Dopant-Free Triazatruxene-Based Hole Transporting Materials with Three Different End-Capped Acceptor Units for Perovskite Solar Cells
A series of dopant-free D-π-A structural hole-transporting materials (HTMs), named as SGT-460, SGT-461, and SGT-462, incorporating a planner-type triazatruxene (TAT) core, thieno[3,2-<i>b</i>]indole (TI) π-bridge and three different acceptors, 3-ethylthiazolidine-2,4-dione (ED), 3-(dicya...
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MDPI AG
2020-05-01
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| Series: | Nanomaterials |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/10/5/936 |
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| author | Da Rim Kil Chunyuan Lu Jung-Min Ji Chul Hoon Kim Hwan Kyu Kim |
| author_facet | Da Rim Kil Chunyuan Lu Jung-Min Ji Chul Hoon Kim Hwan Kyu Kim |
| author_sort | Da Rim Kil |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | A series of dopant-free D-π-A structural hole-transporting materials (HTMs), named as SGT-460, SGT-461, and SGT-462, incorporating a planner-type triazatruxene (TAT) core, thieno[3,2-<i>b</i>]indole (TI) π-bridge and three different acceptors, 3-ethylthiazolidine-2,4-dione (ED), 3-(dicyano methylidene)indan-1-one (DI), and malononitrile (MN), were designed and synthesized for application in perovskite solar cells (PrSCs). The effect of three acceptor units in star-shaped D-π-A structured dopant-free HTMs on the photophysical and electrochemical properties and the photovoltaic performance were investigated compared to the reference HTM of 2,2′,7,7′-tetrakis[<i>N</i>,<i>N</i>-di(4-methoxyphenyl)amino]-9,9′-spirobifluorene (spiro-OMeTAD). Their highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) energy levels were positioned for efficient hole extraction from a MAPbCl<sub>3−</sub><i><sub>x</sub></i>I<i><sub>x</sub></i> layer (5.43 eV). The hole mobility values of the HTMs without dopants were determined to be 7.59 × 10<sup>−5</sup> cm<sup>2</sup> V<sup>−1</sup> s<sup>−1</sup>, 5.13 × 10<sup>−4</sup> cm<sup>2</sup> V<sup>−1</sup> s<sup>−1</sup>, and 7.61 × 10<sup>−4</sup> cm<sup>2</sup> V<sup>−1</sup> s<sup>−1</sup> for SGT-460-, SGT-461-, and SGT-462-based films. The glass transition temperature of all HTMs showed higher than that of the spiro-OMeTAD. As a result, the molecular engineering of a planer donor core, π-bridge, and end-capped acceptor led to good hole mobility, yielding 11.76% efficiency from SGT-462-based PrSCs, and it provides a useful insight into the synthesis of the next-generation of HTMs for PrSC application. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T19:53:05Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ed952a671ec743848de733ef91ee9dea |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-4991 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T19:53:05Z |
| publishDate | 2020-05-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-ed952a671ec743848de733ef91ee9dea2023-11-20T00:15:16ZengMDPI AGNanomaterials2079-49912020-05-0110593610.3390/nano10050936Dopant-Free Triazatruxene-Based Hole Transporting Materials with Three Different End-Capped Acceptor Units for Perovskite Solar CellsDa Rim Kil0Chunyuan Lu1Jung-Min Ji2Chul Hoon Kim3Hwan Kyu Kim4Global GET-Future Lab. Korea University, 2511 Sejong-ro, Sejong 339-700, KoreaGlobal GET-Future Lab. Korea University, 2511 Sejong-ro, Sejong 339-700, KoreaGlobal GET-Future Lab. Korea University, 2511 Sejong-ro, Sejong 339-700, KoreaDepartment of Advanced Materials Chemistry, Korea University, 2511 Sejong-ro, Sejong 339-700, KoreaGlobal GET-Future Lab. Korea University, 2511 Sejong-ro, Sejong 339-700, KoreaA series of dopant-free D-π-A structural hole-transporting materials (HTMs), named as SGT-460, SGT-461, and SGT-462, incorporating a planner-type triazatruxene (TAT) core, thieno[3,2-<i>b</i>]indole (TI) π-bridge and three different acceptors, 3-ethylthiazolidine-2,4-dione (ED), 3-(dicyano methylidene)indan-1-one (DI), and malononitrile (MN), were designed and synthesized for application in perovskite solar cells (PrSCs). The effect of three acceptor units in star-shaped D-π-A structured dopant-free HTMs on the photophysical and electrochemical properties and the photovoltaic performance were investigated compared to the reference HTM of 2,2′,7,7′-tetrakis[<i>N</i>,<i>N</i>-di(4-methoxyphenyl)amino]-9,9′-spirobifluorene (spiro-OMeTAD). Their highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) energy levels were positioned for efficient hole extraction from a MAPbCl<sub>3−</sub><i><sub>x</sub></i>I<i><sub>x</sub></i> layer (5.43 eV). The hole mobility values of the HTMs without dopants were determined to be 7.59 × 10<sup>−5</sup> cm<sup>2</sup> V<sup>−1</sup> s<sup>−1</sup>, 5.13 × 10<sup>−4</sup> cm<sup>2</sup> V<sup>−1</sup> s<sup>−1</sup>, and 7.61 × 10<sup>−4</sup> cm<sup>2</sup> V<sup>−1</sup> s<sup>−1</sup> for SGT-460-, SGT-461-, and SGT-462-based films. The glass transition temperature of all HTMs showed higher than that of the spiro-OMeTAD. As a result, the molecular engineering of a planer donor core, π-bridge, and end-capped acceptor led to good hole mobility, yielding 11.76% efficiency from SGT-462-based PrSCs, and it provides a useful insight into the synthesis of the next-generation of HTMs for PrSC application.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/10/5/936perovskite solar celldopant-free hole transporting materialstriazatruxene-based organic compoundend-capped acceptor unithole mobility |
| spellingShingle | Da Rim Kil Chunyuan Lu Jung-Min Ji Chul Hoon Kim Hwan Kyu Kim Dopant-Free Triazatruxene-Based Hole Transporting Materials with Three Different End-Capped Acceptor Units for Perovskite Solar Cells Nanomaterials perovskite solar cell dopant-free hole transporting materials triazatruxene-based organic compound end-capped acceptor unit hole mobility |
| title | Dopant-Free Triazatruxene-Based Hole Transporting Materials with Three Different End-Capped Acceptor Units for Perovskite Solar Cells |
| title_full | Dopant-Free Triazatruxene-Based Hole Transporting Materials with Three Different End-Capped Acceptor Units for Perovskite Solar Cells |
| title_fullStr | Dopant-Free Triazatruxene-Based Hole Transporting Materials with Three Different End-Capped Acceptor Units for Perovskite Solar Cells |
| title_full_unstemmed | Dopant-Free Triazatruxene-Based Hole Transporting Materials with Three Different End-Capped Acceptor Units for Perovskite Solar Cells |
| title_short | Dopant-Free Triazatruxene-Based Hole Transporting Materials with Three Different End-Capped Acceptor Units for Perovskite Solar Cells |
| title_sort | dopant free triazatruxene based hole transporting materials with three different end capped acceptor units for perovskite solar cells |
| topic | perovskite solar cell dopant-free hole transporting materials triazatruxene-based organic compound end-capped acceptor unit hole mobility |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/10/5/936 |
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