Phytochemicals and toxicity of ketapang fruit flesh (Terminalia catappa. Linn) using the BSLT method
Ketapang is widely used in traditional medicine. Parts of ketapang plant, such as roots, leaves, and bark, are known to have biological activities such as antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer. However, no biological activity has been reported on the flesh of the ketapang fru...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Universitas Ahmad Dahlan
2022-11-01
|
| Series: | Pharmaciana |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://journal.uad.ac.id/index.php/PHARMACIANA/article/view/22219/pdf_244 |
| _version_ | 1811315931299708928 |
|---|---|
| author | Senny Widyaningsih Mochamad Chasani Undri Rastuti Umi Salamah |
| author_facet | Senny Widyaningsih Mochamad Chasani Undri Rastuti Umi Salamah |
| author_sort | Senny Widyaningsih |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Ketapang is widely used in traditional medicine. Parts of ketapang plant, such as roots, leaves, and bark, are known to have biological activities such as antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer. However, no biological activity has been reported on the flesh of the ketapang fruit. This research was conducted to obtain phytochemicals and toxicity information of ketapang fruit flesh as an anticancer medicine. Toxicity indicates the potential for a chemical compound to cause damage to living organisms, while phytochemicals indicate a group of compounds that have biological activity. Extraction of ketapang fruit flesh was carried out using various solvents, both polar and non-polar solvents, methanol, n-hexane, and ethyl acetate. The toxicity test used the Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) method, while phytochemicals tests used the thin layer chromatography (TLC), in which identification of bioactive compounds of ketapang pulp extract used UV-Visible and FTIR spectroscopy. The results showed that the ketapang fruit flesh extract was toxic to Artemia salina Leach shrimp larvae. The most toxic was ethyl acetate extract, with an LC50 value was 17,171 ppm. The phytochemicals screening showed that ethyl acetate extract of the ketapang fruit flesh contained flavonoid, alkaloid, phenolic, terpenoid, and saponin compounds. Tracing using UV-Vis shows the presence of conjugated double bonds which refer to flavonoid compounds, as well as the IR spectrum which indicates the presence of a typical functional group of flavonoid compounds. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T11:40:11Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-edc4d0fe40254870b7944a40435b2d9d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2088-4559 2477-0256 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T11:40:11Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
| publisher | Universitas Ahmad Dahlan |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Pharmaciana |
| spelling | doaj.art-edc4d0fe40254870b7944a40435b2d9d2022-12-22T02:48:20ZengUniversitas Ahmad DahlanPharmaciana2088-45592477-02562022-11-0112327528210.12928/pharmaciana.v12i3.22219Phytochemicals and toxicity of ketapang fruit flesh (Terminalia catappa. Linn) using the BSLT method Senny Widyaningsih0Mochamad Chasani1Undri Rastuti2Umi Salamah3Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman Ketapang is widely used in traditional medicine. Parts of ketapang plant, such as roots, leaves, and bark, are known to have biological activities such as antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer. However, no biological activity has been reported on the flesh of the ketapang fruit. This research was conducted to obtain phytochemicals and toxicity information of ketapang fruit flesh as an anticancer medicine. Toxicity indicates the potential for a chemical compound to cause damage to living organisms, while phytochemicals indicate a group of compounds that have biological activity. Extraction of ketapang fruit flesh was carried out using various solvents, both polar and non-polar solvents, methanol, n-hexane, and ethyl acetate. The toxicity test used the Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) method, while phytochemicals tests used the thin layer chromatography (TLC), in which identification of bioactive compounds of ketapang pulp extract used UV-Visible and FTIR spectroscopy. The results showed that the ketapang fruit flesh extract was toxic to Artemia salina Leach shrimp larvae. The most toxic was ethyl acetate extract, with an LC50 value was 17,171 ppm. The phytochemicals screening showed that ethyl acetate extract of the ketapang fruit flesh contained flavonoid, alkaloid, phenolic, terpenoid, and saponin compounds. Tracing using UV-Vis shows the presence of conjugated double bonds which refer to flavonoid compounds, as well as the IR spectrum which indicates the presence of a typical functional group of flavonoid compounds.http://journal.uad.ac.id/index.php/PHARMACIANA/article/view/22219/pdf_244terminalia catappa. linnartemia salina leachbrine shrimp lethality test |
| spellingShingle | Senny Widyaningsih Mochamad Chasani Undri Rastuti Umi Salamah Phytochemicals and toxicity of ketapang fruit flesh (Terminalia catappa. Linn) using the BSLT method Pharmaciana terminalia catappa. linn artemia salina leach brine shrimp lethality test |
| title | Phytochemicals and toxicity of ketapang fruit flesh (Terminalia catappa. Linn) using the BSLT method |
| title_full | Phytochemicals and toxicity of ketapang fruit flesh (Terminalia catappa. Linn) using the BSLT method |
| title_fullStr | Phytochemicals and toxicity of ketapang fruit flesh (Terminalia catappa. Linn) using the BSLT method |
| title_full_unstemmed | Phytochemicals and toxicity of ketapang fruit flesh (Terminalia catappa. Linn) using the BSLT method |
| title_short | Phytochemicals and toxicity of ketapang fruit flesh (Terminalia catappa. Linn) using the BSLT method |
| title_sort | phytochemicals and toxicity of ketapang fruit flesh terminalia catappa linn using the bslt method |
| topic | terminalia catappa. linn artemia salina leach brine shrimp lethality test |
| url | http://journal.uad.ac.id/index.php/PHARMACIANA/article/view/22219/pdf_244 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT sennywidyaningsih phytochemicalsandtoxicityofketapangfruitfleshterminaliacatappalinnusingthebsltmethod AT mochamadchasani phytochemicalsandtoxicityofketapangfruitfleshterminaliacatappalinnusingthebsltmethod AT undrirastuti phytochemicalsandtoxicityofketapangfruitfleshterminaliacatappalinnusingthebsltmethod AT umisalamah phytochemicalsandtoxicityofketapangfruitfleshterminaliacatappalinnusingthebsltmethod |