The Effect of Dietary <i>Helianthus tuberosus</i> L. on the Populations of Pig Faecal Bacteria and the Prevalence of Skatole
Jerusalem artichoke contains inulin polysaccharide, which has prebiotic effects and influences the microbiota of the digestive tract. The addition of Jerusalem artichoke in boar diets may decrease the content of skatole and indole, which are the main constituents of boar taint, and may also negative...
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MDPI AG
2020-04-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/10/4/693 |
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| author | Monika Okrouhlá Jaroslav Čítek Roman Švejstil Kateřina Zadinová Kamila Pokorná Daniela Urbanová Roman Stupka |
| author_facet | Monika Okrouhlá Jaroslav Čítek Roman Švejstil Kateřina Zadinová Kamila Pokorná Daniela Urbanová Roman Stupka |
| author_sort | Monika Okrouhlá |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Jerusalem artichoke contains inulin polysaccharide, which has prebiotic effects and influences the microbiota of the digestive tract. The addition of Jerusalem artichoke in boar diets may decrease the content of skatole and indole, which are the main constituents of boar taint, and may also negatively affect the taste and odor. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of different levels of <i>Helianthus tuberosus</i> L. (<i>H. tuberosus</i>) in feed mixtures on performance, carcass composition, the levels of microbiota in faecal samples, and the concentrations of skatole and indole in adipose tissue. The study was performed with 47 crossbred entire male pigs of the Large White <sub>sire</sub> × (Large White <sub>dame</sub> × Landrace) genotype fed a basal diet with 0%, 4.1%, 8.1% or 12.2% <i>H. tuberosus</i> for 13 days before slaughter. Significant differences in daily weight gain and daily feed intake were found (<i>p</i> = 0.045), with the values being lower in the group with the highest level of <i>H. tuberosus.</i> In addition, increasing levels of <i>H. tuberosus</i> decreased the concentration of skatole in the adipose tissue (<i>p</i> = 0.003). The highest level of <i>H. tuberosus</i> decreased the level of <i>Escherichia coli</i> (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.001) in the faeces. The enterococcal count increased (<i>p</i> = 0.029) in groups with a diet that included 4.1% and 8.1% <i>H. tuberosus.</i> There was also a significant correlation between the concentration of <i>H. tuberosus</i> and the concentration of <i>E. coli</i> (<i>p</i> < 0.001; −0.64) and the skatole levels in the adipose tissue (<i>p</i> = 0.001; –0.46). Moreover, there was also a positive correlation between the concentration of <i>E. coli</i> and the skatole levels in the adipose tissue (<i>p</i> = 0.023; 0.33). In conclusion, feeding pigs with <i>H. tuberosus</i> leads to decreased levels of skatole in the adipose tissue. According to the results of our study, a diet with 8.1% <i>H. tuberosus</i> is sufficient for decreasing skatole levels, which could be due to the decreased levels of pathogenic bacteria in the intestines. |
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| spelling | doaj.art-ed9664e4f7ac41448b15d8fe8b8f14d72023-11-19T21:47:53ZengMDPI AGAnimals2076-26152020-04-0110469310.3390/ani10040693The Effect of Dietary <i>Helianthus tuberosus</i> L. on the Populations of Pig Faecal Bacteria and the Prevalence of SkatoleMonika Okrouhlá0Jaroslav Čítek1Roman Švejstil2Kateřina Zadinová3Kamila Pokorná4Daniela Urbanová5Roman Stupka6Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, 16500 Prague, Czech RepublicDepartment of Animal Science, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, 16500 Prague, Czech RepublicDepartment of Microbiology, Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, 16500 Prague, Czech RepublicDepartment of Animal Science, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, 16500 Prague, Czech RepublicDepartment of Animal Science, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, 16500 Prague, Czech RepublicDepartment of Animal Science, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, 16500 Prague, Czech RepublicDepartment of Animal Science, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, 16500 Prague, Czech RepublicJerusalem artichoke contains inulin polysaccharide, which has prebiotic effects and influences the microbiota of the digestive tract. The addition of Jerusalem artichoke in boar diets may decrease the content of skatole and indole, which are the main constituents of boar taint, and may also negatively affect the taste and odor. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of different levels of <i>Helianthus tuberosus</i> L. (<i>H. tuberosus</i>) in feed mixtures on performance, carcass composition, the levels of microbiota in faecal samples, and the concentrations of skatole and indole in adipose tissue. The study was performed with 47 crossbred entire male pigs of the Large White <sub>sire</sub> × (Large White <sub>dame</sub> × Landrace) genotype fed a basal diet with 0%, 4.1%, 8.1% or 12.2% <i>H. tuberosus</i> for 13 days before slaughter. Significant differences in daily weight gain and daily feed intake were found (<i>p</i> = 0.045), with the values being lower in the group with the highest level of <i>H. tuberosus.</i> In addition, increasing levels of <i>H. tuberosus</i> decreased the concentration of skatole in the adipose tissue (<i>p</i> = 0.003). The highest level of <i>H. tuberosus</i> decreased the level of <i>Escherichia coli</i> (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.001) in the faeces. The enterococcal count increased (<i>p</i> = 0.029) in groups with a diet that included 4.1% and 8.1% <i>H. tuberosus.</i> There was also a significant correlation between the concentration of <i>H. tuberosus</i> and the concentration of <i>E. coli</i> (<i>p</i> < 0.001; −0.64) and the skatole levels in the adipose tissue (<i>p</i> = 0.001; –0.46). Moreover, there was also a positive correlation between the concentration of <i>E. coli</i> and the skatole levels in the adipose tissue (<i>p</i> = 0.023; 0.33). In conclusion, feeding pigs with <i>H. tuberosus</i> leads to decreased levels of skatole in the adipose tissue. According to the results of our study, a diet with 8.1% <i>H. tuberosus</i> is sufficient for decreasing skatole levels, which could be due to the decreased levels of pathogenic bacteria in the intestines.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/10/4/693inulinskatolemicrobiota<i>Escherichia coli</i>entire male |
| spellingShingle | Monika Okrouhlá Jaroslav Čítek Roman Švejstil Kateřina Zadinová Kamila Pokorná Daniela Urbanová Roman Stupka The Effect of Dietary <i>Helianthus tuberosus</i> L. on the Populations of Pig Faecal Bacteria and the Prevalence of Skatole Animals inulin skatole microbiota <i>Escherichia coli</i> entire male |
| title | The Effect of Dietary <i>Helianthus tuberosus</i> L. on the Populations of Pig Faecal Bacteria and the Prevalence of Skatole |
| title_full | The Effect of Dietary <i>Helianthus tuberosus</i> L. on the Populations of Pig Faecal Bacteria and the Prevalence of Skatole |
| title_fullStr | The Effect of Dietary <i>Helianthus tuberosus</i> L. on the Populations of Pig Faecal Bacteria and the Prevalence of Skatole |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Effect of Dietary <i>Helianthus tuberosus</i> L. on the Populations of Pig Faecal Bacteria and the Prevalence of Skatole |
| title_short | The Effect of Dietary <i>Helianthus tuberosus</i> L. on the Populations of Pig Faecal Bacteria and the Prevalence of Skatole |
| title_sort | effect of dietary i helianthus tuberosus i l on the populations of pig faecal bacteria and the prevalence of skatole |
| topic | inulin skatole microbiota <i>Escherichia coli</i> entire male |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/10/4/693 |
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