Remote Performance Modulation of Ultrafiltration Membranes by Magnetically and Thermally Responsive Polymer Chains
Ultrafiltration membranes, that respond to an external magnetic field and local temperature have been developed. Surface-initiated activator-generated electron transfer (AGET) atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) has been used to graft poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAm) from the surface of...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-05-01
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| Series: | Membranes |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0375/11/5/340 |
| _version_ | 1797535327951257600 |
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| author | Arijit Sengupta Anh Vu Xianghong Qian S. Ranil Wickramasinghe |
| author_facet | Arijit Sengupta Anh Vu Xianghong Qian S. Ranil Wickramasinghe |
| author_sort | Arijit Sengupta |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Ultrafiltration membranes, that respond to an external magnetic field and local temperature have been developed. Surface-initiated activator-generated electron transfer (AGET) atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) has been used to graft poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAm) from the surface of 300 kDa regenerated cellulose membranes. The polymerization initiator was selectively attached to the entire membrane surface, only the outer membrane surface or only the inner pore surface. A superparamagnetic nanoparticle was attached to the end of the polymer chain. The DI water flux as well as the flux and rejection of bovine serum albumin were investigated in the absence and presence of a 20 and 1000 Hz oscillating magnetic field. In an oscillating magnetic field, the tethered superparamagnetic nanoparticles can cause movement of the PNIPAm chains or induce heating. A 20 Hz magnetic field maximizes movement of the chains. A 1000 Hz magnetic field leads to greater induced heating. PNIPAm displays a lower critical solution temperature at 32 °C. Heating leads to collapse of the PNIPAm chains above their Lower Critical Solution Temperature (LCST). This work highlights the versatility of selectively grafting polymer chains containing a superparamagnetic nanoparticle from specific membrane locations. Depending on the frequency of the oscillating external magnetic field, membrane properties may be tuned. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T11:42:53Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-eda687ad736c41b38eac738d07ec5081 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2077-0375 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T11:42:53Z |
| publishDate | 2021-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Membranes |
| spelling | doaj.art-eda687ad736c41b38eac738d07ec50812023-11-21T18:20:30ZengMDPI AGMembranes2077-03752021-05-0111534010.3390/membranes11050340Remote Performance Modulation of Ultrafiltration Membranes by Magnetically and Thermally Responsive Polymer ChainsArijit Sengupta0Anh Vu1Xianghong Qian2S. Ranil Wickramasinghe3Ralph E Martin Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayettteville, AR 72701, USARalph E Martin Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayettteville, AR 72701, USADepartment of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayettteville, AR 72701, USARalph E Martin Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayettteville, AR 72701, USAUltrafiltration membranes, that respond to an external magnetic field and local temperature have been developed. Surface-initiated activator-generated electron transfer (AGET) atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) has been used to graft poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAm) from the surface of 300 kDa regenerated cellulose membranes. The polymerization initiator was selectively attached to the entire membrane surface, only the outer membrane surface or only the inner pore surface. A superparamagnetic nanoparticle was attached to the end of the polymer chain. The DI water flux as well as the flux and rejection of bovine serum albumin were investigated in the absence and presence of a 20 and 1000 Hz oscillating magnetic field. In an oscillating magnetic field, the tethered superparamagnetic nanoparticles can cause movement of the PNIPAm chains or induce heating. A 20 Hz magnetic field maximizes movement of the chains. A 1000 Hz magnetic field leads to greater induced heating. PNIPAm displays a lower critical solution temperature at 32 °C. Heating leads to collapse of the PNIPAm chains above their Lower Critical Solution Temperature (LCST). This work highlights the versatility of selectively grafting polymer chains containing a superparamagnetic nanoparticle from specific membrane locations. Depending on the frequency of the oscillating external magnetic field, membrane properties may be tuned.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0375/11/5/340atom transfer radical polymerizationfluxoscillating magnetic fieldrejectionsurface modification |
| spellingShingle | Arijit Sengupta Anh Vu Xianghong Qian S. Ranil Wickramasinghe Remote Performance Modulation of Ultrafiltration Membranes by Magnetically and Thermally Responsive Polymer Chains Membranes atom transfer radical polymerization flux oscillating magnetic field rejection surface modification |
| title | Remote Performance Modulation of Ultrafiltration Membranes by Magnetically and Thermally Responsive Polymer Chains |
| title_full | Remote Performance Modulation of Ultrafiltration Membranes by Magnetically and Thermally Responsive Polymer Chains |
| title_fullStr | Remote Performance Modulation of Ultrafiltration Membranes by Magnetically and Thermally Responsive Polymer Chains |
| title_full_unstemmed | Remote Performance Modulation of Ultrafiltration Membranes by Magnetically and Thermally Responsive Polymer Chains |
| title_short | Remote Performance Modulation of Ultrafiltration Membranes by Magnetically and Thermally Responsive Polymer Chains |
| title_sort | remote performance modulation of ultrafiltration membranes by magnetically and thermally responsive polymer chains |
| topic | atom transfer radical polymerization flux oscillating magnetic field rejection surface modification |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0375/11/5/340 |
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