Hospital of Imola, University of Bologna, 40126 Imola, ItalyDivision of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221, USADepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, 20072 Pieve Emanuele, ItalyGastrointestinal Endoscopy Unit, Humanitas Mater Domini, 21053 Castellanza, ItalyPancreatic neuroendocrine tumor (PNET) behavior assessment is a daily challenge for physicians. Modern PNET management varies from a watch-and-wait strategy to surgery depending on tumor aggressiveness. Therefore, the aggressiveness definition plays a pivotal role in the PNET work-up. The aggressiveness of PNETs is mainly based on the dimensions and histological grading, with sometimes a lack of specificity and sensibility. In the last twenty years, EUS has become a cornerstone in the diagnostic phase of PNET management for its high diagnostic yield and the possibility of obtaining a histological specimen. The number of EUS applications in the PNET work-up has been rapidly increasing with new and powerful possibilities. The application of contrast has led to an important step in PNET detection; in recent years, it has been gaining interesting applications in aggressiveness assessment. In this review, we underline the latest experiences and opportunities in the behavior assessment of PNETs using contact-enhanced EUS and contested enhanced harmonic EUS with a particular focus on the future application and possibility that these techniques could provide.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/13/2/239EUSCE-EUSCH-EUSPNETaggressivenessgrading |
| spellingShingle | Gianluca Franchellucci Marta Andreozzi Silvia Carrara Luca De Luca Francesco Auriemma Danilo Paduano Federica Calabrese Antonio Facciorusso Valeria Poletti Alessandro Zerbi Andrea Gerardo Lania Alexia Francesca Bertuzzi Paola Spaggiari Vittorio Pedicini Marcello Rodari Pietro Fusaroli Andrea Lisotti Andrew Ofosu Alessandro Repici Benedetto Mangiavillano Contrast Enhanced EUS for Predicting Solid Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumor Grade and Aggressiveness Diagnostics EUS CE-EUS CH-EUS PNET aggressiveness grading |
| title | Contrast Enhanced EUS for Predicting Solid Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumor Grade and Aggressiveness |
| title_full | Contrast Enhanced EUS for Predicting Solid Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumor Grade and Aggressiveness |
| title_fullStr | Contrast Enhanced EUS for Predicting Solid Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumor Grade and Aggressiveness |
| title_full_unstemmed | Contrast Enhanced EUS for Predicting Solid Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumor Grade and Aggressiveness |
| title_short | Contrast Enhanced EUS for Predicting Solid Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumor Grade and Aggressiveness |
| title_sort | contrast enhanced eus for predicting solid pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor grade and aggressiveness |
| topic | EUS CE-EUS CH-EUS PNET aggressiveness grading |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/13/2/239 |
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