Development and Optimization of Naringenin-Loaded Chitosan-Coated Nanoemulsion for Topical Therapy in Wound Healing
The potential role of naringenin (NAR), a natural flavonoid, in the treatment of chronic wound has prompted the present research to deliver the drug in nanoemulsion (NE) form, where synergistic role of chitosan was achieved through development of chitosan-coated NAR NE (CNNE). The NE consisted of Ca...
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MDPI AG
2020-09-01
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| Series: | Pharmaceutics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4923/12/9/893 |
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| author | Sabah H. Akrawi Bapi Gorain Anroop B. Nair Hira Choudhury Manisha Pandey Jigar N. Shah Katharigatta N. Venugopala |
| author_facet | Sabah H. Akrawi Bapi Gorain Anroop B. Nair Hira Choudhury Manisha Pandey Jigar N. Shah Katharigatta N. Venugopala |
| author_sort | Sabah H. Akrawi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The potential role of naringenin (NAR), a natural flavonoid, in the treatment of chronic wound has prompted the present research to deliver the drug in nanoemulsion (NE) form, where synergistic role of chitosan was achieved through development of chitosan-coated NAR NE (CNNE). The NE consisted of Capryol 90, Tween 20 and Transcutol P, which was fabricated by low-energy emulsification method to encapsulate NAR within the oil core. The optimization of the formulated NEs was performed using Box–Behnken statistical design to obtain crucial variable parameters that influence globule size, size distribution and surface charge. Finally, the optimized formulation was coated with different concentrations of chitosan and subsequently characterized in vitro. The size of the CNNE was found to be increased when the drug-loaded formulation was coated with chitosan. Controlled release characteristics depicted 67–81% release of NAR from the CNNE, compared to 89% from the NE formulation. Cytotoxicity study of the formulation was performed in vitro using fibroblast cell line (NIH-3T3), where no inhibition in proliferation of the cells was observed with CNNE. Finally, the wound healing potential of the CNNE was evaluated in an abrasion-created wound model in experimental animals where the animals were treated and compared histologically at 0 and 14 days. Significant improvement in construction of the abrasion wound was observed when the animals were treated with formulated CNNE, whereas stimulation of skin regeneration was depicted in the histological examination. Therefore, it could be summarized that the chitosan coating of the developed NAR NE is a potential platform to accelerate healing of wounds. |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1999-4923 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T16:12:08Z |
| publishDate | 2020-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Pharmaceutics |
| spelling | doaj.art-ed49873d9b7c4945a76fb443f8badd3f2023-11-20T14:23:21ZengMDPI AGPharmaceutics1999-49232020-09-0112989310.3390/pharmaceutics12090893Development and Optimization of Naringenin-Loaded Chitosan-Coated Nanoemulsion for Topical Therapy in Wound HealingSabah H. Akrawi0Bapi Gorain1Anroop B. Nair2Hira Choudhury3Manisha Pandey4Jigar N. Shah5Katharigatta N. Venugopala6Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi ArabiaSchool of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor’s University, Subang Jaya, Selangor 47500, MalaysiaDepartment of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi ArabiaSchool of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Bukit Jalil, Kuala Lumpur 57000, MalaysiaSchool of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Bukit Jalil, Kuala Lumpur 57000, MalaysiaDepartment of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Ahmedabad 382481, Gujarat, IndiaDepartment of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi ArabiaThe potential role of naringenin (NAR), a natural flavonoid, in the treatment of chronic wound has prompted the present research to deliver the drug in nanoemulsion (NE) form, where synergistic role of chitosan was achieved through development of chitosan-coated NAR NE (CNNE). The NE consisted of Capryol 90, Tween 20 and Transcutol P, which was fabricated by low-energy emulsification method to encapsulate NAR within the oil core. The optimization of the formulated NEs was performed using Box–Behnken statistical design to obtain crucial variable parameters that influence globule size, size distribution and surface charge. Finally, the optimized formulation was coated with different concentrations of chitosan and subsequently characterized in vitro. The size of the CNNE was found to be increased when the drug-loaded formulation was coated with chitosan. Controlled release characteristics depicted 67–81% release of NAR from the CNNE, compared to 89% from the NE formulation. Cytotoxicity study of the formulation was performed in vitro using fibroblast cell line (NIH-3T3), where no inhibition in proliferation of the cells was observed with CNNE. Finally, the wound healing potential of the CNNE was evaluated in an abrasion-created wound model in experimental animals where the animals were treated and compared histologically at 0 and 14 days. Significant improvement in construction of the abrasion wound was observed when the animals were treated with formulated CNNE, whereas stimulation of skin regeneration was depicted in the histological examination. Therefore, it could be summarized that the chitosan coating of the developed NAR NE is a potential platform to accelerate healing of wounds.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4923/12/9/893chitosan-coatingnanoemulsionBox–Behnken modelcytotoxicity studyabrasion wound modelnaringenin |
| spellingShingle | Sabah H. Akrawi Bapi Gorain Anroop B. Nair Hira Choudhury Manisha Pandey Jigar N. Shah Katharigatta N. Venugopala Development and Optimization of Naringenin-Loaded Chitosan-Coated Nanoemulsion for Topical Therapy in Wound Healing Pharmaceutics chitosan-coating nanoemulsion Box–Behnken model cytotoxicity study abrasion wound model naringenin |
| title | Development and Optimization of Naringenin-Loaded Chitosan-Coated Nanoemulsion for Topical Therapy in Wound Healing |
| title_full | Development and Optimization of Naringenin-Loaded Chitosan-Coated Nanoemulsion for Topical Therapy in Wound Healing |
| title_fullStr | Development and Optimization of Naringenin-Loaded Chitosan-Coated Nanoemulsion for Topical Therapy in Wound Healing |
| title_full_unstemmed | Development and Optimization of Naringenin-Loaded Chitosan-Coated Nanoemulsion for Topical Therapy in Wound Healing |
| title_short | Development and Optimization of Naringenin-Loaded Chitosan-Coated Nanoemulsion for Topical Therapy in Wound Healing |
| title_sort | development and optimization of naringenin loaded chitosan coated nanoemulsion for topical therapy in wound healing |
| topic | chitosan-coating nanoemulsion Box–Behnken model cytotoxicity study abrasion wound model naringenin |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4923/12/9/893 |
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