Role of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Counteracting Oxidative Stress—Related Neurodegeneration
Neurodegenerative diseases include a variety of pathologies such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, Huntington’s disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and so forth, which share many common characteristics such as oxidative stress, glycation, abnormal protein deposition, inflammation, and...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2020-05-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/9/3299 |
| _version_ | 1797568713901211648 |
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| author | Cristina Angeloni Martina Gatti Cecilia Prata Silvana Hrelia Tullia Maraldi |
| author_facet | Cristina Angeloni Martina Gatti Cecilia Prata Silvana Hrelia Tullia Maraldi |
| author_sort | Cristina Angeloni |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Neurodegenerative diseases include a variety of pathologies such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, Huntington’s disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and so forth, which share many common characteristics such as oxidative stress, glycation, abnormal protein deposition, inflammation, and progressive neuronal loss. The last century has witnessed significant research to identify mechanisms and risk factors contributing to the complex etiopathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, such as genetic, vascular/metabolic, and lifestyle-related factors, which often co-occur and interact with each other. Apart from several environmental or genetic factors, in recent years, much evidence hints that impairment in redox homeostasis is a common mechanism in different neurological diseases. However, from a pharmacological perspective, oxidative stress is a difficult target, and antioxidants, the only strategy used so far, have been ineffective or even provoked side effects. In this review, we report an analysis of the recent literature on the role of oxidative stress in Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases as well as in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, retinal ganglion cells, and ataxia. Moreover, the contribution of stem cells has been widely explored, looking at their potential in neuronal differentiation and reporting findings on their application in fighting oxidative stress in different neurodegenerative diseases. In particular, the exposure to mesenchymal stem cells or their secretome can be considered as a promising therapeutic strategy to enhance antioxidant capacity and neurotrophin expression while inhibiting pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion, which are common aspects of neurodegenerative pathologies. Further studies are needed to identify a tailored approach for each neurodegenerative disease in order to design more effective stem cell therapeutic strategies to prevent a broad range of neurodegenerative disorders. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T20:00:51Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ed341c3cb2e14d768e0200201c37da1c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T20:00:51Z |
| publishDate | 2020-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-ed341c3cb2e14d768e0200201c37da1c2023-11-19T23:39:50ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672020-05-01219329910.3390/ijms21093299Role of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Counteracting Oxidative Stress—Related NeurodegenerationCristina Angeloni0Martina Gatti1Cecilia Prata2Silvana Hrelia3Tullia Maraldi4School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Via Gentile III da Varano, 62032 Camerino, ItalyDepartment of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via del Pozzo 71, 41124 Modena, ItalyDepartment of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum—University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, ItalyDepartment for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum—University of Bologna, Corso d’Augusto 237, 47921 Rimini, ItalyDepartment of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via del Pozzo 71, 41124 Modena, ItalyNeurodegenerative diseases include a variety of pathologies such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, Huntington’s disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and so forth, which share many common characteristics such as oxidative stress, glycation, abnormal protein deposition, inflammation, and progressive neuronal loss. The last century has witnessed significant research to identify mechanisms and risk factors contributing to the complex etiopathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, such as genetic, vascular/metabolic, and lifestyle-related factors, which often co-occur and interact with each other. Apart from several environmental or genetic factors, in recent years, much evidence hints that impairment in redox homeostasis is a common mechanism in different neurological diseases. However, from a pharmacological perspective, oxidative stress is a difficult target, and antioxidants, the only strategy used so far, have been ineffective or even provoked side effects. In this review, we report an analysis of the recent literature on the role of oxidative stress in Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases as well as in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, retinal ganglion cells, and ataxia. Moreover, the contribution of stem cells has been widely explored, looking at their potential in neuronal differentiation and reporting findings on their application in fighting oxidative stress in different neurodegenerative diseases. In particular, the exposure to mesenchymal stem cells or their secretome can be considered as a promising therapeutic strategy to enhance antioxidant capacity and neurotrophin expression while inhibiting pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion, which are common aspects of neurodegenerative pathologies. Further studies are needed to identify a tailored approach for each neurodegenerative disease in order to design more effective stem cell therapeutic strategies to prevent a broad range of neurodegenerative disorders.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/9/3299mesenchymal stem cellsoxidative stressneurodegenerationsecretome |
| spellingShingle | Cristina Angeloni Martina Gatti Cecilia Prata Silvana Hrelia Tullia Maraldi Role of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Counteracting Oxidative Stress—Related Neurodegeneration International Journal of Molecular Sciences mesenchymal stem cells oxidative stress neurodegeneration secretome |
| title | Role of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Counteracting Oxidative Stress—Related Neurodegeneration |
| title_full | Role of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Counteracting Oxidative Stress—Related Neurodegeneration |
| title_fullStr | Role of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Counteracting Oxidative Stress—Related Neurodegeneration |
| title_full_unstemmed | Role of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Counteracting Oxidative Stress—Related Neurodegeneration |
| title_short | Role of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Counteracting Oxidative Stress—Related Neurodegeneration |
| title_sort | role of mesenchymal stem cells in counteracting oxidative stress related neurodegeneration |
| topic | mesenchymal stem cells oxidative stress neurodegeneration secretome |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/9/3299 |
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