Three-dimensionally printed biphasic calcium phosphate blocks with different pore diameters for regeneration in rabbit calvarial defects
Abstract Background Biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) is the most frequently used synthetic bone substitutes, which comprises a combination of hydroxyapatite (HA) and beta-tricalcium phosphate (b-TCP). Thanks to the recent advances in digital dentistry and three-dimensional (3D) printing technology,...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
2022-06-01
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| Series: | Biomaterials Research |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s40824-022-00271-9 |
| _version_ | 1797283204726521856 |
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| author | Young-Wook Seo Jin-Young Park Da-Na Lee Xiang Jin Jae-Kook Cha Jeong-Won Paik Seong-Ho Choi |
| author_facet | Young-Wook Seo Jin-Young Park Da-Na Lee Xiang Jin Jae-Kook Cha Jeong-Won Paik Seong-Ho Choi |
| author_sort | Young-Wook Seo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) is the most frequently used synthetic bone substitutes, which comprises a combination of hydroxyapatite (HA) and beta-tricalcium phosphate (b-TCP). Thanks to the recent advances in digital dentistry and three-dimensional (3D) printing technology, synthetic block bone substitutes can be customized to fit individual defect morphologies. The diameter of the pores can influence the rate of bone formation and material resorption. The aim of this study was to compare three-dimensionally printed biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) block bone substitutes with different pore diameters (0.8-, 1.0-, and 1.2- mm) for use in the regeneration of rabbit calvarial defects. Methods Four circular defects were formed on the calvaria of ten rabbits. Each defect was randomly allocated to one of the following study groups: (i) control group, (ii) 0.8-mm group, (iii) 1.0-mm group, and (iv) 1.2-mm group. All specimens were postoperatively harvested at 2 and 8 weeks, and radiographic and histomorphometric analyses were performed on the samples. Results Histologically, the BCP blocks remained unresorbed up to 8 weeks, and new bone formation occurred within the porous structures of the blocks. After the short healing period of 2 weeks, histomorphometric analysis indicated that new bone formation was significantly greater in the BCP groups compared with the control (p < 0.05). However, there were no significant differences between the groups with different pore diameters (p > 0.05). At 8 weeks, only the 1.0-mm group (3.42 ± 0.48 mm2, mean ± standard deviation) presented a significantly larger area of new bone compared with the control (2.26 ± 0.59 mm2) (p < 0.05). Among the BCP groups, the 1.0- and 1.2-mm groups exhibited significantly larger areas of new bone compared with the 0.8-mm group (3.42 ± 0.48 and 3.04 ± 0.66 vs 1.60 ± 0.70 mm2, respectively). Conclusions Within the limitations of this study, the BCP block bone substitutes can be applied to bone defects for successful bone regeneration. Future studies should investigate more-challenging defect configurations prior to considering clinical applications. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-07T17:27:41Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-eda337d5b63a4a1495fb35e3fea4c950 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2055-7124 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-07T17:27:41Z |
| publishDate | 2022-06-01 |
| publisher | American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biomaterials Research |
| spelling | doaj.art-eda337d5b63a4a1495fb35e3fea4c9502024-03-02T18:53:18ZengAmerican Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)Biomaterials Research2055-71242022-06-0126111110.1186/s40824-022-00271-9Three-dimensionally printed biphasic calcium phosphate blocks with different pore diameters for regeneration in rabbit calvarial defectsYoung-Wook Seo0Jin-Young Park1Da-Na Lee2Xiang Jin3Jae-Kook Cha4Jeong-Won Paik5Seong-Ho Choi6Department of Periodontology, Research Institute of Periodontal Regeneration, Yonsei University College of DentistryDepartment of Periodontology, Research Institute of Periodontal Regeneration, Yonsei University College of DentistryDepartment of Periodontology, Research Institute of Periodontal Regeneration, Yonsei University College of DentistryDepartment of Periodontology, Research Institute of Periodontal Regeneration, Yonsei University College of DentistryDepartment of Periodontology, Research Institute of Periodontal Regeneration, Yonsei University College of DentistryDepartment of Periodontology, Research Institute of Periodontal Regeneration, Yonsei University College of DentistryDepartment of Periodontology, Research Institute of Periodontal Regeneration, Yonsei University College of DentistryAbstract Background Biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) is the most frequently used synthetic bone substitutes, which comprises a combination of hydroxyapatite (HA) and beta-tricalcium phosphate (b-TCP). Thanks to the recent advances in digital dentistry and three-dimensional (3D) printing technology, synthetic block bone substitutes can be customized to fit individual defect morphologies. The diameter of the pores can influence the rate of bone formation and material resorption. The aim of this study was to compare three-dimensionally printed biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) block bone substitutes with different pore diameters (0.8-, 1.0-, and 1.2- mm) for use in the regeneration of rabbit calvarial defects. Methods Four circular defects were formed on the calvaria of ten rabbits. Each defect was randomly allocated to one of the following study groups: (i) control group, (ii) 0.8-mm group, (iii) 1.0-mm group, and (iv) 1.2-mm group. All specimens were postoperatively harvested at 2 and 8 weeks, and radiographic and histomorphometric analyses were performed on the samples. Results Histologically, the BCP blocks remained unresorbed up to 8 weeks, and new bone formation occurred within the porous structures of the blocks. After the short healing period of 2 weeks, histomorphometric analysis indicated that new bone formation was significantly greater in the BCP groups compared with the control (p < 0.05). However, there were no significant differences between the groups with different pore diameters (p > 0.05). At 8 weeks, only the 1.0-mm group (3.42 ± 0.48 mm2, mean ± standard deviation) presented a significantly larger area of new bone compared with the control (2.26 ± 0.59 mm2) (p < 0.05). Among the BCP groups, the 1.0- and 1.2-mm groups exhibited significantly larger areas of new bone compared with the 0.8-mm group (3.42 ± 0.48 and 3.04 ± 0.66 vs 1.60 ± 0.70 mm2, respectively). Conclusions Within the limitations of this study, the BCP block bone substitutes can be applied to bone defects for successful bone regeneration. Future studies should investigate more-challenging defect configurations prior to considering clinical applications.https://doi.org/10.1186/s40824-022-00271-9AnimalsBone regenerationPore diameterHydroxyapatiteBeta tricalcium phosphate |
| spellingShingle | Young-Wook Seo Jin-Young Park Da-Na Lee Xiang Jin Jae-Kook Cha Jeong-Won Paik Seong-Ho Choi Three-dimensionally printed biphasic calcium phosphate blocks with different pore diameters for regeneration in rabbit calvarial defects Biomaterials Research Animals Bone regeneration Pore diameter Hydroxyapatite Beta tricalcium phosphate |
| title | Three-dimensionally printed biphasic calcium phosphate blocks with different pore diameters for regeneration in rabbit calvarial defects |
| title_full | Three-dimensionally printed biphasic calcium phosphate blocks with different pore diameters for regeneration in rabbit calvarial defects |
| title_fullStr | Three-dimensionally printed biphasic calcium phosphate blocks with different pore diameters for regeneration in rabbit calvarial defects |
| title_full_unstemmed | Three-dimensionally printed biphasic calcium phosphate blocks with different pore diameters for regeneration in rabbit calvarial defects |
| title_short | Three-dimensionally printed biphasic calcium phosphate blocks with different pore diameters for regeneration in rabbit calvarial defects |
| title_sort | three dimensionally printed biphasic calcium phosphate blocks with different pore diameters for regeneration in rabbit calvarial defects |
| topic | Animals Bone regeneration Pore diameter Hydroxyapatite Beta tricalcium phosphate |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s40824-022-00271-9 |
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