The first Brazilian bovine breed: structure and genetic diversity of the Curraleiro Pé-duro
Background The production of animal-based foods from native breeds have a synergistic relationship with the regional culture, the local climate, and mainly the maintenance of alternative genetic resources for a system with a lower environmental impact. Thus the efficiency of conservation and product...
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PeerJ Inc.
2023-04-01
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| Online Access: | https://peerj.com/articles/14768.pdf |
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| author | Mérik Rocha-Silva José Lindenberg Rocha Sarmento Fábio Barros Britto George Vieira do Nascimento Lilian Silva Geandro Carvalho Geovergue Rodrigues de Medeiros |
| author_facet | Mérik Rocha-Silva José Lindenberg Rocha Sarmento Fábio Barros Britto George Vieira do Nascimento Lilian Silva Geandro Carvalho Geovergue Rodrigues de Medeiros |
| author_sort | Mérik Rocha-Silva |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background The production of animal-based foods from native breeds have a synergistic relationship with the regional culture, the local climate, and mainly the maintenance of alternative genetic resources for a system with a lower environmental impact. Thus the efficiency of conservation and production depends on assessing the variability of these local breeds. In the case of Curraleiro Pé-duro cattle, the most adapted individuals have undergone natural selection over five hundred years in the Brazilian savannas, mating with little or no human interference. The peculiarities of these biomes, where the regional flora is the food base and cattle is raised in extensive areas, likely influenced the genetic composition of the different groups that make up the first cattle breed of Brazil. Methods To evaluate the composition, diversity, variation, differentiation, and genetic structure of the populations studied, samples of hair follicles from 474 individuals of different animal categories (calves, yearlings, heifers, cows, and bulls) from three farms, defined as subpopulations “A”, “B”, and “C”, were collected. The animals were genotyped for 17 microsatellite markers using a DNA sequencer. After verification of monomorphic alleles, alleles outside the expected size range, and for the presence of stutter bands, the results were subjected to statistical analysis. Results The markers used were suitable for the proposed application with a mean Polymorphism Information Content (PIC) of 0.62. On average, the effective alleles were 4.25 per marker, with mean heterozygosities of 0.74 (observed and expected), which was lower in herd A (0.70) in comparison to herds B (0.77) and C (0.74). The analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) revealed a higher rate of variation within herds (98.5%) and lower among herds (1.5%) (FSTranging from 0.00723 and 0.03198; p-values < 0.05). However no significant differences among herds where found with the Mantel test based on geographic distances. The formation of genetic clusters of all animals sampled with the software Structure resulted in minimum cluster values, with two main genetic groups (K = 2) observed among the evaluated animals. Therefore, based on PIC and heterozygosity values, a wide genetic diversity was observed, despite little differences in population structure (AMOVA, FST, and Structure results) among sampling sites. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T04:11:10Z |
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| id | doaj.art-edfc0d77d5a6438992999bde200104c3 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T04:11:10Z |
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| spelling | doaj.art-edfc0d77d5a6438992999bde200104c32023-12-03T14:00:52ZengPeerJ Inc.PeerJ2167-83592023-04-0111e1476810.7717/peerj.14768The first Brazilian bovine breed: structure and genetic diversity of the Curraleiro Pé-duroMérik Rocha-Silva0José Lindenberg Rocha Sarmento1Fábio Barros Britto2George Vieira do Nascimento3Lilian Silva4Geandro Carvalho5Geovergue Rodrigues de Medeiros6Animal Science, Universidade Estadual do Piauí, Teresina, Piauí, BrasilAnimal Science, UFPI—Universidade Federal do Piauí, Teresina, Piauí, BrasilBiology Department, UFPI—Universidade Federal do Piauí, Teresina, Piauí, BrasilAnimal Production Department, INSA—Instituto Nacional do Semiarido, Campina Grande, Paraíba, BrasilAnimal Science, UFPI—Universidade Federal do Piauí, Teresina, Piauí, BrasilAnimal Science, UFPI—Universidade Federal do Piauí, Teresina, Piauí, BrasilAnimal Production Department, INSA—Instituto Nacional do Semiarido, Campina Grande, Paraíba, BrasilBackground The production of animal-based foods from native breeds have a synergistic relationship with the regional culture, the local climate, and mainly the maintenance of alternative genetic resources for a system with a lower environmental impact. Thus the efficiency of conservation and production depends on assessing the variability of these local breeds. In the case of Curraleiro Pé-duro cattle, the most adapted individuals have undergone natural selection over five hundred years in the Brazilian savannas, mating with little or no human interference. The peculiarities of these biomes, where the regional flora is the food base and cattle is raised in extensive areas, likely influenced the genetic composition of the different groups that make up the first cattle breed of Brazil. Methods To evaluate the composition, diversity, variation, differentiation, and genetic structure of the populations studied, samples of hair follicles from 474 individuals of different animal categories (calves, yearlings, heifers, cows, and bulls) from three farms, defined as subpopulations “A”, “B”, and “C”, were collected. The animals were genotyped for 17 microsatellite markers using a DNA sequencer. After verification of monomorphic alleles, alleles outside the expected size range, and for the presence of stutter bands, the results were subjected to statistical analysis. Results The markers used were suitable for the proposed application with a mean Polymorphism Information Content (PIC) of 0.62. On average, the effective alleles were 4.25 per marker, with mean heterozygosities of 0.74 (observed and expected), which was lower in herd A (0.70) in comparison to herds B (0.77) and C (0.74). The analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) revealed a higher rate of variation within herds (98.5%) and lower among herds (1.5%) (FSTranging from 0.00723 and 0.03198; p-values < 0.05). However no significant differences among herds where found with the Mantel test based on geographic distances. The formation of genetic clusters of all animals sampled with the software Structure resulted in minimum cluster values, with two main genetic groups (K = 2) observed among the evaluated animals. Therefore, based on PIC and heterozygosity values, a wide genetic diversity was observed, despite little differences in population structure (AMOVA, FST, and Structure results) among sampling sites.https://peerj.com/articles/14768.pdfAMOVAMicrosatellitesSlatikin’s genetic distanceNative breed |
| spellingShingle | Mérik Rocha-Silva José Lindenberg Rocha Sarmento Fábio Barros Britto George Vieira do Nascimento Lilian Silva Geandro Carvalho Geovergue Rodrigues de Medeiros The first Brazilian bovine breed: structure and genetic diversity of the Curraleiro Pé-duro PeerJ AMOVA Microsatellites Slatikin’s genetic distance Native breed |
| title | The first Brazilian bovine breed: structure and genetic diversity of the Curraleiro Pé-duro |
| title_full | The first Brazilian bovine breed: structure and genetic diversity of the Curraleiro Pé-duro |
| title_fullStr | The first Brazilian bovine breed: structure and genetic diversity of the Curraleiro Pé-duro |
| title_full_unstemmed | The first Brazilian bovine breed: structure and genetic diversity of the Curraleiro Pé-duro |
| title_short | The first Brazilian bovine breed: structure and genetic diversity of the Curraleiro Pé-duro |
| title_sort | first brazilian bovine breed structure and genetic diversity of the curraleiro pe duro |
| topic | AMOVA Microsatellites Slatikin’s genetic distance Native breed |
| url | https://peerj.com/articles/14768.pdf |
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