Senescence-associated ß-galactosidase staining over the lifespan differs in a short- and a long-lived fish species
During the aging process, cells can enter cellular senescence, a state in which cells leave the cell cycle but remain viable. This mechanism is thought to protect tissues from propagation of damaged cells and the number of senescent cells has been shown to increase with age. The speed of aging dete...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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PAGEPress Publications
2024-02-01
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| Series: | European Journal of Histochemistry |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.ejh.it/ejh/article/view/3977 |
| _version_ | 1797289632828751872 |
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| author | Simon Schöfer Sylvia Laffer Stefanie Kirchberger Michael Kothmayer Renate Löhnert Elmar E. Ebner Klara Weipoltshammer Martin Distel Oliver Pusch Christian Schöfer |
| author_facet | Simon Schöfer Sylvia Laffer Stefanie Kirchberger Michael Kothmayer Renate Löhnert Elmar E. Ebner Klara Weipoltshammer Martin Distel Oliver Pusch Christian Schöfer |
| author_sort | Simon Schöfer |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description |
During the aging process, cells can enter cellular senescence, a state in which cells leave the cell cycle but remain viable. This mechanism is thought to protect tissues from propagation of damaged cells and the number of senescent cells has been shown to increase with age. The speed of aging determines the lifespan of a species and it varies significantly in different species. To assess the progress of cellular senescence during lifetime, we performed a comparative longitudinal study using histochemical detection of the senescence-associated beta-galactosidase as senescence marker to map the staining patterns in organs of the long-lived zebrafish and the short-lived turquoise killifish using light- and electron microscopy. We compared age stages corresponding to human stages of newborn, childhood, adolescence, adult and old age. We found tissue-specific but conserved signal patterns with respect to organ distribution. However, we found dramatic differences in the onset of tissue staining. The stained zebrafish organs show little to no signal at newborn age followed by a gradual increase in signal intensity, whereas the organs of the short-lived killifish show an early onset of staining already at newborn stage, which remains conspicuous at all age stages. The most prominent signal was found in liver, intestine, kidney and heart, with the latter showing the most prominent interspecies divergence in onset of staining and in staining intensity. In addition, we found staining predominantly in epithelial cells, some of which are post-mitotic, such as the intestinal epithelial lining. We hypothesize that the association of the strong and early-onset signal pattern in the short-lived killifish is consistent with a protective mechanism in a fast growing species. Furthermore, we believe that staining in post-mitotic cells may play a role in maintaining tissue integrity, suggesting different roles for cellular senescence during life.
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| first_indexed | 2024-03-07T19:07:56Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ec659ccaa2ec4d6fa649e2bac1dbd167 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1121-760X 2038-8306 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-07T19:07:56Z |
| publishDate | 2024-02-01 |
| publisher | PAGEPress Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | European Journal of Histochemistry |
| spelling | doaj.art-ec659ccaa2ec4d6fa649e2bac1dbd1672024-03-01T07:56:10ZengPAGEPress PublicationsEuropean Journal of Histochemistry1121-760X2038-83062024-02-0168110.4081/ejh.2024.3977Senescence-associated ß-galactosidase staining over the lifespan differs in a short- and a long-lived fish speciesSimon Schöfer0Sylvia Laffer1Stefanie Kirchberger2Michael Kothmayer3Renate Löhnert4Elmar E. Ebner5Klara Weipoltshammer6Martin Distel7Oliver Pusch8Christian Schöfer9Department for Cell and Developmental Biology, Center for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical University of ViennaDepartment for Cell and Developmental Biology, Center for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical University of ViennaSt. Anna Children's Cancer Research Institute (CCRI), ViennaDepartment for Cell and Developmental Biology, Center for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical University of ViennaDepartment for Cell and Developmental Biology, Center for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical University of ViennaDepartment for Cell and Developmental Biology, Center for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical University of ViennaDepartment for Cell and Developmental Biology, Center for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical University of ViennaSt. Anna Children's Cancer Research Institute (CCRI), ViennaDepartment for Cell and Developmental Biology, Center for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical University of ViennaDepartment for Cell and Developmental Biology, Center for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical University of Vienna During the aging process, cells can enter cellular senescence, a state in which cells leave the cell cycle but remain viable. This mechanism is thought to protect tissues from propagation of damaged cells and the number of senescent cells has been shown to increase with age. The speed of aging determines the lifespan of a species and it varies significantly in different species. To assess the progress of cellular senescence during lifetime, we performed a comparative longitudinal study using histochemical detection of the senescence-associated beta-galactosidase as senescence marker to map the staining patterns in organs of the long-lived zebrafish and the short-lived turquoise killifish using light- and electron microscopy. We compared age stages corresponding to human stages of newborn, childhood, adolescence, adult and old age. We found tissue-specific but conserved signal patterns with respect to organ distribution. However, we found dramatic differences in the onset of tissue staining. The stained zebrafish organs show little to no signal at newborn age followed by a gradual increase in signal intensity, whereas the organs of the short-lived killifish show an early onset of staining already at newborn stage, which remains conspicuous at all age stages. The most prominent signal was found in liver, intestine, kidney and heart, with the latter showing the most prominent interspecies divergence in onset of staining and in staining intensity. In addition, we found staining predominantly in epithelial cells, some of which are post-mitotic, such as the intestinal epithelial lining. We hypothesize that the association of the strong and early-onset signal pattern in the short-lived killifish is consistent with a protective mechanism in a fast growing species. Furthermore, we believe that staining in post-mitotic cells may play a role in maintaining tissue integrity, suggesting different roles for cellular senescence during life. https://www.ejh.it/ejh/article/view/3977SA-ßGalteleostsenescenceagingNothobranchius furzeriDanio rerio |
| spellingShingle | Simon Schöfer Sylvia Laffer Stefanie Kirchberger Michael Kothmayer Renate Löhnert Elmar E. Ebner Klara Weipoltshammer Martin Distel Oliver Pusch Christian Schöfer Senescence-associated ß-galactosidase staining over the lifespan differs in a short- and a long-lived fish species European Journal of Histochemistry SA-ßGal teleost senescence aging Nothobranchius furzeri Danio rerio |
| title | Senescence-associated ß-galactosidase staining over the lifespan differs in a short- and a long-lived fish species |
| title_full | Senescence-associated ß-galactosidase staining over the lifespan differs in a short- and a long-lived fish species |
| title_fullStr | Senescence-associated ß-galactosidase staining over the lifespan differs in a short- and a long-lived fish species |
| title_full_unstemmed | Senescence-associated ß-galactosidase staining over the lifespan differs in a short- and a long-lived fish species |
| title_short | Senescence-associated ß-galactosidase staining over the lifespan differs in a short- and a long-lived fish species |
| title_sort | senescence associated ss galactosidase staining over the lifespan differs in a short and a long lived fish species |
| topic | SA-ßGal teleost senescence aging Nothobranchius furzeri Danio rerio |
| url | https://www.ejh.it/ejh/article/view/3977 |
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