Real-Time Water Level Monitoring Based on GNSS Dual-Antenna Attitude Measurement
Real-time and high-precision water level monitoring is crucial for the fields of hydrology, hydraulic engineering, and disaster prevention and control. The most prevalent method for measuring water level is through the use of water level gauges, which can be costly and have limited coverage. In rece...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-06-01
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| Series: | Remote Sensing |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/12/3119 |
| _version_ | 1797592816064397312 |
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| author | Pengjie Zhang Zhiguo Pang Jingxuan Lu Wei Jiang Minghan Sun |
| author_facet | Pengjie Zhang Zhiguo Pang Jingxuan Lu Wei Jiang Minghan Sun |
| author_sort | Pengjie Zhang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Real-time and high-precision water level monitoring is crucial for the fields of hydrology, hydraulic engineering, and disaster prevention and control. The most prevalent method for measuring water level is through the use of water level gauges, which can be costly and have limited coverage. In recent years, Global Navigation Satellite System Reflectometry (GNSS-R) technology has emerged as a promising approach for water level monitoring due to its low cost and high coverage. However, a limitation of current GNSS-R technology is the extended time required to record signals, which hinders its potential for real-time application. This paper introduces a novel real-time water level monitoring method based on GNSS dual-antenna attitude measurement and develops a model to invert water level based on baseline vector. This method uses double-difference observations to eliminate errors caused by various factors, such as satellite and receiver clock, and ionospheric and tropospheric delay. To avoid the impact of detecting and correcting cycle slips during real-time operations, a single-epoch calculation method is introduced. In order to verify the stability and reliability of our method, field tests were carried out at Dongshahe Station in Beijing. We obtained water level data with a time resolution of 1 Hz through field experiments. Experimental data collected from 12 May to 8 June 2022 and from 4 July to 8 August 2022 showed good agreement with on-site water gauge measurements, with root mean square errors of 2.77 cm and 2.54 cm, respectively. Experimental results demonstrate that this method can achieve high-precision, high-temporal-resolution water level monitoring. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T01:59:27Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ec48d689547c41309714ebfe3be0bd92 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-4292 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T01:59:27Z |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Remote Sensing |
| spelling | doaj.art-ec48d689547c41309714ebfe3be0bd922023-11-18T12:26:43ZengMDPI AGRemote Sensing2072-42922023-06-011512311910.3390/rs15123119Real-Time Water Level Monitoring Based on GNSS Dual-Antenna Attitude MeasurementPengjie Zhang0Zhiguo Pang1Jingxuan Lu2Wei Jiang3Minghan Sun4State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, ChinaReal-time and high-precision water level monitoring is crucial for the fields of hydrology, hydraulic engineering, and disaster prevention and control. The most prevalent method for measuring water level is through the use of water level gauges, which can be costly and have limited coverage. In recent years, Global Navigation Satellite System Reflectometry (GNSS-R) technology has emerged as a promising approach for water level monitoring due to its low cost and high coverage. However, a limitation of current GNSS-R technology is the extended time required to record signals, which hinders its potential for real-time application. This paper introduces a novel real-time water level monitoring method based on GNSS dual-antenna attitude measurement and develops a model to invert water level based on baseline vector. This method uses double-difference observations to eliminate errors caused by various factors, such as satellite and receiver clock, and ionospheric and tropospheric delay. To avoid the impact of detecting and correcting cycle slips during real-time operations, a single-epoch calculation method is introduced. In order to verify the stability and reliability of our method, field tests were carried out at Dongshahe Station in Beijing. We obtained water level data with a time resolution of 1 Hz through field experiments. Experimental data collected from 12 May to 8 June 2022 and from 4 July to 8 August 2022 showed good agreement with on-site water gauge measurements, with root mean square errors of 2.77 cm and 2.54 cm, respectively. Experimental results demonstrate that this method can achieve high-precision, high-temporal-resolution water level monitoring.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/12/3119GNSS-RGNSS dual-antenna attitude measurementwater level |
| spellingShingle | Pengjie Zhang Zhiguo Pang Jingxuan Lu Wei Jiang Minghan Sun Real-Time Water Level Monitoring Based on GNSS Dual-Antenna Attitude Measurement Remote Sensing GNSS-R GNSS dual-antenna attitude measurement water level |
| title | Real-Time Water Level Monitoring Based on GNSS Dual-Antenna Attitude Measurement |
| title_full | Real-Time Water Level Monitoring Based on GNSS Dual-Antenna Attitude Measurement |
| title_fullStr | Real-Time Water Level Monitoring Based on GNSS Dual-Antenna Attitude Measurement |
| title_full_unstemmed | Real-Time Water Level Monitoring Based on GNSS Dual-Antenna Attitude Measurement |
| title_short | Real-Time Water Level Monitoring Based on GNSS Dual-Antenna Attitude Measurement |
| title_sort | real time water level monitoring based on gnss dual antenna attitude measurement |
| topic | GNSS-R GNSS dual-antenna attitude measurement water level |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/12/3119 |
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