A REVIEW ON TICK VACCINE - CURRENT STATUS AND FUTURE PROSPECTIVE
The conventional practice of tick management is mainly focused on treating the animals and animal shed with commonly available chemical acaricides. Yet, this method only provides a limited degree of success with several inherited pitfalls, such as acaricidal residues in meat and milk, biomagnifica...
| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
West Bengal Veterinary Alumni Association
2024-04-01
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| Series: | Exploratory Animal and Medical Research |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://animalmedicalresearch.org/Vol.14_Parasitology-Special-Issue_April_2024/A%20REVIEW%20ON%20TICK%20VACCINE%20-%20CURRENT%20STATUS.pdf |
| Summary: | The conventional practice of tick management is mainly focused on treating the animals and
animal shed with commonly available chemical acaricides. Yet, this method only provides a limited degree
of success with several inherited pitfalls, such as acaricidal residues in meat and milk, biomagnification in
the food web, selection of drug-insensitive ticks, and negative environmental impact from chemical
residues. Vaccines provide an enticing alternative approach, but progress has stalled against these
tenacious hematophagous arthropods. After over 30 years of vaccine research against tick and tick-borne
pathogens, only a handful of native or recombinant antigen targets have been identified and evaluated as
single-antigen vaccines, with inconsistent efficacy. In contrast, multi-antigen vaccines targeting several
molecular functions may hold better potential for effective control in the field. However, challenges
remain in ensuring consistent protein purity and expression scales, proper post-translational modification,
and optimal immune responses. Therefore, epitope-based peptide vaccines that can stimulate protective
immune responses represent a promising approach for tick vaccine development. Additionally, mRNA
vaccines have recently emerged as an alternative vaccine platform with potential benefits in potency,
speed of development, cost-effectiveness, and safety. Research continues to unlock new immunological
intricacies and opportunities within ticks. Novel vaccine strategies may achieve a pivotal breakthrough
against these pervasive arachnids and the dangerous diseases they spread.
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| ISSN: | 2277-470X 2319-247X |