Contrasting phenology responses to climate warming across the northern extra-tropics
Climate warming has substantially advanced the timing of spring leaf-out of woody species at middle and high latitudes, albeit with large differences. Insights in the spatial variation of this climate warming response may therefore help to constrain future trends in leaf-out and its impact on energy...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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KeAi Communications Co. Ltd.
2022-09-01
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| Series: | Fundamental Research |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667325822000401 |
| _version_ | 1797976340851326976 |
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| author | Xiaojun Geng Yaru Zhang Yongshuo H. Fu Fanghua Hao Ivan A. Janssens Josep Peñuelas Shilong Piao Jing Tang Zhaofei Wu Jing Zhang Xuan Zhang Nils Chr. Stenseth |
| author_facet | Xiaojun Geng Yaru Zhang Yongshuo H. Fu Fanghua Hao Ivan A. Janssens Josep Peñuelas Shilong Piao Jing Tang Zhaofei Wu Jing Zhang Xuan Zhang Nils Chr. Stenseth |
| author_sort | Xiaojun Geng |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Climate warming has substantially advanced the timing of spring leaf-out of woody species at middle and high latitudes, albeit with large differences. Insights in the spatial variation of this climate warming response may therefore help to constrain future trends in leaf-out and its impact on energy, water and carbon balances at global scales. In this study, we used in situ phenology observations of 38 species from 2067 study sites, distributed across the northern hemisphere in China, Europe and the United States, to investigate the latitudinal patterns of spring leaf-out and its sensitivity (ST, advance of leaf-out dates per degree of warming) and correlation (RT, partial correlation coefficient) to temperature during the period 1980–2016. Across all species and sites, we found that ST decreased significantly by 0.15 ± 0.02 d °C−1 °N−1, and RT increased by 0.02 ± 0.001 °N−1 (both at P < 0.001). The latitudinal patterns in RT and ST were explained by the differences in requirements of chilling and thermal forcing that evolved to maximize tree fitness under local climate, particularly climate predictability and summed precipitation during the pre-leaf-out season. Our results thus showed complicated spatial differences in leaf-out responses to ongoing climate warming and indicated that spatial differences in the interactions among environmental cues need to be embedded into large-scale phenology models to improve the simulation accuracy. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T04:49:23Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-eddb012f82c544c1914dda050bff484e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2667-3258 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T04:49:23Z |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
| publisher | KeAi Communications Co. Ltd. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Fundamental Research |
| spelling | doaj.art-eddb012f82c544c1914dda050bff484e2022-12-27T04:43:05ZengKeAi Communications Co. Ltd.Fundamental Research2667-32582022-09-0125708715Contrasting phenology responses to climate warming across the northern extra-tropicsXiaojun Geng0Yaru Zhang1Yongshuo H. Fu2Fanghua Hao3Ivan A. Janssens4Josep Peñuelas5Shilong Piao6Jing Tang7Zhaofei Wu8Jing Zhang9Xuan Zhang10Nils Chr. Stenseth11College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; General Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Planning and Design (GIWP), Ministry of Water Resources, Beijing 100053, ChinaCollege of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, ChinaCollege of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; Plants and Ecosystems, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium; Corresponding author.College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, ChinaPlants and Ecosystems, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, BelgiumCREAF, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona 08193, Catalonia, Spain; CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Bellaterra, Barcelona 08193, Catalonia, Spain.Pecking University, Beijing, 100847, ChinaDepartment of Physical Geography and Ecosystem Science, Lund University, SE, 223 62 Lund, Sweden; Terrestrial Ecology Section, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, DK, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark; Center for Permafrost (CENPERM), University of Copenhagen, DK, 1350, Copenhagen, DenmarkCollege of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, ChinaCollege of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, ChinaCollege of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, ChinaCentre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis (CEES), Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, N-0316 Oslo, NorwayClimate warming has substantially advanced the timing of spring leaf-out of woody species at middle and high latitudes, albeit with large differences. Insights in the spatial variation of this climate warming response may therefore help to constrain future trends in leaf-out and its impact on energy, water and carbon balances at global scales. In this study, we used in situ phenology observations of 38 species from 2067 study sites, distributed across the northern hemisphere in China, Europe and the United States, to investigate the latitudinal patterns of spring leaf-out and its sensitivity (ST, advance of leaf-out dates per degree of warming) and correlation (RT, partial correlation coefficient) to temperature during the period 1980–2016. Across all species and sites, we found that ST decreased significantly by 0.15 ± 0.02 d °C−1 °N−1, and RT increased by 0.02 ± 0.001 °N−1 (both at P < 0.001). The latitudinal patterns in RT and ST were explained by the differences in requirements of chilling and thermal forcing that evolved to maximize tree fitness under local climate, particularly climate predictability and summed precipitation during the pre-leaf-out season. Our results thus showed complicated spatial differences in leaf-out responses to ongoing climate warming and indicated that spatial differences in the interactions among environmental cues need to be embedded into large-scale phenology models to improve the simulation accuracy.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667325822000401Apparent temperature sensitivityLatitudinal patternLeaf-outTemperate treeClimate change |
| spellingShingle | Xiaojun Geng Yaru Zhang Yongshuo H. Fu Fanghua Hao Ivan A. Janssens Josep Peñuelas Shilong Piao Jing Tang Zhaofei Wu Jing Zhang Xuan Zhang Nils Chr. Stenseth Contrasting phenology responses to climate warming across the northern extra-tropics Fundamental Research Apparent temperature sensitivity Latitudinal pattern Leaf-out Temperate tree Climate change |
| title | Contrasting phenology responses to climate warming across the northern extra-tropics |
| title_full | Contrasting phenology responses to climate warming across the northern extra-tropics |
| title_fullStr | Contrasting phenology responses to climate warming across the northern extra-tropics |
| title_full_unstemmed | Contrasting phenology responses to climate warming across the northern extra-tropics |
| title_short | Contrasting phenology responses to climate warming across the northern extra-tropics |
| title_sort | contrasting phenology responses to climate warming across the northern extra tropics |
| topic | Apparent temperature sensitivity Latitudinal pattern Leaf-out Temperate tree Climate change |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667325822000401 |
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