Synthesis of Large Ultra-wideband Sparse Circular Planar Arrays Based on Rotationally Symmetric Structure
This article aims to improve the synthesis efficiency and radiation performance of large ultra-wideband (UWB) rotationally symmetric sparse circular planar arrays by using a modified differential evolution algorithm (MDEA). In the proposed MDEA, we adopt a new encoding mechanism in which an individu...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2023-11-01
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| Series: | Electronics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9292/12/23/4833 |
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| author | Foxiang Liu Pin Wen Chaoqun Zhang Lei Wang Kaida Xu |
| author_facet | Foxiang Liu Pin Wen Chaoqun Zhang Lei Wang Kaida Xu |
| author_sort | Foxiang Liu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This article aims to improve the synthesis efficiency and radiation performance of large ultra-wideband (UWB) rotationally symmetric sparse circular planar arrays by using a modified differential evolution algorithm (MDEA). In the proposed MDEA, we adopt a new encoding mechanism in which an individual represents an element position expressed in polar coordinates. Importantly, such an encoding mechanism can facilitate the multiplication calculation for the array factor in the individual being updated while making it easier to meet the given minimum element spacing constraint. Moreover, to cater to the new encoding mechanism, some low-dimensional evolution operators are introduced to avoid the prematurity. In particular, the UWB rotationally symmetric sparse planar array synthesis problem is transformed into the sidelobe suppression problem of the array pattern at the highest frequency under the given array aperture, and the minimum spacing constraints is used to guarantee enough space to place physical UWB antenna elements. Two synthesis examples of UWB sparse planar arrays based on rotationally symmetric structures are presented. The results show that the peak sidelobe level (PSL) obtained by the proposed MDEA is significantly lower than the results obtained by some existing algorithms in an acceptable CPU time, which proves the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed MDEA. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T01:53:22Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ec8fe7dffc6b4fb9bbef3568db380aec |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-9292 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T01:53:22Z |
| publishDate | 2023-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Electronics |
| spelling | doaj.art-ec8fe7dffc6b4fb9bbef3568db380aec2023-12-08T15:14:11ZengMDPI AGElectronics2079-92922023-11-011223483310.3390/electronics12234833Synthesis of Large Ultra-wideband Sparse Circular Planar Arrays Based on Rotationally Symmetric StructureFoxiang Liu0Pin Wen1Chaoqun Zhang2Lei Wang3Kaida Xu4School of Information Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330029, ChinaSchool of Information Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330029, ChinaSchool of Information Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330029, ChinaWuhan Zhongyuan Communication Co., Ltd., Wuhan 430205, ChinaSchool of Information and Communications Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, ChinaThis article aims to improve the synthesis efficiency and radiation performance of large ultra-wideband (UWB) rotationally symmetric sparse circular planar arrays by using a modified differential evolution algorithm (MDEA). In the proposed MDEA, we adopt a new encoding mechanism in which an individual represents an element position expressed in polar coordinates. Importantly, such an encoding mechanism can facilitate the multiplication calculation for the array factor in the individual being updated while making it easier to meet the given minimum element spacing constraint. Moreover, to cater to the new encoding mechanism, some low-dimensional evolution operators are introduced to avoid the prematurity. In particular, the UWB rotationally symmetric sparse planar array synthesis problem is transformed into the sidelobe suppression problem of the array pattern at the highest frequency under the given array aperture, and the minimum spacing constraints is used to guarantee enough space to place physical UWB antenna elements. Two synthesis examples of UWB sparse planar arrays based on rotationally symmetric structures are presented. The results show that the peak sidelobe level (PSL) obtained by the proposed MDEA is significantly lower than the results obtained by some existing algorithms in an acceptable CPU time, which proves the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed MDEA.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9292/12/23/4833ultra-wideband (UWB)array synthesislarge planar arraysparse array |
| spellingShingle | Foxiang Liu Pin Wen Chaoqun Zhang Lei Wang Kaida Xu Synthesis of Large Ultra-wideband Sparse Circular Planar Arrays Based on Rotationally Symmetric Structure Electronics ultra-wideband (UWB) array synthesis large planar array sparse array |
| title | Synthesis of Large Ultra-wideband Sparse Circular Planar Arrays Based on Rotationally Symmetric Structure |
| title_full | Synthesis of Large Ultra-wideband Sparse Circular Planar Arrays Based on Rotationally Symmetric Structure |
| title_fullStr | Synthesis of Large Ultra-wideband Sparse Circular Planar Arrays Based on Rotationally Symmetric Structure |
| title_full_unstemmed | Synthesis of Large Ultra-wideband Sparse Circular Planar Arrays Based on Rotationally Symmetric Structure |
| title_short | Synthesis of Large Ultra-wideband Sparse Circular Planar Arrays Based on Rotationally Symmetric Structure |
| title_sort | synthesis of large ultra wideband sparse circular planar arrays based on rotationally symmetric structure |
| topic | ultra-wideband (UWB) array synthesis large planar array sparse array |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9292/12/23/4833 |
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