Efficacy of Precocene I from <i>Desmosstachya bipinnata</i> as an Effective Bioactive Molecules against the <i>Spodoptera litura</i> Fab. and Its Impact on <i>Eisenia fetida</i> Savigny
The sustainability of agroecosystems are maintained with agro-chemicals. However, after more than 80 years of intensive use, many pests and pathogens have developed resistance to the currently used chemistries. Thus, we explored the isolation and bioactivity of a chemical compound, Precocene I, isol...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2021-10-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/26/21/6384 |
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| author | Narayanan Shyam Sundar Sengodan Karthi Haridoss Sivanesh Vethamonickam Stanley-Raja Kanagaraj Muthu-Pandian Chanthini Ramakrishnan Ramasubramanian Govindaraju Ramkumar Athirstam Ponsankar Kilapavoor Raman Narayanan Prabhakaran Vasantha-Srinivasan Jawaher Alkahtani Mona S. Alwahibi Wayne Brian Hunter Sengottayan Senthil-Nathan Krutmuang Patcharin Ahmed Abdel-Megeed Rady Shawer Aml Ghaith |
| author_facet | Narayanan Shyam Sundar Sengodan Karthi Haridoss Sivanesh Vethamonickam Stanley-Raja Kanagaraj Muthu-Pandian Chanthini Ramakrishnan Ramasubramanian Govindaraju Ramkumar Athirstam Ponsankar Kilapavoor Raman Narayanan Prabhakaran Vasantha-Srinivasan Jawaher Alkahtani Mona S. Alwahibi Wayne Brian Hunter Sengottayan Senthil-Nathan Krutmuang Patcharin Ahmed Abdel-Megeed Rady Shawer Aml Ghaith |
| author_sort | Narayanan Shyam Sundar |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The sustainability of agroecosystems are maintained with agro-chemicals. However, after more than 80 years of intensive use, many pests and pathogens have developed resistance to the currently used chemistries. Thus, we explored the isolation and bioactivity of a chemical compound, Precocene I, isolated from the perennial grass, <i>Desmosstachya bipinnata</i> (L.) Stapf. Fractions produced from chloroform extractions showed suppressive activity on larvae of <i>Spodoptera litura</i> (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), the Oriental armyworm. Column chromatography analyses identified Precocene I confirmed using FTIR, HPLC and NMR techniques. The bioactivity of the plant-extracted Dp-Precocene I was compared to a commercially produced Precocene I standard. The percentage of mortality observed in insects fed on plant tissue treated with 60 ppm Db-Precocene I was 97, 87 and 81, respectively, for the second, third and fourth instar larvae. The LC<sub>50</sub> value of third instars was 23.2 ppm. The percentages of survival, pupation, fecundity and egg hatch were altered at sub-lethal concentrations of Db-Precocene I (2, 4, 6 and 8 ppm, sprays on castor leaves). The observed effects were negatively correlated with concentration, with a decrease in effects as concentrations increased. Distinct changes in feeding activity and damage to gut tissues were observed upon histological examination of <i>S. litura</i> larvae after the ingestion of Db-Precocene I treatments. Comparative analyses of mortality on a non-target organism, the earthworm, <i>Eisenia fetida</i>, at equal concentrations of Precocene I and two chemical pesticides (cypermethrin and monocrotophos) produced mortality only with the chemical pesticide treatments. These results of Db-Precocene I as a highly active bioactive compound support further research to develop production from the grass <i>D. bipinnata</i> as an affordable resource for Precocene-I-based insecticides. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T05:56:19Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ed026714be364718a7f3dd70d15c6db6 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T05:56:19Z |
| publishDate | 2021-10-01 |
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| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-ed026714be364718a7f3dd70d15c6db62023-11-22T21:20:33ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492021-10-012621638410.3390/molecules26216384Efficacy of Precocene I from <i>Desmosstachya bipinnata</i> as an Effective Bioactive Molecules against the <i>Spodoptera litura</i> Fab. and Its Impact on <i>Eisenia fetida</i> SavignyNarayanan Shyam Sundar0Sengodan Karthi1Haridoss Sivanesh2Vethamonickam Stanley-Raja3Kanagaraj Muthu-Pandian Chanthini4Ramakrishnan Ramasubramanian5Govindaraju Ramkumar6Athirstam Ponsankar7Kilapavoor Raman Narayanan8Prabhakaran Vasantha-Srinivasan9Jawaher Alkahtani10Mona S. Alwahibi11Wayne Brian Hunter12Sengottayan Senthil-Nathan13Krutmuang Patcharin14Ahmed Abdel-Megeed15Rady Shawer16Aml Ghaith17Division of Biopesticides and Environmental Toxicology, Sri Paramakalyani Centre for Excellence in Environmental Sciences, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Alwarkurichi 627 412, IndiaDivision of Biopesticides and Environmental Toxicology, Sri Paramakalyani Centre for Excellence in Environmental Sciences, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Alwarkurichi 627 412, IndiaDivision of Biopesticides and Environmental Toxicology, Sri Paramakalyani Centre for Excellence in Environmental Sciences, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Alwarkurichi 627 412, IndiaDivision of Biopesticides and Environmental Toxicology, Sri Paramakalyani Centre for Excellence in Environmental Sciences, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Alwarkurichi 627 412, IndiaDivision of Biopesticides and Environmental Toxicology, Sri Paramakalyani Centre for Excellence in Environmental Sciences, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Alwarkurichi 627 412, IndiaDivision of Biopesticides and Environmental Toxicology, Sri Paramakalyani