Biochemical Responses and Leaf Gas Exchange of Fig (<i>Ficus carica</i> L.) to Water Stress, Short-Term Elevated CO<sub>2</sub> Levels and Brassinolide Application
The identification of the key components in the response to drought stress is fundamental to upgrading drought tolerance of plants. In this study, biochemical responses and leaf gas exchange characteristics of fig (<i>Ficus carica</i> L.) to water stress, short-term elevated CO<sub>...
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MDPI AG
2021-04-01
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| Series: | Horticulturae |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2311-7524/7/4/73 |
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| author | Zulias Mardinata Tengku Edy Sabli Saripah Ulpah |
| author_facet | Zulias Mardinata Tengku Edy Sabli Saripah Ulpah |
| author_sort | Zulias Mardinata |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The identification of the key components in the response to drought stress is fundamental to upgrading drought tolerance of plants. In this study, biochemical responses and leaf gas exchange characteristics of fig (<i>Ficus carica</i> L.) to water stress, short-term elevated CO<sub>2</sub> levels and brassinolide application were evaluated. The ‘Improved Brown Turkey’ cultivar of fig was propagated from mature two- to three-year-old plants using cuttings, and transferred into a substrate containing 3:2:1 mixed soil (top soil: organic matters: sand). The experiment was arranged as a nested design with eight replications. To assess changes in leaf gas exchange and biochemical responses, these plants were subjected to two levels of water stress (well-watered and drought-stressed) and grown under ambient CO<sub>2</sub> and 800 ppm CO<sub>2</sub>. Water deficits led to effects on photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, vapour pressure deficit, water use efficiency (WUE), intercellular CO<sub>2</sub>, and intrinsic WUE, though often with effects only at ambient or elevated CO<sub>2</sub>. Some changes in content of chlorophyll, proline, starch, protein, malondialdehyde, soluble sugars, and activities of peroxidase and catalase were also noted but were dependent on CO<sub>2</sub> level. Overall, fewer differences between well-watered and drought-stressed plants were evident at elevated CO<sub>2</sub> than at ambient CO<sub>2</sub>. Under drought stress, elevated CO<sub>2</sub> may have boosted physiological and metabolic activities through improved protein synthesis enabling maintenance of tissue water potential and activities of antioxidant enzymes, which reduced lipid peroxidation. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T12:34:20Z |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T12:34:20Z |
| publishDate | 2021-04-01 |
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| series | Horticulturae |
| spelling | doaj.art-ec538cad8bc44200bfa4b386fa5c2a922023-11-21T14:26:50ZengMDPI AGHorticulturae2311-75242021-04-01747310.3390/horticulturae7040073Biochemical Responses and Leaf Gas Exchange of Fig (<i>Ficus carica</i> L.) to Water Stress, Short-Term Elevated CO<sub>2</sub> Levels and Brassinolide ApplicationZulias Mardinata0Tengku Edy Sabli1Saripah Ulpah2Department of Agronomy, School of Graduate Studies, Islamic University of Riau, Marpoyan, Pekanbaru 28284, IndonesiaDepartment of Agrotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Islamic University of Riau, Marpoyan, Pekanbaru 28284, IndonesiaDepartment of Agronomy, School of Graduate Studies, Islamic University of Riau, Marpoyan, Pekanbaru 28284, IndonesiaThe identification of the key components in the response to drought stress is fundamental to upgrading drought tolerance of plants. In this study, biochemical responses and leaf gas exchange characteristics of fig (<i>Ficus carica</i> L.) to water stress, short-term elevated CO<sub>2</sub> levels and brassinolide application were evaluated. The ‘Improved Brown Turkey’ cultivar of fig was propagated from mature two- to three-year-old plants using cuttings, and transferred into a substrate containing 3:2:1 mixed soil (top soil: organic matters: sand). The experiment was arranged as a nested design with eight replications. To assess changes in leaf gas exchange and biochemical responses, these plants were subjected to two levels of water stress (well-watered and drought-stressed) and grown under ambient CO<sub>2</sub> and 800 ppm CO<sub>2</sub>. Water deficits led to effects on photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, vapour pressure deficit, water use efficiency (WUE), intercellular CO<sub>2</sub>, and intrinsic WUE, though often with effects only at ambient or elevated CO<sub>2</sub>. Some changes in content of chlorophyll, proline, starch, protein, malondialdehyde, soluble sugars, and activities of peroxidase and catalase were also noted but were dependent on CO<sub>2</sub> level. Overall, fewer differences between well-watered and drought-stressed plants were evident at elevated CO<sub>2</sub> than at ambient CO<sub>2</sub>. Under drought stress, elevated CO<sub>2</sub> may have boosted physiological and metabolic activities through improved protein synthesis enabling maintenance of tissue water potential and activities of antioxidant enzymes, which reduced lipid peroxidation.https://www.mdpi.com/2311-7524/7/4/73biochemical responseselevated CO<sub>2</sub>brassinolidefigwater stress |
| spellingShingle | Zulias Mardinata Tengku Edy Sabli Saripah Ulpah Biochemical Responses and Leaf Gas Exchange of Fig (<i>Ficus carica</i> L.) to Water Stress, Short-Term Elevated CO<sub>2</sub> Levels and Brassinolide Application Horticulturae biochemical responses elevated CO<sub>2</sub> brassinolide fig water stress |
| title | Biochemical Responses and Leaf Gas Exchange of Fig (<i>Ficus carica</i> L.) to Water Stress, Short-Term Elevated CO<sub>2</sub> Levels and Brassinolide Application |
| title_full | Biochemical Responses and Leaf Gas Exchange of Fig (<i>Ficus carica</i> L.) to Water Stress, Short-Term Elevated CO<sub>2</sub> Levels and Brassinolide Application |
| title_fullStr | Biochemical Responses and Leaf Gas Exchange of Fig (<i>Ficus carica</i> L.) to Water Stress, Short-Term Elevated CO<sub>2</sub> Levels and Brassinolide Application |
| title_full_unstemmed | Biochemical Responses and Leaf Gas Exchange of Fig (<i>Ficus carica</i> L.) to Water Stress, Short-Term Elevated CO<sub>2</sub> Levels and Brassinolide Application |
| title_short | Biochemical Responses and Leaf Gas Exchange of Fig (<i>Ficus carica</i> L.) to Water Stress, Short-Term Elevated CO<sub>2</sub> Levels and Brassinolide Application |
| title_sort | biochemical responses and leaf gas exchange of fig i ficus carica i l to water stress short term elevated co sub 2 sub levels and brassinolide application |
| topic | biochemical responses elevated CO<sub>2</sub> brassinolide fig water stress |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2311-7524/7/4/73 |
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