Function and dysfunction of the dystonia network: an exploration of neural circuits that underlie the acquired and isolated dystonias
Dystonia is a highly prevalent movement disorder that can manifest at any time across the lifespan. An increasing number of investigations have tied this disorder to dysfunction of a broad “dystonia network” encompassing the cerebellum, thalamus, basal ganglia, and cortex. However, pinpointing how d...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2023-12-01
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| Series: | Dystonia |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontierspartnerships.org/articles/10.3389/dyst.2023.11805/full |
| _version_ | 1797393033912647680 |
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| author | Jason S. Gill Jason S. Gill Megan X. Nguyen Megan X. Nguyen Mariam Hull Meike E. van der Heijden Meike E. van der Heijden Ken Nguyen Ken Nguyen Sruthi P. Thomas Sruthi P. Thomas Roy V. Sillitoe Roy V. Sillitoe Roy V. Sillitoe Roy V. Sillitoe |
| author_facet | Jason S. Gill Jason S. Gill Megan X. Nguyen Megan X. Nguyen Mariam Hull Meike E. van der Heijden Meike E. van der Heijden Ken Nguyen Ken Nguyen Sruthi P. Thomas Sruthi P. Thomas Roy V. Sillitoe Roy V. Sillitoe Roy V. Sillitoe Roy V. Sillitoe |
| author_sort | Jason S. Gill |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Dystonia is a highly prevalent movement disorder that can manifest at any time across the lifespan. An increasing number of investigations have tied this disorder to dysfunction of a broad “dystonia network” encompassing the cerebellum, thalamus, basal ganglia, and cortex. However, pinpointing how dysfunction of the various anatomic components of the network produces the wide variety of dystonia presentations across etiologies remains a difficult problem. In this review, a discussion of functional network findings in non-mendelian etiologies of dystonia is undertaken. Initially acquired etiologies of dystonia and how lesion location leads to alterations in network function are explored, first through an examination of cerebral palsy, in which early brain injury may lead to dystonic/dyskinetic forms of the movement disorder. The discussion of acquired etiologies then continues with an evaluation of the literature covering dystonia resulting from focal lesions followed by the isolated focal dystonias, both idiopathic and task dependent. Next, how the dystonia network responds to therapeutic interventions, from the “geste antagoniste” or “sensory trick” to botulinum toxin and deep brain stimulation, is covered with an eye towards finding similarities in network responses with effective treatment. Finally, an examination of how focal network disruptions in mouse models has informed our understanding of the circuits involved in dystonia is provided. Together, this article aims to offer a synthesis of the literature examining dystonia from the perspective of brain networks and it provides grounding for the perspective of dystonia as disorder of network function. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T23:57:17Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ec8d22ee897248bb980028e5a43388e7 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2813-2106 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T23:57:17Z |
| publishDate | 2023-12-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Dystonia |
| spelling | doaj.art-ec8d22ee897248bb980028e5a43388e72023-12-13T04:11:32ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Dystonia2813-21062023-12-01210.3389/dyst.2023.1180511805Function and dysfunction of the dystonia network: an exploration of neural circuits that underlie the acquired and isolated dystoniasJason S. Gill0Jason S. Gill1Megan X. Nguyen2Megan X. Nguyen3Mariam Hull4Meike E. van der Heijden5Meike E. van der Heijden6Ken Nguyen7Ken Nguyen8Sruthi P. Thomas9Sruthi P. Thomas10Roy V. Sillitoe11Roy V. Sillitoe12Roy V. Sillitoe13Roy V. Sillitoe14Division of Neurology and Developmental Neuroscience, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United StatesJan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute at Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX, United StatesDivision of Neurology and Developmental Neuroscience, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United StatesJan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute at Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX, United StatesDivision of Neurology and Developmental Neuroscience, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United StatesJan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute at Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX, United StatesDepartment of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United StatesJan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute at Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX, United StatesDepartment of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United StatesH. Ben Taub Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United StatesDepartment of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United StatesJan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute at Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX, United StatesDepartment of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United StatesDepartment of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United StatesDevelopment, Disease Models and Therapeutics Graduate Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United StatesDystonia is a highly prevalent movement disorder that can manifest at any time across the lifespan. An increasing number of investigations have tied this disorder to dysfunction of a broad “dystonia network” encompassing the cerebellum, thalamus, basal ganglia, and cortex. However, pinpointing how dysfunction of the various anatomic components of the network produces the wide variety of dystonia presentations across etiologies remains a difficult problem. In this review, a discussion of functional network findings in non-mendelian etiologies of dystonia is undertaken. Initially acquired etiologies of dystonia and how lesion location leads to alterations in network function are explored, first through an examination of cerebral palsy, in which early brain injury may lead to dystonic/dyskinetic forms of the movement disorder. The discussion of acquired etiologies then continues with an evaluation of the literature covering dystonia resulting from focal lesions followed by the isolated focal dystonias, both idiopathic and task dependent. Next, how the dystonia network responds to therapeutic interventions, from the “geste antagoniste” or “sensory trick” to botulinum toxin and deep brain stimulation, is covered with an eye towards finding similarities in network responses with effective treatment. Finally, an examination of how focal network disruptions in mouse models has informed our understanding of the circuits involved in dystonia is provided. Together, this article aims to offer a synthesis of the literature examining dystonia from the perspective of brain networks and it provides grounding for the perspective of dystonia as disorder of network function.https://www.frontierspartnerships.org/articles/10.3389/dyst.2023.11805/fulldystoniacerebellumdyskinetic cerebral palsydystonia networknetwork disorder |
| spellingShingle | Jason S. Gill Jason S. Gill Megan X. Nguyen Megan X. Nguyen Mariam Hull Meike E. van der Heijden Meike E. van der Heijden Ken Nguyen Ken Nguyen Sruthi P. Thomas Sruthi P. Thomas Roy V. Sillitoe Roy V. Sillitoe Roy V. Sillitoe Roy V. Sillitoe Function and dysfunction of the dystonia network: an exploration of neural circuits that underlie the acquired and isolated dystonias Dystonia dystonia cerebellum dyskinetic cerebral palsy dystonia network network disorder |
| title | Function and dysfunction of the dystonia network: an exploration of neural circuits that underlie the acquired and isolated dystonias |
| title_full | Function and dysfunction of the dystonia network: an exploration of neural circuits that underlie the acquired and isolated dystonias |
| title_fullStr | Function and dysfunction of the dystonia network: an exploration of neural circuits that underlie the acquired and isolated dystonias |
| title_full_unstemmed | Function and dysfunction of the dystonia network: an exploration of neural circuits that underlie the acquired and isolated dystonias |
| title_short | Function and dysfunction of the dystonia network: an exploration of neural circuits that underlie the acquired and isolated dystonias |
| title_sort | function and dysfunction of the dystonia network an exploration of neural circuits that underlie the acquired and isolated dystonias |
| topic | dystonia cerebellum dyskinetic cerebral palsy dystonia network network disorder |
| url | https://www.frontierspartnerships.org/articles/10.3389/dyst.2023.11805/full |
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