Synthesis of a 33‐yr series of whole‐lake experiments: Effects of nutrients, grazers, and precipitation‐driven water color on chlorophyll
Abstract We conducted a 33‐yr series of whole‐lake experiments to measure ecosystem responses to food web structure and nutrient load, compare aquatic and terrestrial carbon flows to consumers, and evaluate indicators of ecosystem resilience. These manipulations showed that chlorophyll responded to...
| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2018-12-01
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| Series: | Limnology and Oceanography Letters |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1002/lol2.10094 |
| _version_ | 1819176891769159680 |
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| author | Stephen R. Carpenter Michael L. Pace |
| author_facet | Stephen R. Carpenter Michael L. Pace |
| author_sort | Stephen R. Carpenter |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract We conducted a 33‐yr series of whole‐lake experiments to measure ecosystem responses to food web structure and nutrient load, compare aquatic and terrestrial carbon flows to consumers, and evaluate indicators of ecosystem resilience. These manipulations showed that chlorophyll responded to nutrient loading and to grazing controlled by a trophic cascade. In this article, we synthesized experimental results using a new analysis of heretofore unrecognized variation in water color, measured as light absorbance at 440 nm. Long‐term data revealed fluctuations in precipitation that drive water color variation. We compared effects of nutrient loading, zooplankton biomass, zooplankton body size, and water color on chlorophyll. Water color was an important factor in the chlorophyll response. This driver of the chlorophyll response to manipulation was not resolved until decades of data were available. A long‐term context enriched insights from ecosystem experiments and exemplified the complementarity of experimental and long‐term approaches in limnology. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-22T21:17:58Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-edac3e5ce35c46e1bda7187507897e06 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2378-2242 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-22T21:17:58Z |
| publishDate | 2018-12-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Limnology and Oceanography Letters |
| spelling | doaj.art-edac3e5ce35c46e1bda7187507897e062022-12-21T18:12:19ZengWileyLimnology and Oceanography Letters2378-22422018-12-013641942710.1002/lol2.10094Synthesis of a 33‐yr series of whole‐lake experiments: Effects of nutrients, grazers, and precipitation‐driven water color on chlorophyllStephen R. Carpenter0Michael L. Pace1Center for LimnologyUniversity of WisconsinMadisonWisconsinDepartment of Environmental SciencesUniversity of VirginiaCharlottesville, VirginiaAbstract We conducted a 33‐yr series of whole‐lake experiments to measure ecosystem responses to food web structure and nutrient load, compare aquatic and terrestrial carbon flows to consumers, and evaluate indicators of ecosystem resilience. These manipulations showed that chlorophyll responded to nutrient loading and to grazing controlled by a trophic cascade. In this article, we synthesized experimental results using a new analysis of heretofore unrecognized variation in water color, measured as light absorbance at 440 nm. Long‐term data revealed fluctuations in precipitation that drive water color variation. We compared effects of nutrient loading, zooplankton biomass, zooplankton body size, and water color on chlorophyll. Water color was an important factor in the chlorophyll response. This driver of the chlorophyll response to manipulation was not resolved until decades of data were available. A long‐term context enriched insights from ecosystem experiments and exemplified the complementarity of experimental and long‐term approaches in limnology.https://doi.org/10.1002/lol2.10094 |
| spellingShingle | Stephen R. Carpenter Michael L. Pace Synthesis of a 33‐yr series of whole‐lake experiments: Effects of nutrients, grazers, and precipitation‐driven water color on chlorophyll Limnology and Oceanography Letters |
| title | Synthesis of a 33‐yr series of whole‐lake experiments: Effects of nutrients, grazers, and precipitation‐driven water color on chlorophyll |
| title_full | Synthesis of a 33‐yr series of whole‐lake experiments: Effects of nutrients, grazers, and precipitation‐driven water color on chlorophyll |
| title_fullStr | Synthesis of a 33‐yr series of whole‐lake experiments: Effects of nutrients, grazers, and precipitation‐driven water color on chlorophyll |
| title_full_unstemmed | Synthesis of a 33‐yr series of whole‐lake experiments: Effects of nutrients, grazers, and precipitation‐driven water color on chlorophyll |
| title_short | Synthesis of a 33‐yr series of whole‐lake experiments: Effects of nutrients, grazers, and precipitation‐driven water color on chlorophyll |
| title_sort | synthesis of a 33 yr series of whole lake experiments effects of nutrients grazers and precipitation driven water color on chlorophyll |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1002/lol2.10094 |
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