The Molecular Identification and Antifungal Susceptibility of Clinical Isolates of <i>Aspergillus</i> Section <i>Flavi</i> from Three French Hospitals
(1) Background: <i>Aspergillus flavus</i> is a cosmopolitan mold with medical, veterinary, and agronomic concerns. Its morphological similarity to other cryptic species of the <i>Flavi</i> section requires molecular identification techniques that are not routinely performed....
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2023-09-01
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| Series: | Microorganisms |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/11/10/2429 |
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| author | Elie Djenontin Jean-Marc Costa Bita Mousavi Lin Do Ngoc Nguyen Jacques Guillot Laurence Delhaes Françoise Botterel Eric Dannaoui |
| author_facet | Elie Djenontin Jean-Marc Costa Bita Mousavi Lin Do Ngoc Nguyen Jacques Guillot Laurence Delhaes Françoise Botterel Eric Dannaoui |
| author_sort | Elie Djenontin |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | (1) Background: <i>Aspergillus flavus</i> is a cosmopolitan mold with medical, veterinary, and agronomic concerns. Its morphological similarity to other cryptic species of the <i>Flavi</i> section requires molecular identification techniques that are not routinely performed. For clinical isolates of <i>Aspergillus</i> section <i>Flavi</i>, we present the molecular identification, susceptibility to six antifungal agents, and clinical context of source patients. (2) Methods: One hundred forty fungal clinical isolates were included in the study. These isolates, recovered over a 15-year period (2001–2015), were identified based on their morphological characteristics as belonging to section <i>Flavi</i>. After the subculture, sequencing of a part of the β-tubulin and calmodulin genes was performed, and resistance to azole antifungals was screened on agar plates containing itraconazole and voriconazole. Minimum inhibitory concentrations were determined for 120 isolates by the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) broth microdilution method. (3) Results: Partial β-tubulin and calmodulin sequences analysis showed that 138/140 isolates were <i>A. flavus sensu stricto</i>, 1 isolate was <i>A. parasiticus/sojae,</i> and 1 was <i>A. nomiae</i>. Many of the isolates came from samples collected in the context of respiratory tract colonization. Among probable or proven aspergillosis, respiratory infections were the most frequent, followed by ENT infections. Antifungal susceptibility testing was available for isolates (n = 120, all <i>A. flavus ss</i>) from one hospital. The MIC range (geometric mean MIC) in mg/L was 0.5–8 (0.77), 0.5–8 (1.03), 0.125–2 (0.25), 0.03–2 (0.22), 0.25–8 (1.91), and 0.03–0.125 (0.061) for voriconazole, isavuconazole, itraconazole, posaconazole, amphotericin B, and caspofungin, respectively. Two (1.67%) isolates showed resistance to isavuconazole according to current EUCAST breakpoints with MICs at 8 mg/L for isavuconazole and voriconazole. One of these two isolates was also resistant to itraconazole with MIC at 2 mg/L. (4) Conclusions: The present characterization of a large collection of <i>Aspergillus</i> belonging to the <i>Flavi</i> section confirmed that <i>A. flavus ss</i> is the predominant species. It is mainly implicated in respiratory and ENT infections. The emergence of resistance highlights the need to perform susceptibility tests on section <i>Flavi</i> isolates. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T21:03:07Z |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T21:03:07Z |
| publishDate | 2023-09-01 |
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| series | Microorganisms |
| spelling | doaj.art-edf5528e9506469b90c32240ae9d90172023-11-19T17:26:36ZengMDPI AGMicroorganisms2076-26072023-09-011110242910.3390/microorganisms11102429The Molecular Identification and Antifungal Susceptibility of Clinical Isolates of <i>Aspergillus</i> Section <i>Flavi</i> from Three French HospitalsElie Djenontin0Jean-Marc Costa1Bita Mousavi2Lin Do Ngoc Nguyen3Jacques Guillot4Laurence Delhaes5Françoise Botterel6Eric Dannaoui7Dynamyc UPEC, EnvA, USC Anses, Faculté de Médecine de Créteil, 94010 Créteil, FranceLaboratoire CERBA, 11 Rue de l’Équerre, 95310 Saint-Ouen-l’Aumône, FranceDynamyc UPEC, EnvA, USC Anses, Faculté de Médecine de Créteil, 94010 Créteil, FranceFamily Hospital, 73 Nguyen Huu Tho, Hai Chau, Danang 55000, VietnamUnité pédagogique de Dermatologie, Parasitologie, Mycologie, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire Agroalimentaire et de l’Alimentation Nantes Atlantique, Oniris, 44300 Nantes, FranceLaboratoire