Centre for Excellence in Environmental Sciences, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Alwarkurichi 627 412, IndiaDivision of Biopesticides and Environmental Toxicology, Sri Paramakalyani Centre for Excellence in Environmental Sciences, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Alwarkurichi 627 412, IndiaDepartment of Biotechnology, Sri Paramakalyani College, Alwarkurichi 627 412, IndiaDepartment of Zoology, Sri Paramakalyani College, Alwarkurichi 627 412, IndiaDepartment of Biotechnology, St. Peter’s Institute of Higher Education and Research, Avadi 600 054, IndiaDepartment of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi ArabiaUSDA-ARS, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Horticultural Research Laboratory, 2001 South Rock Road, Fort Pierce, FL 34945, USADivision of Biopesticides and Environmental Toxicology, Sri Paramakalyani Centre for Excellence in Environmental Sciences, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Alwarkurichi 627 412, IndiaDepartment of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, ThailandDepartment of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture Saba Basha, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21531, EgyptDepartment of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture Saba Basha, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21531, EgyptDepartment of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Derna University, Derna 417230, LibyaThe sustainability of agroecosystems are maintained with agro-chemicals. However, after more than 80 years of intensive use, many pests and pathogens have developed resistance to the currently used chemistries. Thus, we explored the isolation and bioactivity of a chemical compound, Precocene I, isolated from the perennial grass, <i>Desmosstachya bipinnata</i> (L.) Stapf. Fractions produced from chloroform extractions showed suppressive activity on larvae of <i>Spodoptera litura</i> (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), the Oriental armyworm. Column chromatography analyses identified Precocene I confirmed using FTIR, HPLC and NMR techniques. The bioactivity of the plant-extracted Dp-Precocene I was compared to a commercially produced Precocene I standard. The percentage of mortality observed in insects fed on plant tissue treated with 60 ppm Db-Precocene I was 97, 87 and 81, respectively, for the second, third and fourth instar larvae. The LC<sub>50</sub> value of third instars was 23.2 ppm. The percentages of survival, pupation, fecundity and egg hatch were altered at sub-lethal concentrations of Db-Precocene I (2, 4, 6 and 8 ppm, sprays on castor leaves). The observed effects were negatively correlated with concentration, with a decrease in effects as concentrations increased. Distinct changes in feeding activity and damage to gut tissues were observed upon histological examination of <i>S. litura</i> larvae after the ingestion of Db-Precocene I treatments. Comparative analyses of mortality on a non-target organism, the earthworm, <i>Eisenia fetida</i>, at equal concentrations of Precocene I and two chemical pesticides (cypermethrin and monocrotophos) produced mortality only with the chemical pesticide treatments. These results of Db-Precocene I as a highly active bioactive compound support further research to develop production from the grass <i>D. bipinnata</i> as an affordable resource for Precocene-I-based insecticides.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/26/21/6384armywormbotanicals insecticidesphytochemicaltoxicityNoctuidaehistology |
| spellingShingle | Narayanan Shyam Sundar Sengodan Karthi Haridoss Sivanesh Vethamonickam Stanley-Raja Kanagaraj Muthu-Pandian Chanthini Ramakrishnan Ramasubramanian Govindaraju Ramkumar Athirstam Ponsankar Kilapavoor Raman Narayanan Prabhakaran Vasantha-Srinivasan Jawaher Alkahtani Mona S. Alwahibi Wayne Brian Hunter Sengottayan Senthil-Nathan Krutmuang Patcharin Ahmed Abdel-Megeed Rady Shawer Aml Ghaith Efficacy of Precocene I from <i>Desmosstachya bipinnata</i> as an Effective Bioactive Molecules against the <i>Spodoptera litura</i> Fab. and Its Impact on <i>Eisenia fetida</i> Savigny Molecules armyworm botanicals insecticides phytochemical toxicity Noctuidae histology |
| title | Efficacy of Precocene I from <i>Desmosstachya bipinnata</i> as an Effective Bioactive Molecules against the <i>Spodoptera litura</i> Fab. and Its Impact on <i>Eisenia fetida</i> Savigny |
| title_full | Efficacy of Precocene I from <i>Desmosstachya bipinnata</i> as an Effective Bioactive Molecules against the <i>Spodoptera litura</i> Fab. and Its Impact on <i>Eisenia fetida</i> Savigny |
| title_fullStr | Efficacy of Precocene I from <i>Desmosstachya bipinnata</i> as an Effective Bioactive Molecules against the <i>Spodoptera litura</i> Fab. and Its Impact on <i>Eisenia fetida</i> Savigny |
| title_full_unstemmed | Efficacy of Precocene I from <i>Desmosstachya bipinnata</i> as an Effective Bioactive Molecules against the <i>Spodoptera litura</i> Fab. and Its Impact on <i>Eisenia fetida</i> Savigny |
| title_short | Efficacy of Precocene I from <i>Desmosstachya bipinnata</i> as an Effective Bioactive Molecules against the <i>Spodoptera litura</i> Fab. and Its Impact on <i>Eisenia fetida</i> Savigny |
| title_sort | efficacy of precocene i from i desmosstachya bipinnata i as an effective bioactive molecules against the i spodoptera litura i fab and its impact on i eisenia fetida i savigny |
| topic | armyworm botanicals insecticides phytochemical toxicity Noctuidae histology |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/26/21/6384 |
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