Determination of the Effective Elastic Modulus for Nodular Cast Iron Using the Boundary Element Method
In this work, a multiscale homogenization procedure using the boundary element method (BEM) for modeling a two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) multiphase microstructure is presented. A numerical routine is specially written for modeling nodular cast iron (NCI) considering the graphite no...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2018-08-01
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| Series: | Metals |
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| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/8/8/641 |
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| author | Adrián Betancur Carla Anflor André Pereira Ricardo Leiderman |
| author_facet | Adrián Betancur Carla Anflor André Pereira Ricardo Leiderman |
| author_sort | Adrián Betancur |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In this work, a multiscale homogenization procedure using the boundary element method (BEM) for modeling a two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) multiphase microstructure is presented. A numerical routine is specially written for modeling nodular cast iron (NCI) considering the graphite nodules as cylindrical and real geometries. The BEM is used as a numerical approach for solving the elastic problem of a representative volume element from a mean field model. Numerical models for NCI have generally been developed considering the graphite nodules as voids due to their soft feature. In this sense, three numerical models are developed, and the homogenization procedure is carried out considering the graphite nodules as non-voids. Experimental tensile, hardness, and microhardness tests are performed to determine the mechanical properties of the overall material, matrix, and inclusion nodules, respectively. The nodule sizes, distributions, and chemical compositions are determined by laser scanning microscopy, an X-ray computerized microtomography system (micro-CT), and energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy, respectively. For the numerical model with real inclusions, the boundary mesh is obtained from micro-CT data. The effective properties obtained by considering the real and synthetic nodules’ geometries are compared with those obtained from the experimental work and the existing literature. The final results considering both approaches demonstrate a good agreement. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-12T09:15:48Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ec5f77c67c1342aa916b7123d0fae983 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-4701 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-12T09:15:48Z |
| publishDate | 2018-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Metals |
| spelling | doaj.art-ec5f77c67c1342aa916b7123d0fae9832022-12-22T00:29:24ZengMDPI AGMetals2075-47012018-08-018864110.3390/met8080641met8080641Determination of the Effective Elastic Modulus for Nodular Cast Iron Using the Boundary Element MethodAdrián Betancur0Carla Anflor1André Pereira2Ricardo Leiderman3Group of Experimental and Computational Mechanics, University of Brasília, 72.405-610 Gama, BrazilGroup of Experimental and Computational Mechanics, University of Brasília, 72.405-610 Gama, BrazilEngineering School, Fluminense Federal University, Rua Passo da Patria 156, 24210-240 Niterói, BrazilInstitute of Computing, Fluminense Federal University, Rua Passo da Pátria 156, 24210-240 Niterói, BrazilIn this work, a multiscale homogenization procedure using the boundary element method (BEM) for modeling a two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) multiphase microstructure is presented. A numerical routine is specially written for modeling nodular cast iron (NCI) considering the graphite nodules as cylindrical and real geometries. The BEM is used as a numerical approach for solving the elastic problem of a representative volume element from a mean field model. Numerical models for NCI have generally been developed considering the graphite nodules as voids due to their soft feature. In this sense, three numerical models are developed, and the homogenization procedure is carried out considering the graphite nodules as non-voids. Experimental tensile, hardness, and microhardness tests are performed to determine the mechanical properties of the overall material, matrix, and inclusion nodules, respectively. The nodule sizes, distributions, and chemical compositions are determined by laser scanning microscopy, an X-ray computerized microtomography system (micro-CT), and energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy, respectively. For the numerical model with real inclusions, the boundary mesh is obtained from micro-CT data. The effective properties obtained by considering the real and synthetic nodules’ geometries are compared with those obtained from the experimental work and the existing literature. The final results considering both approaches demonstrate a good agreement.http://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/8/8/641boundary element method (BEM)periodic boundary conditionsrepresentative volume elements (RVEs)effective elastic propertieshomogenization |
| spellingShingle | Adrián Betancur Carla Anflor André Pereira Ricardo Leiderman Determination of the Effective Elastic Modulus for Nodular Cast Iron Using the Boundary Element Method Metals boundary element method (BEM) periodic boundary conditions representative volume elements (RVEs) effective elastic properties homogenization |
| title | Determination of the Effective Elastic Modulus for Nodular Cast Iron Using the Boundary Element Method |
| title_full | Determination of the Effective Elastic Modulus for Nodular Cast Iron Using the Boundary Element Method |
| title_fullStr | Determination of the Effective Elastic Modulus for Nodular Cast Iron Using the Boundary Element Method |
| title_full_unstemmed | Determination of the Effective Elastic Modulus for Nodular Cast Iron Using the Boundary Element Method |
| title_short | Determination of the Effective Elastic Modulus for Nodular Cast Iron Using the Boundary Element Method |
| title_sort | determination of the effective elastic modulus for nodular cast iron using the boundary element method |
| topic | boundary element method (BEM) periodic boundary conditions representative volume elements (RVEs) effective elastic properties homogenization |
| url | http://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/8/8/641 |
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