A review of the genomics of neonatal abstinence syndrome
Neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) is a constellation of signs of withdrawal occurring after birth following in utero exposure to licit or illicit opioids. Despite significant research and public health efforts, NAS remains challenging to diagnose, predict, and manage due to highly variable expressi...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2023-02-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Genetics |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fgene.2023.1140400/full |
| _version_ | 1828037100052676608 |
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| author | Elizabeth Yen Elizabeth Yen Elizabeth Yen Nathan Gaddis Lauren Jantzie Jonathan M. Davis Jonathan M. Davis Jonathan M. Davis |
| author_facet | Elizabeth Yen Elizabeth Yen Elizabeth Yen Nathan Gaddis Lauren Jantzie Jonathan M. Davis Jonathan M. Davis Jonathan M. Davis |
| author_sort | Elizabeth Yen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) is a constellation of signs of withdrawal occurring after birth following in utero exposure to licit or illicit opioids. Despite significant research and public health efforts, NAS remains challenging to diagnose, predict, and manage due to highly variable expression. Biomarker discovery in the field of NAS is crucial for stratifying risk, allocating resources, monitoring longitudinal outcomes, and identifying novel therapeutics. There is considerable interest in identifying important genetic and epigenetic markers of NAS severity and outcome that can guide medical decision making, research efforts, and public policy. A number of recent studies have suggested that genetic and epigenetic changes are associated with NAS severity, including evidence of neurodevelopmental instability. This review will provide an overview of the role of genetics and epigenetics in short and longer-term NAS outcomes. We will also describe novel research efforts using polygenic risk scores for NAS risk stratification and salivary gene expression to understand neurobehavioral modulation. Finally, emerging research focused on neuroinflammation from prenatal opioid exposure may elucidate novel mechanisms that could lead to development of future novel therapeutics. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-10T16:06:33Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ecfbdca0622441bd8afab5910eff1547 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-8021 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-10T16:06:33Z |
| publishDate | 2023-02-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Genetics |
| spelling | doaj.art-ecfbdca0622441bd8afab5910eff15472023-02-10T04:38:11ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Genetics1664-80212023-02-011410.3389/fgene.2023.11404001140400A review of the genomics of neonatal abstinence syndromeElizabeth Yen0Elizabeth Yen1Elizabeth Yen2Nathan Gaddis3Lauren Jantzie4Jonathan M. Davis5Jonathan M. Davis6Jonathan M. Davis7Department of Pediatrics, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, United StatesMother Infant Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, United StatesTufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United StatesResearch Triangle Institute International, Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC, United StatesDepartment of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United StatesDepartment of Pediatrics, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, United StatesTufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United StatesTufts Clinical and Translational Sciences Institute, Boston, MA, United StatesNeonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) is a constellation of signs of withdrawal occurring after birth following in utero exposure to licit or illicit opioids. Despite significant research and public health efforts, NAS remains challenging to diagnose, predict, and manage due to highly variable expression. Biomarker discovery in the field of NAS is crucial for stratifying risk, allocating resources, monitoring longitudinal outcomes, and identifying novel therapeutics. There is considerable interest in identifying important genetic and epigenetic markers of NAS severity and outcome that can guide medical decision making, research efforts, and public policy. A number of recent studies have suggested that genetic and epigenetic changes are associated with NAS severity, including evidence of neurodevelopmental instability. This review will provide an overview of the role of genetics and epigenetics in short and longer-term NAS outcomes. We will also describe novel research efforts using polygenic risk scores for NAS risk stratification and salivary gene expression to understand neurobehavioral modulation. Finally, emerging research focused on neuroinflammation from prenatal opioid exposure may elucidate novel mechanisms that could lead to development of future novel therapeutics.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fgene.2023.1140400/fullneonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS)geneticsepigeneticsinflammationbiomarker |
| spellingShingle | Elizabeth Yen Elizabeth Yen Elizabeth Yen Nathan Gaddis Lauren Jantzie Jonathan M. Davis Jonathan M. Davis Jonathan M. Davis A review of the genomics of neonatal abstinence syndrome Frontiers in Genetics neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) genetics epigenetics inflammation biomarker |
| title | A review of the genomics of neonatal abstinence syndrome |
| title_full | A review of the genomics of neonatal abstinence syndrome |
| title_fullStr | A review of the genomics of neonatal abstinence syndrome |
| title_full_unstemmed | A review of the genomics of neonatal abstinence syndrome |
| title_short | A review of the genomics of neonatal abstinence syndrome |
| title_sort | review of the genomics of neonatal abstinence syndrome |
| topic | neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) genetics epigenetics inflammation biomarker |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fgene.2023.1140400/full |
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