Analysis of Milk from Different Sources Based on Light Propagation and Random Laser Properties
Milk is a valuable contributor to a healthy diet as it contains nutritional components such as fats, proteins, carbohydrates, calcium, phosphorous and vitamins. This research aimed to differentiate milk from animal, plant and human sources based on light propagation and random-laser properties. Expe...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-10-01
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| Series: | Photonics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-6732/8/11/486 |
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| author | Nur Ain Insyirah Muhamad Kamil Wan Zakiah Wan Ismail Irneza Ismail Juliza Jamaludin Nur Syaida Hanasil Raja Kamarulzaman Raja Ibrahim |
| author_facet | Nur Ain Insyirah Muhamad Kamil Wan Zakiah Wan Ismail Irneza Ismail Juliza Jamaludin Nur Syaida Hanasil Raja Kamarulzaman Raja Ibrahim |
| author_sort | Nur Ain Insyirah Muhamad Kamil |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Milk is a valuable contributor to a healthy diet as it contains nutritional components such as fats, proteins, carbohydrates, calcium, phosphorous and vitamins. This research aimed to differentiate milk from animal, plant and human sources based on light propagation and random-laser properties. Experimental, statistical and theoretical analyses were used. Light propagation in different types of milk such as almond milk, oat milk, soy milk, fresh milk, goat milk and human breast milk was measured using the spectrometry method. Near-IR and visible light transmission through the diluted milk samples were compared. Soy milk and fresh milk have the highest absorbance and fluorescence of light, respectively, due to a high content of fat, protein and carbohydrates. Principal component analysis was used to determine the accuracy of the experimental results. The research method is comprehensive as it covers light propagation from 350 nm to 1650 nm of wavelength range and non-intrusive as it does not affect the sample. Meanwhile, analysis of milk was also conducted based on random-laser properties such as multiple emission peaks and lasing threshold. Higher fat content in milk produces a lower random lasing threshold. Thus, we found that milk from animals, plants and humans can be analyzed using light absorption, fluorescence and random lasers. The research method might be useful for future study of milk contaminants that change the properties of milk. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T05:09:28Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ed0d9ba01d444ba4a745adbe8e24f9b1 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2304-6732 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T05:09:28Z |
| publishDate | 2021-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Photonics |
| spelling | doaj.art-ed0d9ba01d444ba4a745adbe8e24f9b12023-11-23T01:01:21ZengMDPI AGPhotonics2304-67322021-10-0181148610.3390/photonics8110486Analysis of Milk from Different Sources Based on Light Propagation and Random Laser PropertiesNur Ain Insyirah Muhamad Kamil0Wan Zakiah Wan Ismail1Irneza Ismail2Juliza Jamaludin3Nur Syaida Hanasil4Raja Kamarulzaman Raja Ibrahim5Advanced Device and System, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Nilai 71800, Negeri Sembilan, MalaysiaAdvanced Device and System, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Nilai 71800, Negeri Sembilan, MalaysiaAdvanced Device and System, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Nilai 71800, Negeri Sembilan, MalaysiaAdvanced Device and System, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Nilai 71800, Negeri Sembilan, MalaysiaLaser Centre, Ibnu Sina Institute for Scientific and Industrial Research (ISI-SIR), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru 81310, Johor, MalaysiaLaser Centre, Ibnu Sina Institute for Scientific and Industrial Research (ISI-SIR), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru 81310, Johor, MalaysiaMilk is a valuable contributor to a healthy diet as it contains nutritional components such as fats, proteins, carbohydrates, calcium, phosphorous and vitamins. This research aimed to differentiate milk from animal, plant and human sources based on light propagation and random-laser properties. Experimental, statistical and theoretical analyses were used. Light propagation in different types of milk such as almond milk, oat milk, soy milk, fresh milk, goat milk and human breast milk was measured using the spectrometry method. Near-IR and visible light transmission through the diluted milk samples were compared. Soy milk and fresh milk have the highest absorbance and fluorescence of light, respectively, due to a high content of fat, protein and carbohydrates. Principal component analysis was used to determine the accuracy of the experimental results. The research method is comprehensive as it covers light propagation from 350 nm to 1650 nm of wavelength range and non-intrusive as it does not affect the sample. Meanwhile, analysis of milk was also conducted based on random-laser properties such as multiple emission peaks and lasing threshold. Higher fat content in milk produces a lower random lasing threshold. Thus, we found that milk from animals, plants and humans can be analyzed using light absorption, fluorescence and random lasers. The research method might be useful for future study of milk contaminants that change the properties of milk.https://www.mdpi.com/2304-6732/8/11/486light absorptionfluorescencemilk contentprincipal component analysis and random-laser properties |
| spellingShingle | Nur Ain Insyirah Muhamad Kamil Wan Zakiah Wan Ismail Irneza Ismail Juliza Jamaludin Nur Syaida Hanasil Raja Kamarulzaman Raja Ibrahim Analysis of Milk from Different Sources Based on Light Propagation and Random Laser Properties Photonics light absorption fluorescence milk content principal component analysis and random-laser properties |
| title | Analysis of Milk from Different Sources Based on Light Propagation and Random Laser Properties |
| title_full | Analysis of Milk from Different Sources Based on Light Propagation and Random Laser Properties |
| title_fullStr | Analysis of Milk from Different Sources Based on Light Propagation and Random Laser Properties |
| title_full_unstemmed | Analysis of Milk from Different Sources Based on Light Propagation and Random Laser Properties |
| title_short | Analysis of Milk from Different Sources Based on Light Propagation and Random Laser Properties |
| title_sort | analysis of milk from different sources based on light propagation and random laser properties |
| topic | light absorption fluorescence milk content principal component analysis and random-laser properties |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-6732/8/11/486 |
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