Long-Term Effects of Climate and Litter Chemistry on Rates and Stable Fractions of Decomposing Scots Pine and Norway Spruce Needle Litter—A Synthesis
We have reviewed information on early-, late- and limit-value decomposition stages for litter of Norway spruce (<i>Picea abies</i>) and Scots pine (<i>Pinus silvestris</i>). This synthesis covers c 16 studies/papers made along a climatic gradient; range in mean annual tempera...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-01-01
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| Series: | Forests |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/13/1/125 |
| _version_ | 1797494016893255680 |
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| author | Björn Berg Mikael Lönn |
| author_facet | Björn Berg Mikael Lönn |
| author_sort | Björn Berg |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | We have reviewed information on early-, late- and limit-value decomposition stages for litter of Norway spruce (<i>Picea abies</i>) and Scots pine (<i>Pinus silvestris</i>). This synthesis covers c 16 studies/papers made along a climatic gradient; range in mean annual temperature (MAT) from −1 to +7 °C and mean annual precipitation (MAP) from 425 to 1070 mm. Scots pine has an early stage dominated by carbohydrate decomposition and a late stage dominated by decomposition of lignin; Norway spruce has just one stage dominated by lignin decomposition. We used data for annual mass loss to identify rate-regulating factors in both stages; climate data, namely, MAT and MAP, as well as substrate properties, namely, nitrogen (N), acid unhydrolyzable residue (AUR), manganese (Mn). Early-stage decomposition for Scots pine litter was dominated positively by MAT; the late stage was dominated negatively by MAT, N, and AUR, changing with decomposition stage; there was no effect of Mn. Norway spruce litter had no early stage; decomposition in the lignin-dominated stage was mainly negative to MAP, a negative relationship to AUR and non-significant relationships to N and MAT. Mn had a positive relationship. Limit values for decomposition, namely, the accumulated mass loss at which decomposition is calculated to be zero, were related positively to Mn and AUR for Scots pine litter and negatively to AUR for Norway spruce litter. With different sets of rate-regulating factors as well as different compounds/elements related to the limit values, the decomposition patterns or pathways are different. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T01:28:15Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ec4c24faaf7442ad94ae610594d8e3b8 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1999-4907 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T01:28:15Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Forests |
| spelling | doaj.art-ec4c24faaf7442ad94ae610594d8e3b82023-11-23T13:48:15ZengMDPI AGForests1999-49072022-01-0113112510.3390/f13010125Long-Term Effects of Climate and Litter Chemistry on Rates and Stable Fractions of Decomposing Scots Pine and Norway Spruce Needle Litter—A SynthesisBjörn Berg0Mikael Lönn1Department of Forest Sciences, University of Helsinki, FIN-00014 Helsinki, FinlandFaculty of Engineering, Sustainable Development Department of Electrical Engineering, Mathematics, and Science, University of Gävle, SE-801 76 Gävle, SwedenWe have reviewed information on early-, late- and limit-value decomposition stages for litter of Norway spruce (<i>Picea abies</i>) and Scots pine (<i>Pinus silvestris</i>). This synthesis covers c 16 studies/papers made along a climatic gradient; range in mean annual temperature (MAT) from −1 to +7 °C and mean annual precipitation (MAP) from 425 to 1070 mm. Scots pine has an early stage dominated by carbohydrate decomposition and a late stage dominated by decomposition of lignin; Norway spruce has just one stage dominated by lignin decomposition. We used data for annual mass loss to identify rate-regulating factors in both stages; climate data, namely, MAT and MAP, as well as substrate properties, namely, nitrogen (N), acid unhydrolyzable residue (AUR), manganese (Mn). Early-stage decomposition for Scots pine litter was dominated positively by MAT; the late stage was dominated negatively by MAT, N, and AUR, changing with decomposition stage; there was no effect of Mn. Norway spruce litter had no early stage; decomposition in the lignin-dominated stage was mainly negative to MAP, a negative relationship to AUR and non-significant relationships to N and MAT. Mn had a positive relationship. Limit values for decomposition, namely, the accumulated mass loss at which decomposition is calculated to be zero, were related positively to Mn and AUR for Scots pine litter and negatively to AUR for Norway spruce litter. With different sets of rate-regulating factors as well as different compounds/elements related to the limit values, the decomposition patterns or pathways are different.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/13/1/125decompositionacid unhydrolyzable residuemanganesenitrogenplant litterlimit values |
| spellingShingle | Björn Berg Mikael Lönn Long-Term Effects of Climate and Litter Chemistry on Rates and Stable Fractions of Decomposing Scots Pine and Norway Spruce Needle Litter—A Synthesis Forests decomposition acid unhydrolyzable residue manganese nitrogen plant litter limit values |
| title | Long-Term Effects of Climate and Litter Chemistry on Rates and Stable Fractions of Decomposing Scots Pine and Norway Spruce Needle Litter—A Synthesis |
| title_full | Long-Term Effects of Climate and Litter Chemistry on Rates and Stable Fractions of Decomposing Scots Pine and Norway Spruce Needle Litter—A Synthesis |
| title_fullStr | Long-Term Effects of Climate and Litter Chemistry on Rates and Stable Fractions of Decomposing Scots Pine and Norway Spruce Needle Litter—A Synthesis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Long-Term Effects of Climate and Litter Chemistry on Rates and Stable Fractions of Decomposing Scots Pine and Norway Spruce Needle Litter—A Synthesis |
| title_short | Long-Term Effects of Climate and Litter Chemistry on Rates and Stable Fractions of Decomposing Scots Pine and Norway Spruce Needle Litter—A Synthesis |
| title_sort | long term effects of climate and litter chemistry on rates and stable fractions of decomposing scots pine and norway spruce needle litter a synthesis |
| topic | decomposition acid unhydrolyzable residue manganese nitrogen plant litter limit values |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/13/1/125 |
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