Double-Sided Nano-ZnO: Superior Antibacterial Properties and Induced Hepatotoxicity in Zebrafish Embryos
Zinc oxide nanoparticles (Nano-ZnO) have been widely used in the food, cosmetics, and biomedical fields due to their excellent antibacterial and antioxidant properties. However, with the widespread application of Nano-ZnO, Nano-ZnO inevitably enters the environment and living organisms, causing harm...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-03-01
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| Series: | Toxics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/10/3/144 |
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| author | Mingyue He Xueting Li Lidong Yu Shuai Deng Ning Gu Li Li Jianbo Jia Bingsheng Li |
| author_facet | Mingyue He Xueting Li Lidong Yu Shuai Deng Ning Gu Li Li Jianbo Jia Bingsheng Li |
| author_sort | Mingyue He |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Zinc oxide nanoparticles (Nano-ZnO) have been widely used in the food, cosmetics, and biomedical fields due to their excellent antibacterial and antioxidant properties. However, with the widespread application of Nano-ZnO, Nano-ZnO inevitably enters the environment and living organisms, causing harm to human health and ecosystem safety. Therefore, the biosafety and toxicological issues of Nano-ZnO are gradually being emphasized. Our study found that Nano-ZnO has superior antibacterial properties compared to ofloxacin in the fight against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (<i>S. aureus</i>). Given that ofloxacin can inhibit bacterial-induced inflammation, we constructed a model of bacterial inflammation using <i>S. aureus</i> in zebrafish. We found that Nano-ZnO inhibited the NF-κB-mediated inflammatory signaling pathway. However, in the process, we found that Nano-ZnO caused hepatic steatosis in zebrafish. This suggested that Nano-ZnO had a certain hepatotoxicity, but did not affect liver development. Subsequently, we investigated the mechanism of hepatotoxicity produced by Nano-ZnO. Nano-ZnO triggered oxidative stress in the liver by generating ROS, which then induced endoplasmic reticulum stress to occur. It further activated <i>srebp</i> and its downstream genes <i>fasn</i> and <i>acc1</i>, which promoted the accumulation of fatty acid synthesis and the development of steatosis, leading to the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). To address the hepatotoxicity of Nano-ZnO, we added carbon dots for the treatment of NAFLD. The carbon dots were found to normalize the steatotic liver. This provided a new strategy to address the hepatotoxicity caused by Nano-ZnO. In this work, we systematically analyzed the antibacterial advantages of Nano-ZnO in vivo and in vitro, explored the mechanism of Nano-ZnO hepatotoxicity, and proposed a new method to treat Nano-ZnO hepatotoxicity. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T12:23:16Z |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T12:23:16Z |
| publishDate | 2022-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Toxics |
| spelling | doaj.art-ec72ae54d83f4de79c3ca92d3ff27da62023-11-30T22:38:45ZengMDPI AGToxics2305-63042022-03-0110314410.3390/toxics10030144Double-Sided Nano-ZnO: Superior Antibacterial Properties and Induced Hepatotoxicity in Zebrafish EmbryosMingyue He0Xueting Li1Lidong Yu2Shuai Deng3Ning Gu4Li Li5Jianbo Jia6Bingsheng Li7School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, ChinaSchool of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, ChinaSchool of Physics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, ChinaSchool of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, ChinaSchool of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, ChinaSchool of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, ChinaSchool of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, ChinaKey Laboratory of UV Light Emitting Materials and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, ChinaZinc oxide nanoparticles (Nano-ZnO) have been widely used in the food, cosmetics, and biomedical fields due to their excellent antibacterial and antioxidant properties. However, with the widespread application of Nano-ZnO, Nano-ZnO inevitably enters the environment and living organisms, causing harm to human health and ecosystem safety. Therefore, the biosafety and toxicological issues of Nano-ZnO are gradually being emphasized. Our study found that Nano-ZnO has superior antibacterial properties compared to ofloxacin in the fight against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (<i>S. aureus</i>). Given that ofloxacin can inhibit bacterial-induced inflammation, we constructed a model of bacterial inflammation using <i>S. aureus</i> in zebrafish. We found that Nano-ZnO inhibited the NF-κB-mediated inflammatory signaling pathway. However, in the process, we found that Nano-ZnO caused hepatic steatosis in zebrafish. This suggested that Nano-ZnO had a certain hepatotoxicity, but did not affect liver development. Subsequently, we investigated the mechanism of hepatotoxicity produced by Nano-ZnO. Nano-ZnO triggered oxidative stress in the liver by generating ROS, which then induced endoplasmic reticulum stress to occur. It further activated <i>srebp</i> and its downstream genes <i>fasn</i> and <i>acc1</i>, which promoted the accumulation of fatty acid synthesis and the development of steatosis, leading to the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). To address the hepatotoxicity of Nano-ZnO, we added carbon dots for the treatment of NAFLD. The carbon dots were found to normalize the steatotic liver. This provided a new strategy to address the hepatotoxicity caused by Nano-ZnO. In this work, we systematically analyzed the antibacterial advantages of Nano-ZnO in vivo and in vitro, explored the mechanism of Nano-ZnO hepatotoxicity, and proposed a new method to treat Nano-ZnO hepatotoxicity.https://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/10/3/144Nano-ZnOzebrafishantibacterialanti-inflammatoryoxidative stressendoplasmic reticulum stress |
| spellingShingle | Mingyue He Xueting Li Lidong Yu Shuai Deng Ning Gu Li Li Jianbo Jia Bingsheng Li Double-Sided Nano-ZnO: Superior Antibacterial Properties and Induced Hepatotoxicity in Zebrafish Embryos Toxics Nano-ZnO zebrafish antibacterial anti-inflammatory oxidative stress endoplasmic reticulum stress |
| title | Double-Sided Nano-ZnO: Superior Antibacterial Properties and Induced Hepatotoxicity in Zebrafish Embryos |
| title_full | Double-Sided Nano-ZnO: Superior Antibacterial Properties and Induced Hepatotoxicity in Zebrafish Embryos |
| title_fullStr | Double-Sided Nano-ZnO: Superior Antibacterial Properties and Induced Hepatotoxicity in Zebrafish Embryos |
| title_full_unstemmed | Double-Sided Nano-ZnO: Superior Antibacterial Properties and Induced Hepatotoxicity in Zebrafish Embryos |
| title_short | Double-Sided Nano-ZnO: Superior Antibacterial Properties and Induced Hepatotoxicity in Zebrafish Embryos |
| title_sort | double sided nano zno superior antibacterial properties and induced hepatotoxicity in zebrafish embryos |
| topic | Nano-ZnO zebrafish antibacterial anti-inflammatory oxidative stress endoplasmic reticulum stress |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/10/3/144 |
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