de Parasitologie-Mycologie, CNR des Aspergilloses Chroniques—CHU de Bordeaux, INSERM U1045—Univ. Bordeaux, 33000 Bordeaux, FranceDynamyc UPEC, EnvA, USC Anses, Faculté de Médecine de Créteil, 94010 Créteil, FranceDynamyc UPEC, EnvA, USC Anses, Faculté de Médecine de Créteil, 94010 Créteil, France(1) Background: <i>Aspergillus flavus</i> is a cosmopolitan mold with medical, veterinary, and agronomic concerns. Its morphological similarity to other cryptic species of the <i>Flavi</i> section requires molecular identification techniques that are not routinely performed. For clinical isolates of <i>Aspergillus</i> section <i>Flavi</i>, we present the molecular identification, susceptibility to six antifungal agents, and clinical context of source patients. (2) Methods: One hundred forty fungal clinical isolates were included in the study. These isolates, recovered over a 15-year period (2001–2015), were identified based on their morphological characteristics as belonging to section <i>Flavi</i>. After the subculture, sequencing of a part of the β-tubulin and calmodulin genes was performed, and resistance to azole antifungals was screened on agar plates containing itraconazole and voriconazole. Minimum inhibitory concentrations were determined for 120 isolates by the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) broth microdilution method. (3) Results: Partial β-tubulin and calmodulin sequences analysis showed that 138/140 isolates were <i>A. flavus sensu stricto</i>, 1 isolate was <i>A. parasiticus/sojae,</i> and 1 was <i>A. nomiae</i>. Many of the isolates came from samples collected in the context of respiratory tract colonization. Among probable or proven aspergillosis, respiratory infections were the most frequent, followed by ENT infections. Antifungal susceptibility testing was available for isolates (n = 120, all <i>A. flavus ss</i>) from one hospital. The MIC range (geometric mean MIC) in mg/L was 0.5–8 (0.77), 0.5–8 (1.03), 0.125–2 (0.25), 0.03–2 (0.22), 0.25–8 (1.91), and 0.03–0.125 (0.061) for voriconazole, isavuconazole, itraconazole, posaconazole, amphotericin B, and caspofungin, respectively. Two (1.67%) isolates showed resistance to isavuconazole according to current EUCAST breakpoints with MICs at 8 mg/L for isavuconazole and voriconazole. One of these two isolates was also resistant to itraconazole with MIC at 2 mg/L. (4) Conclusions: The present characterization of a large collection of <i>Aspergillus</i> belonging to the <i>Flavi</i> section confirmed that <i>A. flavus ss</i> is the predominant species. It is mainly implicated in respiratory and ENT infections. The emergence of resistance highlights the need to perform susceptibility tests on section <i>Flavi</i> isolates.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/11/10/2429<i>Flavi</i> section<i>Aspergillus flavus</i><i>Aspergillus sojae</i><i>Aspergillus parasiticus</i><i>Aspergillus nomiae</i>cryptic species |
| spellingShingle | Elie Djenontin Jean-Marc Costa Bita Mousavi Lin Do Ngoc Nguyen Jacques Guillot Laurence Delhaes Françoise Botterel Eric Dannaoui The Molecular Identification and Antifungal Susceptibility of Clinical Isolates of <i>Aspergillus</i> Section <i>Flavi</i> from Three French Hospitals Microorganisms <i>Flavi</i> section <i>Aspergillus flavus</i> <i>Aspergillus sojae</i> <i>Aspergillus parasiticus</i> <i>Aspergillus nomiae</i> cryptic species |
| title | The Molecular Identification and Antifungal Susceptibility of Clinical Isolates of <i>Aspergillus</i> Section <i>Flavi</i> from Three French Hospitals |
| title_full | The Molecular Identification and Antifungal Susceptibility of Clinical Isolates of <i>Aspergillus</i> Section <i>Flavi</i> from Three French Hospitals |
| title_fullStr | The Molecular Identification and Antifungal Susceptibility of Clinical Isolates of <i>Aspergillus</i> Section <i>Flavi</i> from Three French Hospitals |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Molecular Identification and Antifungal Susceptibility of Clinical Isolates of <i>Aspergillus</i> Section <i>Flavi</i> from Three French Hospitals |
| title_short | The Molecular Identification and Antifungal Susceptibility of Clinical Isolates of <i>Aspergillus</i> Section <i>Flavi</i> from Three French Hospitals |
| title_sort | molecular identification and antifungal susceptibility of clinical isolates of i aspergillus i section i flavi i from three french hospitals |
| topic | <i>Flavi</i> section <i>Aspergillus flavus</i> <i>Aspergillus sojae</i> <i>Aspergillus parasiticus</i> <i>Aspergillus nomiae</i> cryptic species |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/11/10/2429 |
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