Defect properties of vanadium doped barium titanate ceramics
X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns, electron probe microanalysis (EPMA), electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) powder spectra (9 and 34 GHz) and the magnetic susceptibility of BaTiO _3 + 0.04 BaO + 0.01 V _2 O _5 ceramics were studied to investigate the valence states of V ions and their solubility i...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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IOP Publishing
2019-01-01
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| Series: | Materials Research Express |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1088/2053-1591/ab4455 |
| _version_ | 1827869743430762496 |
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| author | R Böttcher H T Langhammer T Walther F Syrowatka S G Ebbinghaus |
| author_facet | R Böttcher H T Langhammer T Walther F Syrowatka S G Ebbinghaus |
| author_sort | R Böttcher |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns, electron probe microanalysis (EPMA), electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) powder spectra (9 and 34 GHz) and the magnetic susceptibility of BaTiO _3 + 0.04 BaO + 0.01 V _2 O _5 ceramics were studied to investigate the valence states of V ions and their solubility in the BaTiO _3 lattice. In samples sintered at 1400 °C in air, only about 0.1 mol% V is incorporated in the BaTiO _3 lattice being in V ^4+ and V ^5+ valence state, respectively. 95% of the nominal V dopant content occurs in the secondary phase Ba _3 (V/Ti) _2 O _8 . All BaTiO _3 samples investigated are in tetragonal phase at room temperature. In the as-sintered samples V ^4+ is detected at temperatures T < 20 K by its hyperfine structure (HFS) octet due to the nuclear spin 7/2 of ^51 V. Samples post-annealed in H _2 /Ar atmosphere at 1200 °C exhibit a further HFS octet occurring at T > 25 K and vanishing at T > 250 K, which is caused by V ^2+ ions. This spectrum is characterized by a simultaneous HFS and fine structure splitting constituted by allowed and forbidden transitions. Both V ^4+ and V ^2+ ions are incorporated at Ti ^4+ sites of the BaTiO _3 lattice. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T15:48:25Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ed59ff40c3934867bb58cd11e5479b8e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2053-1591 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T15:48:25Z |
| publishDate | 2019-01-01 |
| publisher | IOP Publishing |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Materials Research Express |
| spelling | doaj.art-ed59ff40c3934867bb58cd11e5479b8e2023-08-09T15:20:42ZengIOP PublishingMaterials Research Express2053-15912019-01-0161111521010.1088/2053-1591/ab4455Defect properties of vanadium doped barium titanate ceramicsR Böttcher0H T Langhammer1https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2603-093XT Walther2F Syrowatka3S G Ebbinghaus4https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6391-2582Fakultät für Physik und Geowissenschaften, Universität Leipzig , Linnéstraße 5, D-04103 Leipzig, GermanyInstitut für Chemie, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Straße 2, D-06120 Halle (Saale), GermanyInstitut für Chemie, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Straße 2, D-06120 Halle (Saale), GermanyInterdisziplinäres Zentrum für Materialwissenschaften, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg , Heinrich-Damerow-Straße 4, D-06120 Halle (Saale), GermanyInstitut für Chemie, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Straße 2, D-06120 Halle (Saale), GermanyX-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns, electron probe microanalysis (EPMA), electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) powder spectra (9 and 34 GHz) and the magnetic susceptibility of BaTiO _3 + 0.04 BaO + 0.01 V _2 O _5 ceramics were studied to investigate the valence states of V ions and their solubility in the BaTiO _3 lattice. In samples sintered at 1400 °C in air, only about 0.1 mol% V is incorporated in the BaTiO _3 lattice being in V ^4+ and V ^5+ valence state, respectively. 95% of the nominal V dopant content occurs in the secondary phase Ba _3 (V/Ti) _2 O _8 . All BaTiO _3 samples investigated are in tetragonal phase at room temperature. In the as-sintered samples V ^4+ is detected at temperatures T < 20 K by its hyperfine structure (HFS) octet due to the nuclear spin 7/2 of ^51 V. Samples post-annealed in H _2 /Ar atmosphere at 1200 °C exhibit a further HFS octet occurring at T > 25 K and vanishing at T > 250 K, which is caused by V ^2+ ions. This spectrum is characterized by a simultaneous HFS and fine structure splitting constituted by allowed and forbidden transitions. Both V ^4+ and V ^2+ ions are incorporated at Ti ^4+ sites of the BaTiO _3 lattice.https://doi.org/10.1088/2053-1591/ab4455barium titanatevanadium dopeddefect chemistryEPRmagnetic susceptibility |
| spellingShingle | R Böttcher H T Langhammer T Walther F Syrowatka S G Ebbinghaus Defect properties of vanadium doped barium titanate ceramics Materials Research Express barium titanate vanadium doped defect chemistry EPR magnetic susceptibility |
| title | Defect properties of vanadium doped barium titanate ceramics |
| title_full | Defect properties of vanadium doped barium titanate ceramics |
| title_fullStr | Defect properties of vanadium doped barium titanate ceramics |
| title_full_unstemmed | Defect properties of vanadium doped barium titanate ceramics |
| title_short | Defect properties of vanadium doped barium titanate ceramics |
| title_sort | defect properties of vanadium doped barium titanate ceramics |
| topic | barium titanate vanadium doped defect chemistry EPR magnetic susceptibility |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1088/2053-1591/ab4455 |
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