The Optimization of Dispersion and Application Techniques for Nanocarbon-Doped Mixed Matrix Gas Separation Membranes
In this work, supported cellulose acetate (CA) mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) were prepared and studied concerning their gas separation behaviors. The dispersion of carbon nanotube fillers were studied as a factor of polymer and filler concentrations using the mixing methods of the rotor–stator syste...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-01-01
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| Series: | Membranes |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0375/12/1/87 |
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| author | Ruben Hammerstein Tim Schubert Gerd Braun Tobias Wolf Stéphan Barbe Antje Quade Rüdiger Foest Dionysios S. Karousos Evangelos P. Favvas |
| author_facet | Ruben Hammerstein Tim Schubert Gerd Braun Tobias Wolf Stéphan Barbe Antje Quade Rüdiger Foest Dionysios S. Karousos Evangelos P. Favvas |
| author_sort | Ruben Hammerstein |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In this work, supported cellulose acetate (CA) mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) were prepared and studied concerning their gas separation behaviors. The dispersion of carbon nanotube fillers were studied as a factor of polymer and filler concentrations using the mixing methods of the rotor–stator system (RS) and the three-roll-mill system (TRM). Compared to the dispersion quality achieved by RS, samples prepared using the TRM seem to have slightly bigger, but fewer and more homogenously distributed, agglomerates. The green γ-butyrolactone (GBL) was chosen as a polyimide (PI) polymer-solvent, whereas diacetone alcohol (DAA) was used for preparing the CA solutions. The coating of the thin CA separation layer was applied using a spin coater. For coating on the PP carriers, a short parameter study was conducted regarding the plasma treatment to affect the wettability, the coating speed, and the volume of dispersion that was applied to the carrier. As predicted by the parameter study, the amount of dispersion that remained on the carriers decreased with an increasing rotational speed during the spin coating process. The dry separation layer thickness was varied between about 1.4 and 4.7 μm. Electrically conductive additives in a non-conductive matrix showed a steeply increasing electrical conductivity after passing the so-called percolation threshold. This was used to evaluate the agglomeration behavior in suspension and in the applied layer. Gas permeation tests were performed using a constant volume apparatus at feed pressures of 5, 10, and 15 bar. The highest calculated CO<sub>2</sub>/N<sub>2</sub> selectivity (ideal), 21, was achieved for the CA membrane and corresponded to a CO<sub>2</sub> permeability of 49.6 Barrer. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T00:59:09Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ec574308b5804158a73334ca79fab1bb |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2077-0375 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T00:59:09Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Membranes |
| spelling | doaj.art-ec574308b5804158a73334ca79fab1bb2023-11-23T14:39:08ZengMDPI AGMembranes2077-03752022-01-011218710.3390/membranes12010087The Optimization of Dispersion and Application Techniques for Nanocarbon-Doped Mixed Matrix Gas Separation MembranesRuben Hammerstein0Tim Schubert1Gerd Braun2Tobias Wolf3Stéphan Barbe4Antje Quade5Rüdiger Foest6Dionysios S. Karousos7Evangelos P. Favvas8Institute of Chemical Process Engineering and Plant Design, TH Köln, 50679 Cologne, GermanyInstitute of Chemical Process Engineering and Plant Design, TH Köln, 50679 Cologne, GermanyInstitute of Chemical Process Engineering and Plant Design, TH Köln, 50679 Cologne, GermanyFaculty of Applied Natural Sciences, Chemical Engineering, TH Köln, 51368 Leverkusen, GermanyFaculty of Applied Natural Sciences, Chemical Engineering, TH Köln, 51368 Leverkusen, GermanyLeibniz-Institute for Plasma Science and Technology e.V. (INP), 17489 Greifswald, GermanyLeibniz-Institute for Plasma Science and Technology e.V. (INP), 17489 Greifswald, GermanyInstitute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National Center for Scientific Research “Demokritos”, Aghia Paraskevi, 15341 Athens, GreeceInstitute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National Center for Scientific Research “Demokritos”, Aghia Paraskevi, 15341 Athens, GreeceIn this work, supported cellulose acetate (CA) mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) were prepared and studied concerning their gas separation behaviors. The dispersion of carbon nanotube fillers were studied as a factor of polymer and filler concentrations using the mixing methods of the rotor–stator system (RS) and the three-roll-mill system (TRM). Compared to the dispersion quality achieved by RS, samples prepared using the TRM seem to have slightly bigger, but fewer and more homogenously distributed, agglomerates. The green γ-butyrolactone (GBL) was chosen as a polyimide (PI) polymer-solvent, whereas diacetone alcohol (DAA) was used for preparing the CA solutions. The coating of the thin CA separation layer was applied using a spin coater. For coating on the PP carriers, a short parameter study was conducted regarding the plasma treatment to affect the wettability, the coating speed, and the volume of dispersion that was applied to the carrier. As predicted by the parameter study, the amount of dispersion that remained on the carriers decreased with an increasing rotational speed during the spin coating process. The dry separation layer thickness was varied between about 1.4 and 4.7 μm. Electrically conductive additives in a non-conductive matrix showed a steeply increasing electrical conductivity after passing the so-called percolation threshold. This was used to evaluate the agglomeration behavior in suspension and in the applied layer. Gas permeation tests were performed using a constant volume apparatus at feed pressures of 5, 10, and 15 bar. The highest calculated CO<sub>2</sub>/N<sub>2</sub> selectivity (ideal), 21, was achieved for the CA membrane and corresponded to a CO<sub>2</sub> permeability of 49.6 Barrer.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0375/12/1/87mixed matrix membranes (MMMs)supported thin filmscellulose acetatepolyimideCNT dispersionplasma treatment |
| spellingShingle | Ruben Hammerstein Tim Schubert Gerd Braun Tobias Wolf Stéphan Barbe Antje Quade Rüdiger Foest Dionysios S. Karousos Evangelos P. Favvas The Optimization of Dispersion and Application Techniques for Nanocarbon-Doped Mixed Matrix Gas Separation Membranes Membranes mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) supported thin films cellulose acetate polyimide CNT dispersion plasma treatment |
| title | The Optimization of Dispersion and Application Techniques for Nanocarbon-Doped Mixed Matrix Gas Separation Membranes |
| title_full | The Optimization of Dispersion and Application Techniques for Nanocarbon-Doped Mixed Matrix Gas Separation Membranes |
| title_fullStr | The Optimization of Dispersion and Application Techniques for Nanocarbon-Doped Mixed Matrix Gas Separation Membranes |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Optimization of Dispersion and Application Techniques for Nanocarbon-Doped Mixed Matrix Gas Separation Membranes |
| title_short | The Optimization of Dispersion and Application Techniques for Nanocarbon-Doped Mixed Matrix Gas Separation Membranes |
| title_sort | optimization of dispersion and application techniques for nanocarbon doped mixed matrix gas separation membranes |
| topic | mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) supported thin films cellulose acetate polyimide CNT dispersion plasma treatment |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0375/12/1/87 |
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