Microstructural Evolution and Mechanical Properties of Hybrid Bevel Gears Manufactured by Tailored Forming
The production of multi-metal bulk components requires suitable manufacturing technologies. On the example of hybrid bevel gears featuring two different steels at the outer surface and on the inside, the applicability of the novel manufacturing technology of Tailored Forming was investigated. In a f...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2020-10-01
|
| Series: | Metals |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/10/10/1365 |
| _version_ | 1797551183323201536 |
|---|---|
| author | Bernd-Arno Behrens Anna Chugreeva Julian Diefenbach Christoph Kahra Sebastian Herbst Florian Nürnberger Hans Jürgen Maier |
| author_facet | Bernd-Arno Behrens Anna Chugreeva Julian Diefenbach Christoph Kahra Sebastian Herbst Florian Nürnberger Hans Jürgen Maier |
| author_sort | Bernd-Arno Behrens |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The production of multi-metal bulk components requires suitable manufacturing technologies. On the example of hybrid bevel gears featuring two different steels at the outer surface and on the inside, the applicability of the novel manufacturing technology of Tailored Forming was investigated. In a first processing step, a semi-finished compound was manufactured by cladding a substrate using a plasma transferred arc welding or a laser hotwire process. The resulting semi-finished workpieces with a metallurgical bond were subsequently near-net shape forged to bevel gears. Using the residual heat after the forging process, a process-integrated heat treatment was carried out directly after forming. For the investigations, the material combinations of 41Cr4 with C22.8 (AISI 5140/AISI 1022M) and X45CrSi9-3 with C22.8 (AISI HNV3/AISI 1022M) were applied. To reveal the influence of the single processing steps on the resulting interface, metallographic examinations, hardness measurements and micro tensile tests were carried out after cladding, forging and process-integrated heat treatment. Due to forging and heat-treatment, recrystallization and grain refinement at the interface and an increase in both, hardness and tensile strength, were observed. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T15:40:57Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ed6f21e3a3bf4d66a7f99e74dd6f10cb |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-4701 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T15:40:57Z |
| publishDate | 2020-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Metals |
| spelling | doaj.art-ed6f21e3a3bf4d66a7f99e74dd6f10cb2023-11-20T16:53:31ZengMDPI AGMetals2075-47012020-10-011010136510.3390/met10101365Microstructural Evolution and Mechanical Properties of Hybrid Bevel Gears Manufactured by Tailored FormingBernd-Arno Behrens0Anna Chugreeva1Julian Diefenbach2Christoph Kahra3Sebastian Herbst4Florian Nürnberger5Hans Jürgen Maier6Institut für Umformtechnik und Umformmaschinen (Forming Technology and Machines), Leibniz Universität Hannover, 30823 Garbsen, GermanyInstitut für Umformtechnik und Umformmaschinen (Forming Technology and Machines), Leibniz Universität Hannover, 30823 Garbsen, GermanyInstitut für Umformtechnik und Umformmaschinen (Forming Technology and Machines), Leibniz Universität Hannover, 30823 Garbsen, GermanyInstitut für Werkstoffkunde (Materials Science), Leibniz Universität Hannover, 30823 Garbsen, GermanyInstitut für Werkstoffkunde (Materials Science), Leibniz Universität Hannover, 30823 Garbsen, GermanyInstitut für Werkstoffkunde (Materials Science), Leibniz Universität Hannover, 30823 Garbsen, GermanyInstitut für Werkstoffkunde (Materials Science), Leibniz Universität Hannover, 30823 Garbsen, GermanyThe production of multi-metal bulk components requires suitable manufacturing technologies. On the example of hybrid bevel gears featuring two different steels at the outer surface and on the inside, the applicability of the novel manufacturing technology of Tailored Forming was investigated. In a first processing step, a semi-finished compound was manufactured by cladding a substrate using a plasma transferred arc welding or a laser hotwire process. The resulting semi-finished workpieces with a metallurgical bond were subsequently near-net shape forged to bevel gears. Using the residual heat after the forging process, a process-integrated heat treatment was carried out directly after forming. For the investigations, the material combinations of 41Cr4 with C22.8 (AISI 5140/AISI 1022M) and X45CrSi9-3 with C22.8 (AISI HNV3/AISI 1022M) were applied. To reveal the influence of the single processing steps on the resulting interface, metallographic examinations, hardness measurements and micro tensile tests were carried out after cladding, forging and process-integrated heat treatment. Due to forging and heat-treatment, recrystallization and grain refinement at the interface and an increase in both, hardness and tensile strength, were observed.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/10/10/1365hybrid componentsbevel gearshot forgingtailored formingprocess-integrated heat treatmentair-water spray cooling |
| spellingShingle | Bernd-Arno Behrens Anna Chugreeva Julian Diefenbach Christoph Kahra Sebastian Herbst Florian Nürnberger Hans Jürgen Maier Microstructural Evolution and Mechanical Properties of Hybrid Bevel Gears Manufactured by Tailored Forming Metals hybrid components bevel gears hot forging tailored forming process-integrated heat treatment air-water spray cooling |
| title | Microstructural Evolution and Mechanical Properties of Hybrid Bevel Gears Manufactured by Tailored Forming |
| title_full | Microstructural Evolution and Mechanical Properties of Hybrid Bevel Gears Manufactured by Tailored Forming |
| title_fullStr | Microstructural Evolution and Mechanical Properties of Hybrid Bevel Gears Manufactured by Tailored Forming |
| title_full_unstemmed | Microstructural Evolution and Mechanical Properties of Hybrid Bevel Gears Manufactured by Tailored Forming |
| title_short | Microstructural Evolution and Mechanical Properties of Hybrid Bevel Gears Manufactured by Tailored Forming |
| title_sort | microstructural evolution and mechanical properties of hybrid bevel gears manufactured by tailored forming |
| topic | hybrid components bevel gears hot forging tailored forming process-integrated heat treatment air-water spray cooling |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/10/10/1365 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT berndarnobehrens microstructuralevolutionandmechanicalpropertiesofhybridbevelgearsmanufacturedbytailoredforming AT annachugreeva microstructuralevolutionandmechanicalpropertiesofhybridbevelgearsmanufacturedbytailoredforming AT juliandiefenbach microstructuralevolutionandmechanicalpropertiesofhybridbevelgearsmanufacturedbytailoredforming AT christophkahra microstructuralevolutionandmechanicalpropertiesofhybridbevelgearsmanufacturedbytailoredforming AT sebastianherbst microstructuralevolutionandmechanicalpropertiesofhybridbevelgearsmanufacturedbytailoredforming AT floriannurnberger microstructuralevolutionandmechanicalpropertiesofhybridbevelgearsmanufacturedbytailoredforming AT hansjurgenmaier microstructuralevolutionandmechanicalpropertiesofhybridbevelgearsmanufacturedbytailoredforming |