Kinetic Processes in Enzymatic Nanoreactors for In Vivo Detoxification
Enzymatic nanoreactors are enzyme-encapsulated nanobodies that are capable of performing biosynthetic or catabolic reactions. For this paper, we focused on therapeutic enzyme nanoreactors for the neutralization of toxicants, paying special attention to the inactivation of organophosphorus compounds...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-03-01
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| Series: | Biomedicines |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/10/4/784 |
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| author | Zukhra Shajhutdinova Tatiana Pashirova Patrick Masson |
| author_facet | Zukhra Shajhutdinova Tatiana Pashirova Patrick Masson |
| author_sort | Zukhra Shajhutdinova |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Enzymatic nanoreactors are enzyme-encapsulated nanobodies that are capable of performing biosynthetic or catabolic reactions. For this paper, we focused on therapeutic enzyme nanoreactors for the neutralization of toxicants, paying special attention to the inactivation of organophosphorus compounds (OP). Therapeutic enzymes that are capable of detoxifying OPs are known as bioscavengers. The encapsulation of injectable bioscavengers by nanoparticles was first used to prevent fast clearance and the immune response to heterologous enzymes. The aim of enzyme nanoreactors is also to provide a high concentration of the reactive enzyme in stable nanocontainers. Under these conditions, the detoxification reaction takes place inside the compartment, where the enzyme concentration is much higher than in the toxicant diffusing across the nanoreactor membrane. Thus, the determination of the concentration of the encapsulated enzyme is an important issue in nanoreactor biotechnology. The implications of second-order reaction conditions, the nanoreactor’s permeability in terms of substrates, and the reaction products and their possible osmotic, viscosity, and crowding effects are also examined. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T11:07:38Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ec8d57544b934ccdb45263b112260c45 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2227-9059 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T11:07:38Z |
| publishDate | 2022-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biomedicines |
| spelling | doaj.art-ec8d57544b934ccdb45263b112260c452023-12-01T00:53:17ZengMDPI AGBiomedicines2227-90592022-03-0110478410.3390/biomedicines10040784Kinetic Processes in Enzymatic Nanoreactors for In Vivo DetoxificationZukhra Shajhutdinova0Tatiana Pashirova1Patrick Masson2Biochemical Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Kazan Federal University, Kremlevskaya Str. 18, 420111 Kazan, RussiaArbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Arbuzov Str. 8, 420088 Kazan, RussiaBiochemical Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Kazan Federal University, Kremlevskaya Str. 18, 420111 Kazan, RussiaEnzymatic nanoreactors are enzyme-encapsulated nanobodies that are capable of performing biosynthetic or catabolic reactions. For this paper, we focused on therapeutic enzyme nanoreactors for the neutralization of toxicants, paying special attention to the inactivation of organophosphorus compounds (OP). Therapeutic enzymes that are capable of detoxifying OPs are known as bioscavengers. The encapsulation of injectable bioscavengers by nanoparticles was first used to prevent fast clearance and the immune response to heterologous enzymes. The aim of enzyme nanoreactors is also to provide a high concentration of the reactive enzyme in stable nanocontainers. Under these conditions, the detoxification reaction takes place inside the compartment, where the enzyme concentration is much higher than in the toxicant diffusing across the nanoreactor membrane. Thus, the determination of the concentration of the encapsulated enzyme is an important issue in nanoreactor biotechnology. The implications of second-order reaction conditions, the nanoreactor’s permeability in terms of substrates, and the reaction products and their possible osmotic, viscosity, and crowding effects are also examined.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/10/4/784bioscavengerconfined-reaction spacedetoxificationenzymenanoreactororganophosphate |
| spellingShingle | Zukhra Shajhutdinova Tatiana Pashirova Patrick Masson Kinetic Processes in Enzymatic Nanoreactors for In Vivo Detoxification Biomedicines bioscavenger confined-reaction space detoxification enzyme nanoreactor organophosphate |
| title | Kinetic Processes in Enzymatic Nanoreactors for In Vivo Detoxification |
| title_full | Kinetic Processes in Enzymatic Nanoreactors for In Vivo Detoxification |
| title_fullStr | Kinetic Processes in Enzymatic Nanoreactors for In Vivo Detoxification |
| title_full_unstemmed | Kinetic Processes in Enzymatic Nanoreactors for In Vivo Detoxification |
| title_short | Kinetic Processes in Enzymatic Nanoreactors for In Vivo Detoxification |
| title_sort | kinetic processes in enzymatic nanoreactors for in vivo detoxification |
| topic | bioscavenger confined-reaction space detoxification enzyme nanoreactor organophosphate |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/10/4/784 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT zukhrashajhutdinova kineticprocessesinenzymaticnanoreactorsforinvivodetoxification AT tatianapashirova kineticprocessesinenzymaticnanoreactorsforinvivodetoxification AT patrickmasson kineticprocessesinenzymaticnanoreactorsforinvivodetoxification |