Effects of Sublethal Concentrations of Tetracycline Hydrochloride on the Biological Characteristics and <i>Wolbachia</i> Titer in Parthenogenesis <i>Trichogramma pretiosum</i>
<i>Trichogramma pretiosum</i> Riley is an important natural enemy and biological control agent of lepidopteran pests. <i>Wolbachia</i> is an intracellular endosymbiont that induces parthenogenesis in the parasitoid <i>T. pretiosum</i>. In this paper, the sublethal...
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MDPI AG
2022-06-01
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| Series: | Insects |
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| author | Xiaoge Nian Xiaobing Tao Zhuangting Xiao Desen Wang Yurong He |
| author_facet | Xiaoge Nian Xiaobing Tao Zhuangting Xiao Desen Wang Yurong He |
| author_sort | Xiaoge Nian |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Trichogramma pretiosum</i> Riley is an important natural enemy and biological control agent of lepidopteran pests. <i>Wolbachia</i> is an intracellular endosymbiont that induces parthenogenesis in the parasitoid <i>T. pretiosum</i>. In this paper, the sublethal effects of the antibiotic tetracycline hydrochloride on the development and reproduction of <i>T. pretiosum</i> were studied. Emerged females were fed with sublethal concentrations (LC<sub>5</sub>, LC<sub>15</sub>, and LC<sub>35</sub>) of tetracycline for ten generations. The biological parameters (longevity, parasitized eggs, and fecundity) of treated females significantly reduced compared with the control Moreover, the percentage of female offspring in the treatments significantly reduced, but the percentage of male offspring significantly increased. In addition, the <i>Wolbachia</i> titer sharply reduced after two generations of antibiotic treatments, but it could still be detected even after ten successive generations of antibiotic treatments, which indicated that <i>Wolbachia</i> was not completely removed by sublethal concentrations of tetracycline. The control lines with higher <i>Wolbachia</i> titers produced more female offspring than the tetracycline treatments with lower <i>Wolbachia</i> titers, indicating that the <i>Wolbachia</i> titer affected the sex determination of <i>T. pretiosum</i>. Our results show that sublethal concentrations of tetracycline had adverse effects on the development of <i>T. pretiosum</i>, and <i>Wolbachia</i> titers affected the sexual development of <i>T. pretiosum</i> eggs. |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T23:29:45Z |
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| series | Insects |
| spelling | doaj.art-eceedf2ab5e946ccaeb052ba05557e032023-11-23T17:11:49ZengMDPI AGInsects2075-44502022-06-0113655910.3390/insects13060559Effects of Sublethal Concentrations of Tetracycline Hydrochloride on the Biological Characteristics and <i>Wolbachia</i> Titer in Parthenogenesis <i>Trichogramma pretiosum</i>Xiaoge Nian0Xiaobing Tao1Zhuangting Xiao2Desen Wang3Yurong He4Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, ChinaDepartment of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, ChinaDepartment of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, ChinaDepartment of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, ChinaDepartment of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China<i>Trichogramma pretiosum</i> Riley is an important natural enemy and biological control agent of lepidopteran pests. <i>Wolbachia</i> is an intracellular endosymbiont that induces parthenogenesis in the parasitoid <i>T. pretiosum</i>. In this paper, the sublethal effects of the antibiotic tetracycline hydrochloride on the development and reproduction of <i>T. pretiosum</i> were studied. Emerged females were fed with sublethal concentrations (LC<sub>5</sub>, LC<sub>15</sub>, and LC<sub>35</sub>) of tetracycline for ten generations. The biological parameters (longevity, parasitized eggs, and fecundity) of treated females significantly reduced compared with the control Moreover, the percentage of female offspring in the treatments significantly reduced, but the percentage of male offspring significantly increased. In addition, the <i>Wolbachia</i> titer sharply reduced after two generations of antibiotic treatments, but it could still be detected even after ten successive generations of antibiotic treatments, which indicated that <i>Wolbachia</i> was not completely removed by sublethal concentrations of tetracycline. The control lines with higher <i>Wolbachia</i> titers produced more female offspring than the tetracycline treatments with lower <i>Wolbachia</i> titers, indicating that the <i>Wolbachia</i> titer affected the sex determination of <i>T. pretiosum</i>. Our results show that sublethal concentrations of tetracycline had adverse effects on the development of <i>T. pretiosum</i>, and <i>Wolbachia</i> titers affected the sexual development of <i>T. pretiosum</i> eggs.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/13/6/559<i>T. pretiosum</i><i>Wolbachia</i>tetracyclinesublethal concentrations |
| spellingShingle | Xiaoge Nian Xiaobing Tao Zhuangting Xiao Desen Wang Yurong He Effects of Sublethal Concentrations of Tetracycline Hydrochloride on the Biological Characteristics and <i>Wolbachia</i> Titer in Parthenogenesis <i>Trichogramma pretiosum</i> Insects <i>T. pretiosum</i> <i>Wolbachia</i> tetracycline sublethal concentrations |
| title | Effects of Sublethal Concentrations of Tetracycline Hydrochloride on the Biological Characteristics and <i>Wolbachia</i> Titer in Parthenogenesis <i>Trichogramma pretiosum</i> |
| title_full | Effects of Sublethal Concentrations of Tetracycline Hydrochloride on the Biological Characteristics and <i>Wolbachia</i> Titer in Parthenogenesis <i>Trichogramma pretiosum</i> |
| title_fullStr | Effects of Sublethal Concentrations of Tetracycline Hydrochloride on the Biological Characteristics and <i>Wolbachia</i> Titer in Parthenogenesis <i>Trichogramma pretiosum</i> |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of Sublethal Concentrations of Tetracycline Hydrochloride on the Biological Characteristics and <i>Wolbachia</i> Titer in Parthenogenesis <i>Trichogramma pretiosum</i> |
| title_short | Effects of Sublethal Concentrations of Tetracycline Hydrochloride on the Biological Characteristics and <i>Wolbachia</i> Titer in Parthenogenesis <i>Trichogramma pretiosum</i> |
| title_sort | effects of sublethal concentrations of tetracycline hydrochloride on the biological characteristics and i wolbachia i titer in parthenogenesis i trichogramma pretiosum i |
| topic | <i>T. pretiosum</i> <i>Wolbachia</i> tetracycline sublethal concentrations |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/13/6/559 |
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